• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.80-86
• /
• 2013

Knotworking represents a distributed collaborative expertise in pursuit of a task that is organized among designers from different design disciplines. Construction processes involve phases and tasks that cannot be solved in one organization only, as integration of expert knowledge from various sources is needed. Through knotworking, groups of people, tasks and tools are set to work intensively for a short period of time to solve a problem or accomplish a task. Knotworking requires intensive collaboration across organizational boundaries and hierarchies. The practice of knotworking has been developed and applied in the development of healthcare organizations, libraries and school-university relationships, but it has not previously been applied in the construction industry. In this paper, we describe the concept of knotworking and the findings of a case study that we completed in the Finnish construction industry. We will also compare the similarities and differences of the Big Room and knotworking in terms of participants, duration, target, space/infrastructure, benefits and challenges. Finally, we present some suggestions for further research and experimentation on knotworking in construction projects.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제10권8호
• /
• pp.3498-3511
• /
• 2016

We investigate the channel state information (CSI) in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) cooperative networks that employ the amplify-and-forward transmission scheme. Least squares and expectation conditional maximization have been proposed in the system. However, neither of these two approaches takes advantage of channel sparsity, and they cause estimation performance loss. Unlike linear channel estimation methods, several compressed channel estimation methods are proposed in this study to exploit the sparsity of the MIMO cooperative channels based on the theory of compressed sensing. First, the channel estimation problem is formulated as a compressed sensing problem by using sparse decomposition theory. Second, the lower bound is derived for the estimation, and the MIMO relay channel is reconstructed via compressive sampling matching pursuit algorithms. Finally, based on this model, we propose a novel algorithm so called sparsity adaptive expectation maximization (SAEM) by using Kalman filter and expectation maximization algorithm so that it can exploit channel sparsity alternatively and also track the true support set of time-varying channel. Kalman filter is used to provide soft information of transmitted signals to the EM-based algorithm. Various numerical simulation results indicate that the proposed sparse channel estimation technique outperforms the previous estimation schemes.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.107-113
• /
• 2015

본 논문은 되먹임 집합 문제인 무방향 그래프의 정점과 간선, 방향 그래프의 노드와 호 문제들 중 간선 문제에 한정한 최소 원소개수 되먹임 간선 집합과 최소 가중치 되먹임 간선 집합 문제의 최적 해를 다항시간으로 얻는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 그래프의 간선 집합은 최대신장트리 간선 집합과 최소 되먹임 간선집합의 합이 되는 특성을 적용하였다. 즉, 최소 되먹임 간선집합은 최대신장트리 간선 집합의 여집합인 특성이 있다. 제안된 알고리즘은 최소신장트리를 얻는 Kruskal 알고리즘을 변형시켜 간선들의 가중치를 내림차순으로 정렬시켜 사이클이 발생하지 않는 간선은 최대신장트리 간선 집합 MXST로, 사이클이 발생하는 간선은 되먹임 간선 집합 FES로 양분하는 방법으로 최적 해를 얻었다. 제안된 알고리즘은 그래프의 간선 수 만큼 수행하는 선형시간 복잡도를 갖는 특징이 있다. 간선 가중치가 없는 경우와 가중치가 있는 다양한 무방향 그래프에 제안된 알고리즘을 적용한 결과 100% 쉽게 최적 해를 얻는데 성공하였다.

• 정보교육학회논문지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.529-540
• /
• 2014

우리는 수 과학 영재 고등학생들의 정보과학 창의성 향상을 위한 효과적인 정보과학 교수-학습 방법을 제안하였다. 학생들은 현실적 응용문제를 해결하는 정보과학 팀 프로젝트의 수행을 통하여 창의적 문제해결 능력과 팀워크 능력을 향상할 수 있다. 이러한 교육목표를 효과적으로 달성하기 위하여 기본과정과 응용과정으로 구성되는 2단계 정보과학 수업 방법과 체계적 프로젝트 수행 단계를 설계하고, 소규모 협력 학습 전략과 입체적 평가 방안을 적용하였다. 논문에서 제안한 프로젝트 기반 교수-학습 방법의 학습 효과를 분석한 결과, 정보과학 창의성의 지적 정의적 및 사회적 영역에서의 효과적인 교육 목표 달성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.75-94
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 2011년 수학과 국가수준 학업성취도 평가에서 다문화 탈북가정 학생들에게 차별기능을 하는 문항이 있는지를 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 먼저 Simultaneous Item Bias Test(SIBTEST) 방법과 MantelHaenszel(MH) 방법으로 다문화 탈북가정 학생들에 대한 차별기능문항을 추출한 결과, 초 중 고등 세 학교급에서 8개의 문항이 추출되었다. 이 문항들은 다문화 탈북가정 학생들의 학업성취 정도와 특성을 나타내는 객관적인 자료로서 기능할 것이다. 또한 추출된 각 문항을 질적으로 분석한 결과 다문화 탈북가정 학생들에게 차별기능을 한 잠재적인 원인을 탐색한 결과 언어 능력, 계산 및 문제 해결 과정의 복잡성, 교육과정의 일치 여부, 문제 상황 등이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문은 다문화 탈북가정 학생들을 위한 교육 정책을 수립하고 교수 학습 방법을 구안하는 데 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• 인문언어
• /
• 제5권
• /
• pp.55-74
• /
• 2003

