• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.604-607
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• 2005

Dependence of the crystallinity, surface roughness, carrier concentration, carrier mobility, electrical resistivity and transmittance of Al-doped ZnO films deposited on glass substrates by RF-magnetron sputtering on effects of the ratio of the RF power for AlZnO to that for ZnO (R) have been investigated. X-ray diffraction spectra show strong preferred orientation along the c-axis. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the ZnO (002) peak decreases slightly as R increases in the range of R<1.0, whereas it increases substantially in the range of R>1.0. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) show that the ZnO film surface becomes coarse as R increases. The carrier concentration and the carrier mobility in the ZnO thin film are maximal for R=1.5 and 1.0, respectively. The electrical resistivity is minimal for R=1.0 The transmittance of the ZnO:Al film tends to increase, but to decrease slightly in the range of R>0.5. It may be concluded that the optimum R value is 1.0, considering all these analysis results. The cause of the changes in the structure and physical properties of ZnO thin films with R are also discussed.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.94-107
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the interrelations among current status of nutrition education, satisfaction with school lunch, school lunch leftovers and self-rated mental or physical health in order to find out the effective method of nutrition education. For this, a questionnaire survey of 623 primary school 5th and 6th-graders in Daejeon area was carried out. The eating places were classrooms (41.1%) and restaurants (58.9%). A 59.2% of students have received nutrition education and the opportunity of receiving nutrition education was more in 5th-graders than in 6thgraders (p < 0.001). The score of nutrition knowledge was $9.4\;{\pm}\;2.8$ out of 15. When the score of nutrition knowledge was higher, the practical use of nutrition knowledge was higher (r = 0.134, p < 0.01); the score of school lunch leftovers were less (r = -0.116, p < 0.01); and the score of self-rated mental health was more positive (r = 0.198, p < 0.01). The practical use of nutrition knowledge was $2.9\;{\pm}\;1.1$ out of 5. When the practical use of nutrition knowledge was higher, satisfaction with school lunch was higher (r = 0.105, p < 0.01); school lunch leftovers were less (r = -0.103, p < 0.01); the score of self-rated positive mental health was higher (r = 0.293, p < 0.01); and the scores of self-rated negative mental health (r = -0.119, p < 0.05) and physical health (r = -0.126, p < 0.01) were lower, thus rating their health more positively. The score of satisfaction with school lunch was $3.4\;{\pm}\;1.0$ out of 5. When the satisfaction with school lunch was higher, the score of school lunch leftovers was less (r = -0.216, p < 0.01); the score of self-rated positive mental health was higher (r = 0.147, p < 0.01); and the score of self-rated negative health was lower (r = -0.121, p < 0.01). The score of school lunch leftovers was $2.9\;{\pm}\;1.4$ out of 5. When the school lunch leftovers were less, self-rated positive mental health was significantly higher (r = -0.146, p < 0.01); and the scores of self-rated negative mental health (r = 0.135, p < 0.01) and physical health (r = 0.223, p < 0.01) were significantly lower, thus presenting positive health. Therefore, in order to maintain positive health condition, it is necessary to carry out nutrition education, which is able to raise the nutrition knowledge and practical use of nutrition knowledge, school lunch satisfaction and to reduce the school lunch leftovers.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.79-83
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• 2015

본 연구는 큰느타리버섯의 베타글루칸 고함유 형질에 관련된 SCAR marker를 개발하기 위해 수행되었다. operon사의 OPA(20개), OPB(20개), OPL(20개), OPP(20개), OPR(20개), OPS(20개) 등 총 120개 primer를 random primer(10 mer)로 사용하여 대립 계통 9종과 베타글루칸 고함유 계통 9 종을 대상으로 RAPD를 이용한 bulked segregant analysis를 실시하여 OP-R03 primer로부터 대립 계통에는 나타나지 않고 베타글루칸 고함유 계통에만 나타나는 특이적인 RAPD 밴드를 얻었다. OP-R03 primer를 이용한 RAPD 결과, 약 91 bp 부근에서 베타글루칸 고함유 계통에 특이적인 DNA 밴드가 관찰되었으며 이 DNA 밴드의 염기서열 말단을 근거로 SCAR 마커로 사용할 specific primer인 OP-R03-1-F와 OP-R03-1-R를 디자인하였다. SCAR 마커 OP-R03-1-F/-1-R primer를 이용하여 PCR을 수행한 결과에서도 91 bp 부근에서 대립 계통과 구별되는 DNA 밴드가 베타글루칸 고함유 계통에서 확인되었으며 random primer인 OP-R03 primer를 이용하여 PCR을 수행했을 때보다 재현성이 높고 진한 DNA 밴드임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2014

