• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.915-918
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• 2004

By bioassay-guided separation, an already known saponin, Pulsatilla saponin D was isolated from the root of Pulsatilla koreana Nakai as a antitumor component when evaluated by in vivo antitumor activity as well as in vitro cytotoxic activity test. It showed potent inhibition rate of tumor growth (IR, 82％) at the dose of 6.4 mg/kg on the BDF1 mice bearing LLC cells.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 1996

To search herbicidal compounds in Pulsatilla koreana Nakai, methanol extract of P. koreana roots was purified by sequences of XAD-7 column chromatography, silica gel adsorption column chromatography, silica gel flash column chromatography, preparative layer chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography(Prep, HPLC).The final Prep. HPLC gave two herbicidally-active fractions. These fractions treatment at 100ppm inhibited the root length of Echinochloa crus-galli seedlings by 48% and 60% as compared with the control, respectively. Components in the two active fractions were analyzed by GC-MS Spectrometry. These compounds, which were isolated from P. koreana roots, were identified as several fatty esters, hydrocarbons, squalene, evidonol, and a diazepin analogue.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.170-173
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• 2009

Leaf and petiole explants of Pulsatilla koreana NAKAI were cultured on MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of zeatin, kinetin or BAP combined with 0.05 mg/L IAA. After 6 weeks of culture, effects of cytokinin on adventitious shoot formation from explants were investigated. The highest frequency of shoot formation was obtained when petiole explants were cultured on medium with 0.5 mg/L zeatin and 0.05 mg/L IAA. Regenerated shoot were transferred on to root induction medium. The best root formation was observed at 1/2 MS medium with 1.5 mg/L NAA. Rooted plantlets were transplanted to a mixture of perlit and soil (1:3), where they were successfully acclimatized.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.6-8
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• 2011

'BaegDuOng(白頭翁)' is one of the Chinese crude drugs used mainly as a pruritus, arthritis, cough and abdominal pain. The botanical origin of the crude drug has never been studied pharmacognostically. To clarify the botanical origin of 'BaegDuOng', the morphological and anatomical characteristics of Pulsatilla species growing in Korea, i.e. Pulsatilla koreana Nakai and P. cernua (Thunb.) Spreng. were studied. As a result, BaegDuOng from Korea was proved to be the root of Pulsatilla koreana.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2016

Extraction and fractionation of Pulsatilla koreana flowers followed by, repeated open column chromatography for EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions yielded four flavonoid glycosides, namely, astragalin (1), tiliroside (2), buddlenoide A (3), and apigenin-7-O-(3"-E-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside (4). The chemical structures of these flavonoid glycosides were elucidated on the basis of various spectroscopic methods including electronic ionization mass spectrometry (EI-MS), 1D NMR ($^1H$, $^{13}C$, DEPT), 2D NMR (gCOSY, gHSQC, gHMBC), and infrared (IR) spectrometry. This study represents the first report of the isolation of the flavonoid glycosides from the flowers of P. koreana.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.81-81
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• 2005

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.379-398
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• 1991

In order to investigate the ecotypic variations of pulsatilla koreana nakai distributed in korea, 8 local populations of the plant were selected in accordance with latitude and compared on the differences of leaf shape, elongstion, stomatal distribution and dhlorophyll content. The incised angle of the plant is 38。32' in cheju, showing a great difference as compared with 23。77'-30。 32' of the other sites. as to the incised rate, mt. togyu and cheju representsed relatively high values of 49.04% and 48.21% the parted leaved individuals were only observed along the warm current coastal area including cheju, sokcho and sunchon and were 54(62.8%), 2(2.5%) and 3(3.3%) in the sites, respectively. Especially, the individuals consisting of only parted learves were 5(5.8%) in cheju alone and none of the other sites showed such individuals at all. So p. cernua distributed in cheju and p. koreana in inland area can be considered to beecotypic variations of the same species from the upper investigations. According to the elongations of leaf and rachis, the local populations could be classified into 3 types, such as warm current coastal area type(cheju,sunchon and sokcho),southern inland area type(andong, chungju and mt. togyu)and central inland ara type(mt. komdan and hongchon). The dentate numbera of 39.80-43.73 in the warm current area were also different from those of 87% in mt.togyu and 15% in hongchon, while opposite leaflets account for 100% in the other sites. The content of chlorophyll ranged from 0.609 mg/g. d.w.(cheju)to 0.924 mg/g.d.w.(hongchon), showing an increasing trends as the latitudes grow higher. The number of stomata on the low epidermis is much larger than that on the upper epidermis in the whole area. But both aspects showed an increasing tendency, too as the latitude becomes higher.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.280-284
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• 2010