The issues concerning the nature of the attitude toward the study of national language may vary from country to country, depending on the national or racial characteristics. The problem domains and the methodologies dealing with them may vary accordingly. Ever since the Korean language was equipped with a writing system in the year of 1443 through King Sejong's long-cherished desire, investigations have been constantly made into the real nature of the language itself in pursuit of a better method for representing the spoken language in written form. This is how the study of the Korean language began to take shape. Among such investigations are Hunmin-jeong-eum(the Korean script: 1446) compiled by Jiphyon-jon, the royal office of schloarly researches, Doongguk-jeonghun-yokhun (the orthodox script of Korean: 1448), Hongmu-jeonghun-yeokhun(interlinear gloss for the Chinese script of the Ming Dynasty: 1455), An Orthodox Approach to Written Korean (1909) by the institute of the National Script, Re Standardized Spelling System (1933) by Chosun Language Society, An Authorized Dictionary of Standard Korean (1936), How to Write Borrowed Words(1940), and A Grand dictionary of Korea (1947-57). Chu Shi-Gyung's Phonetics of the Korean Script(1908), Korean Grammar(1910), and Sound Patterns of Korean(1914) were all written in this vein; so was Choi Hyun-Bae's Uri-mal-bon (the rudiments of Korean Grammar: 1929/1937). All these achievements in the study of the Korean language are the end-products of the constant endeavor to solve the issues related to the spoken and written farms of the Korean language. And this is how the uniqueness and autonomy of the language study in korea have been established. It should be borne in mind, however, that, in seeking solutions to the problems inherent in the Korean linguistic studies of foreign countries. On the contrary, they have been very active in accommodating such results. While they have set up their problem domains on the basis of the korean language, they been progressively open-minded in looking for the solutions to the problems at hand.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.347-356
• /
• 2017

희소 표현을 이용한 얼굴 인식 방법론은 강인성이 입증된 우수한 얼굴 인식 방법으로 알려져 있다. 이 방법론의 단점은 $L_1$-노름 최적화 문제를 통해 희소해를 구하는 과정에서 많은 시간이 소요되어 실시간 응용 분야에 적합하지 않다는 것이다. 통상적인 $L_2$-노름 최적화 문제를 통해 얻어진 희소해는 희소성이 결여되고 정확도가 떨어져서 희소 표현을 이용한 인식 방법론에는 사용되고 있지 않다. 우리는 본 논문에서는 탐욕적인 방식으로 $L_2$-노름 최적화 문제를 푸는 ROMP 방식을 도입해 희소해를 구하는 방법을 제안하고, 실험을 통해 제안한 방식이 정확도에서 기존 방식과 유사하며 속도는 60배 이상 빠름을 보였다. 또한, 희소 표현기반인식 방법론으로 희소해의 분포만을 고려하여 분류하는 단순한 방식인 C-SCI 방법론을 제안하였다. 이 방법론은 테스트 데이터를 복원하는 기존 방식과 성능 면에서는 유사하나 속도 면에서는 약 5배 빠름을 실험적으로 입증하였고, 이론적인 복잡도 분석 결과도 제시하였다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.447-457
• /
• 2015

