• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.449-458
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• 2014

The heat transfer phenomenon was investigated in this study when a single round water jet with the low velocity and against the direction of gravity flows to the downward facing Isothermal of definite thickness circular plate. Experimental investigation is performed for a single round jet diameter 4mm, 6mm, and 8mm with the jet velocity 2.4m/s and jet fluid temperature of $24^{\circ}C$, varied the ratio of nozzle clearance/nozzle diameter (H/D)1, 2, 3, 6, and 8, on circular plate isothermal condition with $85^{\circ}C$. The local convection heat transfer coefficient distributions are analyzed based on the visualization of jet flow field. The effects of the diameter of Nozzle, the ratio of H/D and the ratio of nozzle diameter/circular plate diameter on heat transfer phenomenon are investigated. As a results of experiment is obtained correlation equation, $Nu_r=3.18Re_r^{0.55}Pr_r^{0.4}$.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.449-456
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• 2012

For two well-known modulation methods, stepwise current modulation (SCM) and pulse width modulation (PWM), the effects of driving current modulation conditions on chromaticity were experimentally investigated in a white LED lighting system. For the experimental implementation of both SCM and PWM, a white LED lighting was fabricated using phosphor converted (PC) white light emitting diodes (LEDs) and a driving circuit module was developed. By using them, the variations of illuminance, color coordinates, and spectrum were evaluated under various forward current conditions. Through the analysis in color coordinates, yellow shift in SCM and blue shift in PWM were observed on chromaticity diagrams with increasing average driving current. In addition, in order to analyze color deviation quantitatively, color distance before and after current increase, and the correlated color temperature (CCT) were calculated. As a result, for the white LED lighting in both modulation conditions, the maximum difference in the calculated CCT was obtained close to 1000 K. It means that careful consideration is required to be taken in the design of illumination systems to avoid serious problems such industrial accidents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.449-458
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• 2016

The temperature data were measured for two years in a bridge specimen and the bridge in service nearby in order to calculate the effective temperature for thermal loads in steel box girder bridge. The maximum and minimum effective temperatures were calculated in the bridge specimen and the bridge according to air temperature in 2014, 2015 and 2years. The effective temperatures calculated in this study were compared the Euro code and the Highway Bridge Design Criteria. The coefficients of determination in the maximum effective temperature and the Euro code for 2 year were calculated from R = 0.927, R = 0.894 in a bridge specimen and the bridge respectively. Those of minimum temperature and the Euro code were analyzed from R = 0.992, R = 0.813 in two bridge respectively. Also, the results were evaluated as being very similar, or slightly increased as compared with the maximum temperature of the Korean Highway Bridge Design Code(Limit State Design).

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.449-457
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• 2021

Photosynthesis and respiration rate of microalgae are important factors during advanced wastewater treatment research using microalgae, There are several equipments and measurement methods for measuring photosynthesis and respiration, with different challenges that occur during pretreatment and stabilization of the analysis process. Therefore, in this study, for accurate Photosynthesis and Respiration (P&R) analyzer measurement, the analysis process was divided into pre-processing, DO stabilization, and analysis stages and each was optimized to enable accurate evaluation. For this purpose, the effect of DO saturation of the sample on P&R analysis, DO stabilization according to the degassing flow rate, and photoinhibition of the OD level on photosynthesis was investigated. Based on our study results, when DO was supersaturated, photosynthetic efficiency decreased due to photorespiration, making it inappropriate as a P&R sample. In addition, 0.5 L-N2/min level was the optimal nitrogen degassing flow rate for DO desaturation. The inhibition of photosynthetic efficiency by self-shading caused by the increase in OD was observed from OD 2.0, and it was found that P& R analysis is preferably performed on samples with OD less than 2.0. In addition, based on the above three optimization results, an optimized P&R Analyzer instruction for accurate P&R analysis was also presented.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.449-450
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• 2002

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.449-472
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• 2015

Let X be a nonempty set and $\mathcal{F}$(X) be the set of nonempty finite subsets of X. The paper deals with the extended metrics ${\tau}:\mathcal{F}(X){\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}$ recently introduced by Peter Balk. Balk's metrics and their restriction to the family of sets A with ${\mid}A{\mid}{\leqslant}n$ make possible to consider "distance functions" with n variables and related them quantities. In particular, we study such type generalized diameters $diam_{{\tau}^n}$ and find conditions under which $B{\mapsto}diam_{{\tau}^n}B$ is a Balk's metric. We prove the necessary and sufficient conditions under which the restriction ${\tau}$ to the set of $A{\in}\mathcal{F}(X)$ with ${\mid}A{\mid}{\leqslant}3$ is a symmetric G-metric. An infinitesimal analog for extended by Balk metrics is constructed.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.449-455
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• 2009

In this paper, we developed a digital gait analyzer using the triaxial accelerometer(TA). An approach for normal gait detection employing decay slope peak detection(DSPD) algorithm was presented. The TA was attached to the center of the waist of a subject. The subject walked a bare floor at 60, 92 and 120 steps/minute. We analyzed vertical axis acceleration signal for gait detection. At 60, 92, 120 steps/minute walking, detection accuracy of gait events were over 99 % accuracy.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.443-449
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• 2009

최근 USN과 소형 임베디드 장치에 IP 스택을 구현한 결과들이 활발히 소개되고 있으며 Non-IP 기반의 USN이나 임베디드 장치와는 차별화된 요소에 대한 논의도 함께 진행되고 있다. 집중화 되어 있던 자원이 IP기반 기술을 통해 컴퓨팅 환경, 서비스 환경이 분산되어 가고 있듯이 제한된 자원을 갖는 센서 노드에 IP가 부여 되었을 때 호스트 중심의 형태와는 다른 형태의 구성이 가능하게 되고 이를 통한 새로운 서비스 패러다임으로의 전환을 기대하고 있다. 이에 본 논문은 IP가 부여된 센서노드, 소형 임베디드 장치로 구성 가능한 서비스 구조를 제안하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.8767-8775
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of career-related stress, commitment to a career choice and career decision self-efficacy of college students. The participants were 293 college students in P city. Data were collected by using self-report questionnaires from May 6 to 29, 2015. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson,s correlation coefficient and Hierarchical regression analysis by SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. The career-related stress was negatively correlated with commitment to a career choice (r=-.731, p<.001) and career decision self-efficacy(r=-.449, p<.001). The influencing factors of career-related stress were grade(${\beta}$=.99, p<.017) and commitment to a career choice(${\beta}$=-.707, p<.001). This study concludes that it is necessary to develop education program to improve commitment to a career choice and career decision self-efficacy.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.446-449
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• 2017

인터넷의 보급과 동시에 데이터의 누적으로 생성된 수많은 빅 데이터의 활용을 통해 수 없이 많은 개인에 대한 분석과 추천이 가능해졌다. 그중 영화는 현대인의 문화로 자리 잡으며 수많은 데이터의 누적이 이루어 졌으며 계속해서 누적되어가고 있다. 이런 누적된 데이터를 통해서 개인에게 맞는 영화를 추천하는 협업필터링 시스템을 R을 통해 분석하고 Cold Start 문제를 개인화 요인으로서 보안하여 보다 신뢰성 높은 추천 시스템을 제안 한다.