During liver fibrosis, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) undergo a complex activation process characterized by increased proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition, which is the major pathological feature of hepatic cirrhosis. Therefore, suppression of HSCs activation has been proposed as therapeutic strategies for hepatic fibrosis. We tried to screen the antifibrotic activity of natural products employing HSC-T6, hepatic stellate cell lines as an in vitro assay system. In the present study, we investigated the antiproliferative activity of aerial parts and roots of Pulsatilla koreana Nakai (Ranunculaceae). Our present study shows that roots of P. koreana exerted more strong inhibitory activity compared to its aerial parts. In addition, among the fractions of the aqueous methanolic extract of P. koreana roots, both n-hexane and $CHCl_3$ fraction showed the strong inhibitory activity on HSC proliferation. Further study also demonstrated that the n-hexane and $CHCl_3$ fraction of P. koreana roots significantly inhibited the HSC proliferation in time- and concentration-related manners.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2018

Background: This research was performed to investigate the effects of Pulsatilla Koreana NAKAI pharmacopuncture (PPA) therapy on intestinal disease in rats with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Methods: The subjects were divided into five groups : A control group, saline group, pharmacopuncture group PPA1 ($0.2mg/1kg/40{\mu}{\ell}$), pharmacopuncture group PPA2 ($0.5mg/1kg/40{\mu}{\ell}$), and pharmacopuncture group PPA 3($1mg/1kg/40{\mu}{\ell}$). The experimental model of colitis was induced by infection of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for eighteen days. After colitis was induced, PPA therapy was practiced on the Chunchu (ST25) once every two days for a total six times. Thereafter Disease Activity Index (DAI), colon length, damage to the colonic mucosa, body weight, IL-6, IL-10, $IL-1{\beta}$, $IFN-{\gamma}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, $TGF-{\beta}1$, IL-23 and IL-17 were measured. Results: The results were as follows. 1. DAI was significantly decreased in the PPA groups. 2. Colon length was significantly increased in the PPA groups. 3. Damage of colonic mucosa was observed less in the PPA groups. 4. Body weight was significantly increased in the saline group and the PPA groups. 5. The PPA2 group showed a significant decrease in the intensity of IL-6, $IL-1{\beta}$, $IFN-{\gamma}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ levels and the mean of IL-23. 6. The PPA3 group showed a significant increase in the intensity of IL-10 and $TGF-{\beta}1$ levels. 7. No significant differences were shown in the mean of IL-17. Conclusion: These results suggest that PPA therapy on Chunchu (ST25) can be used as an effective treatment for inflammatory bowel disease.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.1159-1164
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• 2010

Several triterpenoid saponins from root of Pulsatilla koreana Nakai (Ranunculaceae) were studied and their biological activities were reported. It is difficult to analyze triterpenoid saponins using HPLC-UV due to the lack of chromophores. So, evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) is used as a valuable alternative to UV detection. More recently, a charged aerosol detection (CAD) has been developed to improve the sensitivity and reproducibility of ELSD. In this study, we developed and validated a novel method of high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a charged aerosol detector for the simultaneous determination of four triterpenoid saponins: pulsatilloside E, pulsatilla saponin H, anemoside B4 and cussosaponin C. Analytes were separated by the Supelco Ascentis$^{(R)}$ Express C18 column (4.6 mm ${\times}$ 150 mm, 2.7 ${\mu}m$) with gradient elution of methanol and water at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min at $30^{\circ}C$. We examined various factors that could affect the sensitivity of the detectors, including various concentrations of additives, the pH of the mobile phase, and the CAD range. Linear calibration curves were obtained within the concentration ranges of 2 - 200 ${\mu}g$/mL for pulsatilloside E, anemoside $B_4$ and cussosaponin C, and 5 - 500 ${\mu}g$/mL for pulsatilla saponin H with correlation coefficient ($R^2$) greater than 0.995. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.04 - 0.2 and 2 - 5 ${\mu}g$/mL, respectively. The validity of the developed HPLC-CAD method was confirmed by satisfactory values of linearity, intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision. This method could be successfully applied to quality evaluation, quality control and monitoring of Pulsatilla koreana.