This study has attempted to find the teaching methods for the elementary students with low science achievement by examining the differences of science learning motivation, academic stress and stress coping styles and the characteristics shown in the relationship between them. To achieve this, the differences of science learning motivation, academic stress and stress coping styles of the elementary students with low science achievement and their relationship was set up as a study problem. A science learning motivation using a science learning motivation questionnaire reconfigured with PALS along with underachievers diagnosis were measured targeting 660 elementary students located in Seoul. Using an academic stress questionnaire and stress coping style questionnaire, an academic stress and stress coping styles were measured. The results of analyzing the collected data are as follows. First, a science learning motivation of elementary students with low science achievement was lower than the general students but the academic stress was shown higher. Especially, the self-efficacy of science learning motivation was significantly lower and the school stress was highest. For stress coping styles, a tendency of passive and avoidment coping styles were shown higher than the general students. Second, among the science learning motivation of elementary students with low science achievement, the self-efficacy motivation and school stress have shown a negative correlation but had a positive correlation with the goal-oriented motivation centered on ability. In the correlation between the science learning motivation of elementary students with low science achievement and the stress coping styles, the pursuit of social support coping styles have shown a significant positive correlation with the science learning motivation and its subcategories. As a result of conducting a regression analysis on the influence of academic stress and stress copying styles on the science learning motivation of elementary students with low science achievement, among the academic stresses, the school stress was shown to have the biggest influence. Among the stress coping styles, the pursuit of social support coping styles had the biggest influence on the science learning motivation followed by active coping behaviors, passive and avoidment coping behaviors. Low science learning motivation as underachievement factors of elementary students with low science achievement was identified as having a relationship with high school stress and undesirable stress copying styles. Therefore, guidance and a program are required for the elementary student with low science achievement to have desirable stress coping methods on the stressful situations. In addition, for the improvement of science learning motivation, a learning environment is needed for the elementary students with low science achievement with seeking of relevant educational methods.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.289-307
• /
• 2010

The problem of model selection arises in a number of contexts, such as subset selection in linear regression, estimation of structures in graphical models, and signal denoising. This paper studies non-asymptotic model selection for the general case of arbitrary (random or deterministic) design matrices and arbitrary nonzero entries of the signal. In this regard, it generalizes the notion of incoherence in the existing literature on model selection and introduces two fundamental measures of coherence-termed as the worst-case coherence and the average coherence-among the columns of a design matrix. It utilizes these two measures of coherence to provide an in-depth analysis of a simple, model-order agnostic one-step thresholding (OST) algorithm for model selection and proves that OST is feasible for exact as well as partial model selection as long as the design matrix obeys an easily verifiable property, which is termed as the coherence property. One of the key insights offered by the ensuing analysis in this regard is that OST can successfully carry out model selection even when methods based on convex optimization such as the lasso fail due to the rank deficiency of the submatrices of the design matrix. In addition, the paper establishes that if the design matrix has reasonably small worst-case and average coherence then OST performs near-optimally when either (i) the energy of any nonzero entry of the signal is close to the average signal energy per nonzero entry or (ii) the signal-to-noise ratio in the measurement system is not too high. Finally, two other key contributions of the paper are that (i) it provides bounds on the average coherence of Gaussian matrices and Gabor frames, and (ii) it extends the results on model selection using OST to low-complexity, model-order agnostic recovery of sparse signals with arbitrary nonzero entries. In particular, this part of the analysis in the paper implies that an Alltop Gabor frame together with OST can successfully carry out model selection and recovery of sparse signals irrespective of the phases of the nonzero entries even if the number of nonzero entries scales almost linearly with the number of rows of the Alltop Gabor frame.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.79-91
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 고등학생이 인식하는 친구지지, 가족건강성과 자기통제력의 관계를 분석함으로써 자기통제력을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 모색하며 가정과 학교에서 고등학생을 지도하는 데 있어 기초적인 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 고등학생들의 친구지지와 가족건강성은 중간값(3.0)보다 높았고, 자기통제력 중 장기적인 만족을 추구하는 정도는 중간값보다 높고, 즉각적인 만족을 추구하는 정도는 중간값보다 낮았다. 둘째, 친구지지는 성별에 따라 유의미한 차이가 나타났고, 가족건강성은 생활수준과 부모의 학력에 따라 부분적으로 차이가 나타났다. 또한 자기통제력은 성별과 부학력에 따라 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 셋째, 가족건강성과 자기통제력 사이에 유의한 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났고 친구지지와 자기통제력 사이에는 유의한 상관이 나타나지 않았다. 넷째, 자기통제력에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 변인들은 역할공유 및 문제해결력, 의사소통 및 가족유대, 부학력이었으며, 이 변인들은 자기통제력을 15% 설명해 주었다. 이와 같은 연구 결과를 살펴볼 때 고등학생의 자기통제력에는 가족건강성의 영향력이 크다는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 가정의 역할이 중요하므로 가족 간의 유대를 강화하고 긍정적인 의사소통을 하도록 가정과교육을 강화하며, 고등학생의 자기통제력을 증진시킬 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하여 제공할 필요가 있다.