• 대한간호학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.249-259
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• 2023

Purpose: Based on the Reserve Capacity Model, this study investigated the effects of pre- and postmenopausal women's socioeconomic status (SES) on depression, focusing on the mediating effects of self-esteem, happiness, and family relationship satisfaction with social network relationships. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved secondary analysis of national data on 771 perimenopause women gathered from the 16th Korea Welfare Panel Study (KOWEPS) 2021. A path analysis model was constructed to evaluate the relationship between SES, social network satisfaction, self-esteem, perceived health status, and depression. Data were analyzed using ADANCO 2.3.1 and Mplus 8.4. Results: Although SES had no direct effect on depression, it did affect depression through self-esteem, happiness, and satisfaction with family relationships. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that perimenopausal women's personal resources—psychosocial variables such as self-esteem and happiness—had a higher effect on depression than tangible reserves like SES. Therefore, interventions for enhancing self-esteem and happiness may prevent depression in perimenopausal women effectively.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Background: Firefighting involves exposure of firefighters to risks related to this activity, serious injuries, and occupational diseases are recorded. There are other consequences such as thermal and emotional stress. This systematic review is proposed in order to analyze the risks and consequences faced by these workers and thus provide elements to improve safety management systems in institutions. Method: A descriptive observational study of systematic literature review on the risks and consequences of exposure to firefighters' activity was proposed, and the information was analyzed and described based on the available data and according to the variables determined. Results: The studies showed data on mechanical, physical, chemical, psychosocial risks, workers' perception and resilience, and epidemiological data. Information related to firefighters' activity on falls and slips, exposure to noise, and high concentrations of carbon monoxide is detailed. In addition, the relationship between burnout, cognitive, and physical fatigue as adverse effects on health and performance is mentioned. Conclusions: Among the preventive measures, the use of personal protective equipment is suggested, incorporation in prevention programs of information on exposure to risk factors, as well as the implementation of models that can predict the perception of workers, additionally, the generation of management systems with safety climate models for fire departments.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.3-6
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• 2010

The British guideline for early management of persistent low back pain, published in 2009, indicated that physicians should offer exercise or medication, rather than radiological interventions or injections, as first choice of treatment in the patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, there had been great controversies regarding the effectiveness of interventional treatment of patients with CLBP. Both somatic (discogenic, instability, etc) and psychosocial factors contribute to the pathophysiology of chronic low back pain (CLBP). Although it can be difficult in many occasions, thorough interview with the patients and specific diagnostic approaches can help us to identify which is the main etiology in individual patient. With the recent progress in medical radiology and development of new therapeutic modalities, some subgroups of patients of CLBP caused by somatic factors appear to be good candidates of interventional therapy. Interventional therapy can be considered in patients with CLBP caused by annulus rupture, facet joint degeneration, disc degeneration, and vertebral column instability. Among other subgroups of CLBP, carefully selected patients with disc degeneration show the most favorable result by interventional therapy. In this regard, discogenic pain, either as a form of CLBP or acute discogenic radiculopathy, seems to be a good indication of interventional therapy. Because many spine specialists generally consider those with radiculopathy are easier to be treated, patients with CLBP tend to be subjects of conventional conservative therapy. For these reasons, clinicians should make their best effort to identify every possible somatic cause in patients with CLBP before regarding them as hypochondriacs. In this review, some of the recent evidence on the role of interventional treatment in patients with CLBP will be discussed, and some of our cases who showed favorable results by interventional therapy will be presented.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.687-694
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• 2012

