• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.339-349
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• 2013

The primary purpose of this research was to set up the standard guidelines for the planning of interior architectural environments of the detention facilities at the Korean Police Stations. By visit-studying the actual interior environmental conditions of 5 different kinds' domestic Correcting Facilities and 5 domestic police detention facilities and 2 foreign police detention facilities, comparing them to the existing Korean correctional institutions' cell facilities, that the strengths and weaknesses had been analyzed to extract the main concepts and the planning scheme for the Standard Korean Police Detention Facilities. By reserching the National human Right Commitee's Anual Reports, three different indexes were picked out for those analysis : the Environmental control index, the Detention Service support index, the Environmental support index. These three indexes will be used as Key factors for the planning of interior architectural environments of the detention facilities at the Korean Police Stations.: (1)the Environmental control index to establish the Space Program, the Spatial Hierarchy and the horizontal & vertical Security Blocks, (2)the Detention Service support index for the central Environmental Control & Security System, the Secured Privacy for both detainees & police offices, (3)the Environmental support index for the gender-respected segregation of cell zones, the psychological & physical safety design factors, the construction standards of all rooms in a detention facility. The result of this study should be used as the guidelines for "The Standard Plans and Regulations for the Korean Police Detention Facilities" to respect fundamental human rights.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.316-329
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to identify various predictors of smoking behavior among female adolescents. Data for this study was collected from 357 students enrolled in a female high school, a coeducational high school, and a vocational high school in Seoul from 1st to 20th July 1999 and this data was analysed based on descriptive statistics and logistic regression with the SAS program. The results were as follows: 1. The proportion of current smokers was 17.9% and experienced smokers was 34.2% in girl high schools. 2. According to the factors family, school, peer, social learning, and psychological factors, the predictable variables are lack of family attachment and function in family factors, school involvement in school factors, associating with smokers among peers and modeling and differential reinforcement of smoking in social learning factors, self-assertiveness, self-esteem, and depression in psychological factors. 3. According to all the factors, the main predictors were peer association, differential reinforcement of smoking, and lack of family attachment. These variables cause 48.4% of smoking behavior. To prohibit smoking among female students, this society should develop a program to focus on peer leadership about quitting smoking, acquirement of skills of refusal for smoking, counter conditioning, reinforcement management, and support system about nonsmoking.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2022