The present study was designed to observe the oestrus responses in the indigenous ewe induced by cloprostenol sodium manufactured by two different companies ($Ovuprost^{(R)}$, BOMAC, Newzealandand $Prostenol^{(R)}$, Techno, Bangladesh). Twelve local ewes were divided into 3 groups (n= 8). The ewes in Group I and II were induced by intramuscular injection of $100{\mu}g$ (0.4 ml) of cloprostenol sodium ($Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$), respectively. The $2^{nd}$ injection in each group was given at 9 days apart. The ewes in Group III were kept as control for observing natural oestrus characteristics and comparing the responses with induced oestrus. Hundred and 75% ewes showed oestrus following $2^{nd}$ injection of $Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$, respectively. The average time of onset of oestrus following $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ injection of $Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$ were $50.5{\pm}3.5$ vs $48.0{\pm}0.0h$ and $49.9{\pm}1.9$ vs $49.5{\pm}1.7h$, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two types of cloprostenol sodium group on the onset of oestrus. The average duration of oestrus was $27.5{\pm}0.7$ vs $27.5{\pm}0.0h$ and $25.9{\pm}3.3$ vs $24.2{\pm}0.3h$ in $Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$ treated ewes, respectively. For natural oestrus, the duration of oestrus was $25.2{\pm}3.3h$. There was no significant difference among the cloprostenol sodium produced by two different companies and natural oestrous ewes on the duration of oestrus. The higher percentages of cornified cells were present in induced oestrus (90 and 85%) compared with natural oestrus (80%), although there was no significant difference among them. The pregnancy rates were 75, 66.7 and 100% in $Ovuprost^{(R)}$, $Prostenol^{(R)}$ and natural oestrous ewes, respectively. The above results indicate the suitability of using cloprostenol sodium for synchronization of oestrus in indigenous ewes in Bangladesh.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.502-508
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• 2011

감귤 '성전온주'(C. unshiu Marc)와 '병감'(C. reticulate Blanco)을 교배하여 얻은 다배성종자에서 교잡실생을 생육초기에 효과적으로 식별할 수 있는 방법 얻고자 PCR 기법에 바탕을 둔 RAPD와 SRAP 방법을 수행하였다. UBC (9, 27, 229, 230, 254) 프라이머와 SRAP (F4/R27, F7/R14, F12/R10, F44/R62) 프라이머 조합들을 사용하여 55개의 교배종자에서 얻은 실생들을 조사한 결과 37개의 종자에서 교잡실생을 식별할 수 있었다. F7/R14프라이머 조합에서는 45.5% (25/55)의 교잡실생을 식별할 수 있었고, UBC27 프라이머에서는 50.9% (28/55)의 식별효율을 보였다. 성전온주와 병감의 교배종자에서 UBC27 프라이머와 F7/R14 프라이머조합을 동시에 적용하였을 때에는 33개(60%, 33/55)의 종자에서 교잡실생을 식별할 수 있었다. 따라서 RAPD와 SRAP를 이용하였을 때 다배성 종자에서 교잡실생을 생육초기에 효율적으로 식별할 수 있었다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2020

When replacing hardware due to obsolescence, discontinuation, and expansion of software-equipped electronic equipment, software changes are required in the past, but if virtualization technology is applied, it can be applied without software changes. In this regard, we studied in order to apply virtualization technology in the development of naval multi-function radar signal processing, we studied hardware and OS independency for Docker and performance comparison between Docker and virtual machine. As a result, it was confirmed that hardware and OS independence exist when using Docker and that high-speed processing is possible compared to the virtual machine.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1327-1330
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• 2015

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common cancer in the oral area. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and especially MMP-2 and MMP-9 are increased in malignancy and lymph node involvement in oral SCCs. We aimed to evaluate the serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with oral SCC compared to normal subjects and their relation with clinicopathological findings. Materials and Methods: In this case control study, 20 patients with oral SCC and 20 healthy subjects were included and serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were compared between groups. Also, the correlation between these markers with clinicopathological findings including grade (T) and node (N) were evaluated. Results: Patients with oral SCC had significantly higher serum levels of MMP-2 (p=0.01) and MMP-9 (p<0.001) compared to healthy subjects. With increase in grade T, MMP-2 was significantly increased (p=0.001), but in the MMP-9 case this was not significant (p=0.27). The levels of MMP-2 (p=0.002) and MMP-9 (p=0.01) in cases with lymph node involvement and that of MMP-2 in subjects with smoking history (p=0.001) were significantly high. There was significantly positive correlation between MMP-2 with grade T tumor (r=0.598, p=0.005), lymph node involvement (r=0.737, p<0.001) and smoking (r=0.674, p=0.001) and also between MMP-9 and lymph node involvement (r=0.474, p=0.03). Conclusions: Both markers are significantly increased in oral SCC compared to healthy subjects. However, MMP-2 was better for evaluating lymph node involvement and tumor grade.