Objective: This study aims to survey the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders(MSD) among Korean hospital workers and to analyze the relationship of MSD symptoms and workload perceived by workers. Background: Despite of high exposure to the MSD risk factors and high MSD symptom prevalence among health care workers, there were not enough studies of MSD prevalence among the hospital workers. Method: This study designed a survey based on Nordic questionnaire to obtain MSD symptoms and the degree of four perceived workloads: work repetition, urgency, physical exertion and satisfaction. In this survey, 1,846 workers in a hospital participated. The prevalence of MSD was analyzed for each body part, and MSD cases, which were predetermined in this study, were identified. The relationship between the MSD cases and each perceived workload was analyzed using chi-square test. Results: The pain in the shoulder was the most prevalent among the workers as 52%, and the low back(37%) and leg discomfort(36%) followed. The MSD cases, in which degree of pain was more than severe, were also the most prevalent in the shoulder(13%). Female workers had higher rate of MSD cases than the males. Among the four workload variables, the physical exertion was the statistically related to MSD cases for all the body parts. In addition, the others also had significant relation to MSD cases except one or two body parts. Conclusion: This study found that Korean hospital workers had MSD symptoms mainly in the shoulder, low back and legs in order, and the perceived workload surveyed in this study was highly correlated with MSD symptoms. Application: This study provides another evidence that subjective physical exertion perceived by workers is an important factor to explain MSD cases as same as the objective one.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.483-492
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare anxiety, depression and quality of life according to the severity of urinary incontinence in married women. Method: The participants were 168 married women aged 30-65 years who experienced urinary incontinence. The data were collected from May to July, 2006 using a structured questionnaire. Frequencies, percent, means and standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, $X^2-test$ and Scheffe test with SPSS win 14.0 program were used to analyze the data. Results: The distribution of urinary incontinence severity was mild 87.5%, or moderate 12.5%. Significant differences in the severity of urinary incontinence were found for the general characteristics of age, education level, having a job and having a spouse and for the obstetric characteristics of type of delivery, and menopause. Differences in the score for anxiety(t=-2.41, p=0.001) and quality of life(t=5.50, p<0.001) according to the severity of urinary incontinence were statistically significant. Conclusion: Women with moderate to severe urinary incontinence should be screened for psychosocial factors. Severity of urinary incontinence in married women negatively affects their quality of life. Further research is needed to determine factors predicting the quality of life for incontinent women.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.111-124
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• 2001

This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of pain, self-esteem, perceived health status, and self-efficacy and its influencing factors in patients with chronic arthritis. The data were obtained from 104 patients with chronic arthritis registered in one university hospital in Seoul, from May to August, 2000. For analysing the data, SAS program was used for t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows: 1. The variables which showed significant difference with pain were sex, number of painful joints. 2. The variables which showed significant difference with perceived health status were age, diagnosis. number of painful joints. 3. The variables which showed significant difference with self-efficacy were duration of disease, number of painful joints. quality of sleeping. 4. Moderate negative correlation were observed between pain and perceived health status, self-efficacy, and low positive correlation was observed between self-esteem and perceived health status. Also self-esteem revealed moderate positive correlation with self-efficacy, and moderate positive correlation was observed perceived health status and self-efficacy. 5. The predictors to explain self-efficacy were number of painful joints, self-esteem, duration of disease, duration of exercise and pain. These predictors explained $36.05\%$ of variance of self-efficacy. In conclusion, the nursing intervention to improve self-efficacy for chronic arthritis patients focused not only physiological symptoms such as pain. but also psychosocial factors such as self-esteem.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.123-136
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to define the structure and characteristics of the time shared with parents and children. The three specific questions are asked. (1) How much time do parents and children share with? (2) What kind of effects do the demographic factors and the psychosocial factors have on the time shared with parents and children? (3) And how can the families be classified into different types according to the time shared with parents and children? For the empirically proved answers the 161 full0time housewife couples and the 174 wife employed couples in Seoul and Kyoungki-do are surveyed with a self reported time diary and a structured questionare. Such statistical methods as frequency percentage mean tobit analysis cluster analysis oneway ANOVA and Ducan's multiple range test are used to analize the data Main findings from this empirical study can be summarised like this. First the two largest parts of the time shared with parents and children are eating and TV atching. Second the eldest child's age degree of wife's education the number of children wife's employment status family income degree of the family cohesion the couple's attitude toward marriage and role salience are significantly related to the various kind of time shared with parents and children. Third the families are classified by the time shared with parents and children into three types. type 1: the family shared least time with type 2: the family shared passive leisure with type 3: the family shared active leisure with. Type 3 has very distinctive characteristics. This type of family's eldest child is youger than any other family's and this type of family has a full time housewife. And their family cohesion is higher and their couple's relationship is oriented more companionship.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.3-9
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• 1994