As the COVID-19 situation continues, early childhood are unable to attend early childhood education institutions and are spending more time with their parents at home. Parents are faced with a situation where they have to spend a lot of time at home to teach their children for Korean word learning or play activities. This act as a lot of psychological burden and stress for parents. In order to relieve the psychological burden of parents, the design and implementation of early childhood learning assistant system that can support Korea word education and play activities using artificial intelligence blocks of block coding technique was proposed in this study. The usage of a proposed system can not only reduce the burden on parents for their children's learning, but also can be actively used in the field of early childhood education so many learning effects can be expected.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.411-422
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is twofold : (i) to investigate how much effort the married couples are making for the good health of both the pregnant woman and her unborn child from the time of their marriage to and during the period of conception : and (ii) to comprehensive investigate socio-cultural back-grounds which affect prenatal effort. Result of this study provide a basis for the prenatal care program which will be appropriate to our culture. This study has been done by the ethnographic research method. The subjects of this study are 53 people in all consisting of 33 pregnant women and 20 husbands. In order to investigate socio-cultural factors which influence Taegyo, producers of Taegyo music were interviewed. In addition the researcher surveyed the markets of Taegyo music, participated in special courses of prenatal education, analyzed the content of the books and periodicals dealing with Taegyo, and collected the concept of Taegyo distributed by the mass media. The full-fledged study continued for eight months from February to August.1996. The data were analyzed as soon as they were collected. Spradly's(1979, 1980) developmental, sequential method of domain analysis. taxonomic analysis, componential analysis, and theme analysis in this order was adopted as the procedure of analyzing the data. To obtain the exactness of study, Sandelowski's (1986) four criteria, that is, Credibility, Fittingness, Auditability, and Confirmability were applied to all stages of data collection, data analysis, the interpretation of the result, and the description of the result. The following are the result : 1. The couples' Taegyo at the stage of preconception was related to their physical, psychological, spiritual conditions under which a healthy baby will be born. Specific methods they prefer are : "the choice of one's spouse." "physical check-up," "physical good health, " "praying, " and so on. 2. When the marriod couple have sex in order to conceive, their Taegyo was related to the imposition of their physical, psychological, and environmental conditions. Specific methods they prefer are : "having sex at specific time, " "having sex in nice place." "to purify their minds while having sex," and so on. 3. The married couples' Taegyo while they are in pregnancy was related to the imposition of their physical. psychological, emotionmental. environmental, social and spiritual conditions. Specific methods they prefer are : "listening to music. " "reading," "looking at beautiful things only," "to avoid looking at or listening to bad things." "to eat food in good shape, " "to avoid drugs," "eating Korean herbal medicine." "sexual abstinence," "to avoid dangerous places," "to keep emotional tranquility," "moderate exercises and rest." "leading a pure life." "praying." "being aware of their words and behavior." "for the couple to keep a good relationship." "interaction with their unborn child," "to support Taegyo for pregnant women," and so on. 4. The married couple put Taegyo into practice on the basis of the following principles : the principle of respecting an unborn child, the principle of forming a good disposition. the principle of top-down parental love, the principle of synergy between a pregnant woman and her unborn child, the principle of expecting a good child, the principle of forming a good habit, and the principle of acquiring a parental role. 5. The practice of Taegyo is influenced by such factors as the married couple, the supporting system, and the mass media. As the husband -and-wife factor, their information of Taegyo, the degree of importance is assigned to their characters, their time to spare, their healthiness, the age of pregnant woman, their conception plan, their religion, their belief of the Taegyo effects, and the birth of a baby in this order. The factor of the supporting system consists of her husband's support, her family support, and her neighbor's support. The mass media factors include the broadcasting media, books specialized in Taegyo, periodicals for pregnant women, booklets for advertizing powdered milk, Taegyo music of record manufacturing companies, and the teaching materials for gifted children. Among these the mass media is especially taking advantage of Taegyo as its main source of economic profits are leading the public behavior pattern to a prodigal one. Taegyo is a self-control behavior which requires practice for the following : the physical and psychological good health of the pregnant woman and her unborn child, the development of the unborn child's good character, the development of the unborn child's intelligence and talents, the expectation of the unborn child's good features. shape a good habit, the expectation of the unborn child's bright future, and the learning of a parental role, the expectation of male birth. Above all it is a type of our good cultural tradition which pursues a value higher than the one that the prenatal care does. The principles of pregnancy care inherent in the habit of Taegyo will provide us a guideline for the development of the prenatal care.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.103-139
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• 2002

Korean society has significantly changed with the onset of a dramatic economic crisis in 1998. From 2000, however, the Korean economy has recovered and currently Korea is enjoying a similar standard of living and economic growth as the pre-1998 levels. This study is a follow-up analysis, comparing the results examining the success attribution of Korean students and adults in 2001 with the results obtained before the economic crisis in 1997. Using the indigenous psychological approach, this study compares the similarities and differences in Korean students and adults' attribution of their personal success before and after the economic crisis. A total of 988 participants, consisting of 481 primary, junior high, senior high and university students and 507 adults (236 fathers and 271 mothers of the students) completed the questionnaire developed by Kim and Park (1998). The results indicate that students perceived their academic achievement and adults perceived successful family life as their most proud achievement. Successful family life included items such as academic success of children, healthy development of their children, and harmonious family life. The person who provided the most significant support for students were parents and for adults, it was their spouse. For students, the importance of friends' social support increased during the high school years. In terms of type of social support, emotional support was reported to be the most important for both students and adults. As for the reason for their success, majority of students and men reported self-regulation and for women, supportive family environment was reported as being the most important. Comparing 2001 results with the 1997 results, the importance of family increased after the economic crisis. Even with the dramatic economic crisis, however, some of the underlying pattern remain strong (such as importance of academic achievement for students, family life for adults, the importance of social support, especially emotional social support from family members, and believing that self-regulation would lead to success). The similar pattern of results obtain before and after the economic crisis indicate that the above results reflect a fundamental values and belief system deeply imbedded in Korean mentality.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.77-94
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• 2020

While the importance of the service industry has increased at the national economy level, the service rate and job satisfaction of the flight attendants in the aviation service industry are not high. In this regard, this study aims to recognize what factors can reduce their job stress in the emotional work environment, and how job stress affects their attitude and job performance. More specifically, the current study tries to investigate how flight attendants' positive psychological status affect their job stress, organizational commitment, and knowledge sharing in the aspect of job performance. The main five constructs in these interrelationships include the flight attendants' positive psychological capital, leader-member exchange(LMX), job stress, organizational commitment, and knowledge sharing. This study conducted a quantitative research with 390 questionnaire for flight attendants, and analyzed the data using SPSS/PC version 20.0 and structural equation modeling program of AMOS 20.0. The findings show that the favorable leader-member exchange relationship between flight attendants plays a significant role in lowering job stress, while high job stress has a negative effect on organizational commitment and knowledge sharing. The result also shows that personal positive psychological capital acts as a trigger to influence other factors. Therefore, this study suggests that it is essential for airlines not only to promote an organizational system to support the flight attendants' emotional work but also to maintain a positive psychological state for securing competitive human resources.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.86-92
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• 2014

