• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.557-565
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 무인 쿼드콥터의 자율 비행 제어를 위해 기반이 되는 위치 인식을 위하여 EKF-SLAM 기반 위치추정 알고리즘을 제안하고 이를 쿼드콥터의 궤적 추종 제어에 적용하여 시뮬레이션을 통해 위치 추정의 성능과 이를 통한 궤적 추종의 결과를 검증하였다. 쿼드콥터의 EKF-SLAM 기반 위치 추정을 위해 쿼드콥터 비행 동역학 모델을 수립하고 이를 기반으로 EKF-SLAM의 운동 모델 및 관측 모델을 유도하였으며 궤적 추종을 위한 쿼드콥터의 수평제어와 자세제어를 위해 PD 제어기를 적용하였다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 궤적 및 랜드마크 환경에 대해 EKF-SLAM 기반 위치 추정 성능을 시뮬레이션함으로써 EKF-SLAM을 이용한 위치 추정 기반 궤적 추종 제어의 성능을 확인하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2016

The accuracy of small and low-cost CCD cameras is insufficient to provide data for precisely tracking unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This study shows how a quad rotor UAV can hover on a human targeted tracking object by using data from a CCD camera rather than imprecise GPS data. To realize this, quadcopter UAVs need to recognize their position and posture in known environments as well as unknown environments. Moreover, it is necessary for their localization to occur naturally. It is desirable for UAVs to estimate their position by solving uncertainty for quadcopter UAV hovering, as this is one of the most important problems. In this paper, we describe a method for determining the altitude of a quadcopter UAV using image information of a moving object like a walking human. This method combines the observed position from GPS sensors and the estimated position from images captured by a fixed camera to localize a UAV. Using the a priori known path of a quadcopter UAV in the world coordinates and a perspective camera model, we derive the geometric constraint equations that represent the relation between image frame coordinates for a moving object and the estimated quadcopter UAV's altitude. Since the equations are based on the geometric constraint equation, measurement error may exist all the time. The proposed method utilizes the error between the observed and estimated image coordinates to localize the quadcopter UAV. The Kalman filter scheme is applied for this method. Its performance is verified by a computer simulation and experiments.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제23권2_2호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2020

We consider the problem of autonomously flying a quadcopter in indoor environments. Navigation in indoor settings poses two major issues. First, real time recognition of the marker captured by the camera. Second, The combination of the distributed images is used to determine the position and orientation of the quadcopter in an indoor environment. We autonomously fly a miniature RC quadcopter in small known environments using an on-board camera as the only sensor. We use an algorithm that combines data-driven image classification with image-combine techniques on the images captured by the camera to achieve real 3D localization and navigation.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.379-387
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• 2013

This paper describes a scheme of motor control for Quadcopter with Android phone instead of a dedicated controller. Basically, user's requests (channel and speed) are inquired and transferred to the Quadcopter with Android phone, then the embedded Linux system receives them and controls the motor speed of corresponding channel. We have designed and implemented an App. for user interface and the modules of device driver and timer ISR for the motor control. Finally, we have up-loaded the App. and the modules to an Android (ver.4.0) phone and ARM processor (S3C6410)-based embedded board respectively, and reviewed the functional correctness by testing the motor control of Quadcopter.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose a four 2-link robotic leg landing system that is used for leveling the bottom of the landing system, even when the quadcopter posture is changed. The case of conventional skid type landing gear has a risk when the quadcopter lands on a moving vehicle because the skid type landing gear is tilted to the landing site at this situation. To solve this problem, it is necessary to level the bottom of the landing system when the quadcopter posture is changed in the flight. Therefore, the proposed landing system used a four 2-link robotic leg with leveling method. The leveling method was derived from the method of determining a plane. The superiority of the proposed system was verified with 6-axis stewart platform and real flight experiment, and it shows feasibility of leveling method and proposed landing system.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2018