• 에너지공학
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.166-173
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 상용 냉동 공조기기에서 사용하고 있는 휜-관 열교환기에서 R22와 이의 대체냉매로 채용하고 있는 R134a 압력강하와 열전달 특성에 대해 실험적으로 연구하였다. 실험은 입구온도 $60^{\circ}C$, 질량유량 $150,\;200,\;250\;kg/m^{2}s$의 범위에 대해 수행하였다. 이때 공기의 유입조건은 전구온도 $35^{\circ}C$, 상대습도 40%, 공기유속은 $0.68{\sim}1.6m/s$이다. 실험 결과 응축기 출구의 과냉도를 $5^{\circ}C$로 유지한 경우 Rl34a의 필요공기유속은 R22보다 5.9%작게 나타났으며, R134a의 압력강하는 R22보다 $18.1{\sim}20.4%$의 범위 내에서 크게 나타났다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.641-647
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• 2007

This study aims to find out optimum condition for hydrogen production and organic removal when treating food and swine wastewater together. For this purpose, various batch tests were conducted by changing mixture ratio from 6:4 (food wastewater:swine wastewater) to 1:9 without pretreatment process. For hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation, the mixture ratios of R-1 (6:4), R-2 (5:5) and R-6 (1:9) were out of pH range appropriate for hydrogen production and mixture ratios of R-3 (4:6), R-4 (3:7), and R-5(2:8) showed appropriate hydrogen production where their pH ranges were 5.1~5.5. Especially in case of R-3, it consistently maintained appropriate pH range for hydrogen production for 72hr and produced maximum hydrogen. The characteristics of hydrogen production and cumulative hydrogen production according to each mixture ratio showed that R-1, R-2 and R-6 did not produce any hydrogen, and maximum hydrogen productions of R-3, R-4 and R-5 were 593ml, 419ml and 90ml, respectively. Total cumulative hydrogen productions of R-3, R-4 and R-5 were 1690ml, 425ml and 96ml, respectively. Based on previous results, it was concluded that, the most appropriate mixture ratio of food wastewater and swine wastewate rwas 4:6 (R-3). The experiment for COD removal rate to evaluate organic removal efficiency revealed that R-3, R-4 and R-5 showed high removal efficiencies during the highest hydrogen production amount and the highest efficiency was 41% with R-3.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 1985

Manddelberg [9] has shown that a Clifford algebra of a free quadratic space over an arbitrary semi-local ring R in Brawer-Wall group BW(R) is determined by its rank, determinant, and Hasse invariant. In this paper, we prove a corresponding result when R is a full ring.Throughout this paper, unless otherwise specified, we assume that R is a commutative ring having 2 a unit. A quadratic space (V, B, .phi.) over R is a finitely generated projective R-module V with a symmetric bilinear mapping B: V*V.rarw.R which is non-degenerate (i.e., the natural mapping V.rarw.Ho $m_{R}$(V,R) induced by B is an isomorphism), and with a quadratic mapping .phi.: V.rarw.R such that B(x,y)=1/2(.phi.(x+y)-.phi.(x)-.phi.(y)) and .phi.(rx) = $r^{2}$.phi.(x) for all x, y in V and r in R. We denote the group of multiplicative units of R by U9R). If (V, B, .phi.) is a free rank n quadratic space over R with an orthogonal basis { $x_{1}$,.., $x_{n}$}, we will write < $a_{1}$,.., $a_{n}$> for (V, B, .phi.) where the $a_{i}$=.phi.( $x_{i}$) are in U(R), and denote the space by the table [ $a_{ij}$ ] where $a_{ij}$ =B( $x_{i}$, $x_{j}$). In the case n=2 and B( $x_{1}$, $x_{2}$)=1/2 we reserve the notation [a $a_{11}$, $a_{22}$] for the space. A commutative ring R having 2 a unit is called full [10] if for every triple $a_{1}$, $a_{2}$, $a_{3}$ of elements in R with ( $a_{1}$, $a_{2}$, $a_{3}$)=R, there is an element w in R such that $a_{1}$+ $a_{2}$w+ $a_{3}$ $w^{2}$=unit.TEX>=unit.t.t.t.