This paper provides an integrated view on human and system interaction in advanced and automated systems, which adopting computerized multi-functional artifacts and complicated organizations, such as nuclear power plants, chemical plants, steel and semi-conduct manufacturing system. As current systems have advanced with various automated equipments but human operators from various organizations are involved in the systems, system safety still remains uncertain. Especially, a human operator plays an important role at the time of critical conditions that can lead to catastrophic accidents. The knowledge on human error helps a risk manager as well as a designer to create and control a more credible system. Several human error theories were reviewed and adopted for forming the integrated perspective: gulf of execution and evaluation; risk homeostasis; the ironies of automation; trust in automation; design affordance; distributed cognition; situation awareness; and plan delegation theory. The integrated perspective embraces human error theories within three levels of human-system interactions such as affordance level, psychological logic level and trust level. This paper argued that risk management process should dealt with human errors by providing (1) reasoning improvement; (2) support to situation awareness of operators; and (3) continuous monitoring on harmonization of human system interaction. This approach may help people to understand risk of human-system interaction failure characteristics and their countermeasures.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.333-340
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• 2022

The COVID-19 has made everyone anxious and people need to keep their distance. It is necessary to conduct collective assessment and screening of college students' mental health in the opening season of every year. This study uses and trains a multi-layer perceptron neural network model for deep learning to identify facial emotions. After the training, real pictures and videos were input for face detection. After detecting the positions of faces in the samples, emotions were classified, and the predicted emotional results of the samples were sent back and displayed on the pictures. The results show that the accuracy is 93.2% in the test set and 95.57% in practice. The recognition rate of Anger is 95%, Disgust is 97%, Happiness is 96%, Fear is 96%, Sadness is 97%, Surprise is 95%, Neutral is 93%, such efficient emotion recognition can provide objective data support for capturing negative. Deep learning emotion recognition system can cooperate with traditional psychological activities to provide more dimensions of psychological indicators for health.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.43-48
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• 2008

One of the most important factors in determining the quality of living environment is daylighting. Especially its influence in the psychological and biological life of human beings cannot be underestimated. Therefore, lots of researches have been given to develop a more efficient daylighting system. The sunlighting system, one of many developed systems, has been developed and applied in various ways. However, the high cost of sunlighting system has been the most difficult stumbling-block in making it commercial. However, as domestic apartment houses tend to be more luxury, life environment becomes a very important factor more than cost in building apartment house. Therefore, it would be possible to adopt sunlighting system in the non-window areas such as a restroom in an apartment house. This research is a preliminary work in order to measure a possibility of applying sunlighting system in an apartment house. In order to do so, I measure Sunlight Illuminance Ratio in various areas of apartment house. As a result, in case of a residential-commercial building, areas such as kitchen, restroom, and entrance are relatively weak-lighting areas. In case of a traditional apartment house, restroom and entrance are relatively weak-lighting areas. For that reason, a special lighting support is needed in these areas.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.237-264
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the level of social integration of the person with physical disabilities based on independent living paradigm according to life span and to find factors affecting social integration and therefore to make policy implications for a better rehabilitation system. The data was obtained through telephone interviews with physically disabled residing in the city of Seoul and the suburb area of the city. The final sample consists of 591 respondents. The data was analyzed through frequency, oneway anova, pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression. In this study, social integration based on independent living paradigm was divided into separate but related dimensions: autonomy of activity daily living, accessibility, economic level, degree of social support satisfaction, consumer control, psychological empowerment. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, the levels of six dimensions of social integration based on independent living paradigm were very different and especially the level of dimensions such as degree of social support satisfaction and consumer control were lower than other dimensions of social integration. Second, each level of social integration by life span was very different. Finally, the factors affecting social integration were socio-psychological traits such as social support, rehabilitation services, self esteem and acceptance of disability as well as the attribution to disability. The current findings suggest that improving nay only ADL or accessibility but also consumer control or social support should be considered by professional and policy makers. And differentiated intervention and policy according to life span necessary to policy makers and field practitioners.