• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2009

Retinoic acids (RAs) modulate growth, differentiation, and apoptosis in normal, pre-malignant & malignant cells. In the present study, the effects of RA isomers (all-trans RA, 13-cis RA, and 9-cis RA) on the cell signal transduction of human breast cancer cells have been studied. The relationship between RAs and an enzymatic antioxidant system was also determined. Estrogen-receptor (ER) positive MCF-7 and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells were treated with different doses of each RA isomers, all-trans RA, 13-cis RA, or 9-cis RA. Treatment of RA isomers inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells as a result of increased caspase activity in cytoplasm and cytochrome C released from mitochondria. All-trans RA was the most effective RA isomer in both cell growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. However, no significant effect of RA isomers was observed on the cell growth or apoptosis in ER-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and glutathione peroxidase were decreased effectively after treatment of RA in MCF-7 cells, whereas SOD activity was rarely affected. Thus, the present data suggest that all-trans RA is the most potential inducer of apoptosis and modulator of antioxidant enzymes among RA isomers in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1127-1130
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• 2009

The effects of different dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) isomers, when used as matrix materials in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), were investigated in analyses of polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. PEG polymers ranging from 400 to 8,000 Da were prepared in different DHB isomer matrices using solvent-based and solvent-free methods. PEG samples were detected only in matrices of 2,3-DHB, 2,5-DHB, and 2,6-DHB while the most intense peaks were observed using 2,6-DHB in both solvent-free and solvent-based preparations.

• 생약학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 1996

In searching for anticomplementary compounds, three phenylpropanoids were isolated from the roots of Agastache rugosa and identified as rosmarinic acid (RA), rosmarinic acid methyl ester (RAM) and caffeic acid methyl ester (CAM) by NMR analyses. RA and RAM exhibited strong inhibitory activity on both the classical pathway (CP) and the alternative pathway (AP) of the complement system, in vitro, but CAM did far less than RA and RAM. $RAM-M1{\sim}-M5$, the methylated derivatives from the RAM, showed that the inhibitory activity was decreased in inverse proportion to the number of methylated groups and $RAM-M 2{\sim}-M4$, the isomers of two methylated hydroxyl groups, exhibited different inhibition activity.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.293-293
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• 2017

The objective of this study was to determine physicochemical changes in brown rice during ageing condition. Five varieties (Haiami, Ilpum, Daecheong, Jungwon, and Dasan1) of brown rice were stored at $35^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks. Crude protein and lipid content, seed germination rate, fat acidity, tocol content, TOYO glossiness value, pasting properties, and composition of storage proteins were measured to evaluate its quality during storage. The isomers of tocols (tocopherol and tocotrienols) were quantified using HPLC system, and the pattern of variation in rice storage proteins was examined through electrophoresis of protein extracts. Seed germination rate decreased by 2.7 times, whereas the fatty acid value dramatically increased by 4.8 times after 8 weeks of storage. Toyo glossiness value of cooked milled rice considerably affected by storage period, and the pasting properties of milled rice were also influenced by storage. The final viscosity and breakdown value increased, but setback decreased during storage. In terms of storage protein, proportion of prolamin (14.3 kDa) and globulin (26.4 kDa) increased, whereas percentage of glutelin (34-39 kDa and 21-22 kD) decreased. Furthermore, the contents of total tocol and isomers decreased in stored brown rice.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.591-600
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• 2013

This study investigated the changes in the nutraceutical lipid components of brown rice oil after germination. Four different high-yielding cultivars (Dasan1, Segyejinmi, Hanareum1 and Hanareum2) of Korean brown rice were selected and brown rice oil was extracted from each cultivar before and after germination. Free fatty acid, squalene, policosanols, and isomers of phytosterol were analyzed using GC, and isomers of tocols (tocopherol and tocotrienol) and ${\gamma}$-oryzanol were quantified using HPLC from both brown rice oil (BRO) and germinated brown rice oil (GBRO). The contents of phytosterol isomers, campesterol, stigmasterol, and ${\beta}$-sitosterol were increased by 8.3%, 31.6%, 3.3% in GBRO, respectively. Furthermore, the squalene content showed the highest increase of up to 2.4 fold in GBRO compared to BRO. In addition, linoleic and linolenic acid composition increased whereas oleic and palmitic acid decreased in the GRBO. However, the contents of tocols (tocopherol and tocotrienol) in GBRO were lower than those in BRO, and there was no significant difference in policosanol and ${\gamma}$-oryzanol between GBRO and BRO. These results suggest that GBRO has the potential as a healthy and functional source due to its lipid profile on improved lipid metabolism.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.367-375
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• 2013

본 연구는 국내 육성 벼 품종 미강의 토코페롤, 토코트리에놀, 폴리페놀, ${\gamma}$-oryzanol 함량 및 기타 항산화 활성의 차이를 검토한 결과이다. 1. 품종별 미강의 조지방 함량은 15.8%(오대)~23.9%(칠보)이었으며 단백질 함량은 12.2%(한설)~15.1%(조운), 회분 함량은 8.7%(추청)~10.8%(한설), 식이섬유 함량은 34.1%(삼광)~43.5%(청해진미)의 범위를 나타났다. 2. 품종별 미강의 전체 비타민 E 함량은 '호품'($221.47{\mu}g/g$), '칠보'($211.63{\mu}g/g$), '청해진미'($208.54{\mu}g/g$)순으로 높았고, '한설'($106.65{\mu}g/g$)이 가장 낮은 함량을 보였다. 토코페롤과 토코트리에놀은 각각 ${\alpha}$-Tocopherol과 ${\gamma}$-Tocotrienol이 주를 이루었으며, 밥쌀용 품종 미강의 비타민 E 이성체별 함량 분포가 품종에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다. 3. ${\gamma}$-oryzanol은 '칠보'(4.30 mg/g)가 가장 높은 함량을 보였으며, 미강 에탄올 추출물의 폴리페놀 함량은 '호품'(775.80 mg gallic acid/100g)이 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 플라보노이드 함량 등과 높은 연관을 보이는 DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 호품이 9.82%로 가장 높았으며, 폴리페놀 화합물 등과 관계되는 ABTS 라디칼 소거능과 환원력은 각각 '호품'(187.5 AEAC mg/100g), '운광'(A700 = 0.19)에서 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 4. 밥쌀용 벼 품종 간 미강 기능성 성분 함량의 유의한 차이를 확인하였고, 미강의 이용성 증진을 위하여 주요 품종의 특성을 이해하고 기능성 성분의 함량, 활성 및 추출 수율을 최적화하기 위한 연구가 지속적으로 수행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.