The experimental results are presented of an autonomous flight algorithm of a foldable quadcopter with airdrop launching functions. A foldable wing structure enabled the quadcopter to be inserted into a rocket container with limited space. The foldable quadcopter was then separated from the rocket in the air. The flight pattern was tracked using a global positioning system (GPS) with various sensors, including an inertial measurement unit (IMU) module until a designated target position was reached. Extensive field tests were conducted through an international rocket competition, ARLISS 2017, which was held in Black Rock Desert, Nevada, USA. The flight trajectory record of the experiments is stored in electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) embedded in the main control unit. The flight record confirmed that the quadcopter successfully separated from the rocket, executed flight toward the target for a certain length of time, and stably landed on the ground.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.431-438
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• 2016

본 논문은 자가발전형 쿼드콥터를 설계하고 제작한 내용을 다룬다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 자가발전형 쿼드콥터는 전자기유도원리를 이용해 설계된 두 가지 발전장치를 통해 추가 전력을 얻는다. 첫 번째 발전장치는 상용 BLDC모터와 프로펠러를 결합해 함께 회전시켜, BLDC모터를 발전기처럼 활용해 전력을 생산하는 장치이다. 두 번째 발전장치는 프로펠러의 회전축에 작은 자석들을 포함한 프레임을 결합해 함께 회전시켜 코일이 감긴 보호링에서 전력을 생산하는 장치이다. 본 발전장치들은 상용 쿼드콥터 프로펠러 하단에 장착되어 실용적인 발전을 할 수 있으리라 기대된다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.438-446
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose an intelligent three-legged landing system that can maintain stability and level even on rough terrain than conventional four-legged landing systems. Conventional landing gear has the limitation that it requires flat terrain for landing. The 3-leg landing system proposed in this paper extends the usable range of the legs and reduces the weight, allowing the quadcopter to operate in various environments. To do this, kinematics determine the joint angles and coordinates of the legs of the two-link structure. Based on the angle value of the quadcopter detected via the IMU sensor, the leg control method that corrects the posture is determined. A force sensor attached to the end of the leg is used to detect contact with the ground. At the moment of contact with the ground, landing control starts according to the value of the IMU sensor. The proposed system verifies its reliability in various environments through an indoor landing test stand. Finally, in an outdoor environment, the quadcopter lands on a 20 degree incline and 20 cm rough terrain after flight. This demonstrates the stability and effectiveness of the 3-leg landing system even on rough terrain compared to the 4-leg landing system.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.32-37
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• 2015

무인항공기는 조종사 없이 지상에서의 원격조종에 의해 스스로 비행하는 비행체이다. 하지만 무인항공기는 제어가 쉽다는 장점이 있지만, 어떤 한 지점 위를 정지하여 비행하는 호버링 기능을 할 수 없다는 단점이 있다. 그에 비해 무인항공기 중 하나인 쿼드콥터는 동작원리가 간단하고 호버링이 가능하고, 비행의 안정성이 높다는 장점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 쿼드콥터의 안정화 비행을 위한 PID 제어 방식과 Fuzzy 제어 방식을 이용하는 비행 안정화 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 시스템은 자이로 센서와 가속도 센서의 결합을 통해 드론의 현재 자세 값을 알아낸 후 자세 제어 알고리즘을 통해 안정화 비행을 실시한다. 또 GPS 센서를 이용하여 현재의 위치를 외부조작 없이 유지하는 위치고정 모드를 제안한다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2015

Recently, research and interests in pilotless and radio-controlled quadcopters have increased due to military, hobby, and air-photo applications. However, quadcopters are fragile and can very easily to break when they crash. Therefore, it is necessary to create a protective device such that these devices can protect the main board, motor, and propellers from outside impacts. In this paper, a protective device for a quadcopter is designed in the form of a circle to disperse shock. Also, a dropping and impact simulation was performed to verify that the quadcopter can be efficiently protected when using the proposed device, created with the commercial finite element software Solidworks.