암의 원인, 과정 및 예후와 심리적 특성 또는 행동변인들(behavioral variables) 사이에 연관성이 있는지, 있다면 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 아직 결정적인 증거는 제시되지 않고 있다. 이에 대해서는 동질(homogeneous)집단을 대상으로 치밀하게 고안된 전향적 (well-designed, prospective) 연구계획을 통하여 장기간의 추적조사가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 암환자에서 나타나는 정신과적 문제에 신속하게 대처하기 위하여 종양전문의와 정신과 의사간의 긴밀한 자문체계가 수립되어야 할 것이다. 정신종양학 분야에서 정신과 의사의 역할과 연구의 촛점은 다음과 같이 될 수 있다. 1. 암 예방: 원인적 측면에서 암의 발생과 연관되는 것으로 알려진 정신사회적, 요인들을 감소 또는 제거시키는 역할(예를 들면 스트레스, 흡연, 주정중독 등). 2. 암 치료: 1) 암의 각종 치료에서 환자의 순응(compliance)을 강화시켜 주는 역할. 2) 암환자에서 병발한 정신장애의 치료. 3) 암환자의 동통이나 오심 등의 치료. 4) 암환자의 삶의 질(quality of life)에 대한 지각을 향상시키도록 도와주는 역할. 3. 암 연구: 1) 암의 발생 또는 암환자의 생존에 영향을 미치는 정신사회적 요인들의 조사. 2) 심리반응 또는 정신사회적 요인들과 면역반응사이의 연관성 조사. 3) 암환자에서의 정신치료와 인지-행동치료의 효과규명. 4) 화학요법제 또는 방사선치료가 정신병리와 인지기능에 미치는 영향 조사 등.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.155-173
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• 2018

Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is an unwanted adverse event in any operation. It leads to functional limitations and psychological trauma for patients, and leaves the operative team with feelings of failure and humiliation. Therefore, it is crucial that preventive strategies for CPSP are considered in high-risk operations. Various techniques have been implemented to reduce the risk with variable success. Identifying the risk factors for each patient and applying a timely preventive strategy may help patients avoid the distress of chronic pain. The preventive strategies include modification of the surgical technique, good pain control throughout the perioperative period, and preoperative psychological intervention focusing on the psychosocial and cognitive risk factors. Appropriate management of CPSP patients is also necessary to reduce their suffering. CPSP usually has a neuropathic pain component; therefore, the current recommendations are based on data on chronic neuropathic pain. Hence, voltage-dependent calcium channel antagonists, antidepressants, topical lidocaine and topical capsaicin are the main pharmacological treatments. Paracetamol, NSAIDs and weak opioids can be used according to symptom severity, but strong opioids should be used with great caution and are not recommended. Other drugs that may be helpful are ketamine, clonidine, and intravenous lidocaine infusion. For patients with failed pharmacological treatment, consideration should be given to pain interventions; examples include transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, botulinum toxin injections, pulsed radiofrequency, nerve blocks, nerve ablation, neuromodulation and surgical management. Physical therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy and lifestyle modifications are also useful for relieving the pain and distress experienced by CPSP patients.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.111-117
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• 1986

1986년 6월부터 동년 8월까지 대구직할시 및 경북지역에 소재된 9개 양로원에 재원한 296명의 노인을 대상으로 진단적 면담검사(DIS) 중 기질성 뇌증후군 척도를 사용하여 평가한 결과는 다음과 같다. (1) OBS척도에서 기질성 뇌증후군 범주에 속하는 노인은 100명(34%)이었고 남자노인 10명(15%), 여자노인 90명(39%)이었으며, 이중 노인성 치매에 속하는 노인은 12명(4%)이었다. 2. 사회정신의학적 요인들과 기질성 뇌증후군 성적의 상호관계는 나이가 많은 경우, 학력이 낮은 경우, 군 단위 이하에서 출생한 경우, 무직으로 지낸 경우, 무교인 경우, 입원 경험이 없는 경우에 기질성 뇌증후군의 빈도가 높았다.