• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.303-325
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• 2004

This study investigated subtypes of men who batter, and explored the differences among them. It was based on 217 subjects from all around the nation who received legal punishment. In the analysis of the typology, we specifically tested whether the Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart proposed typology was verified. The results of the cluster analysis revealed support for their theoretical distinction for three types of abusers. These results imply that Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart's batterer typology is applicable to Korean batterers to some degree. Type 1 men demonstrated the lowest levels of physical and psychological abuse toward their wives and were the least likely to have had a history of child abuse or alcohol problems. These men had lower MCMI scores and did not show any extraordinary personality traits. Men in this category were violent only against their wives, had relatively liberal sex role attitudes and had the most satisfaction in their intimate relationships. Type 2 men were violent only at home, using a moderate level of violence. These men had very high levels of dependency on others and showed a borderline, avoident or passive-aggressive personality. The amount of alcohol consumption was similar to Type 1, but scores of jealousy, self-esteem, and attitudinal variables were similar to Type 3 men. They lacked assertiveness skills and reported the least marital satisfaction. Type 3 men used the most severe violence and were violent both inside and outside the home. These men showed signs of antisocial and aggressive personality. They had experienced frequent physical abuse during childhood, were the most likely to abuse alcohol and had lower self-control. Type 3 were the most traditional in their views of women's roles and had attitudes supporting violence. Based upon the study findings, practical implications of enhancing treatment efficacy were considered.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.111-119
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• 2018

This study was conducted to evaluate the converge effects of the Be Happy and Strong (BeHaS) exercise program on female elders living alone, using a nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design. The BeHaS exercise program was conducted twice each week for 4 weeks (total 8 sessions). The outcome measures included pain, shoulder flexibility, grip strength, depression, and suicidal ideation. Independent t-test, Chi-squre test, paired t-tests and ANCOVA were used for the statistical data analysis. A statistically significant improvement emerged in pain (t=4.044, p=.000) and right and left shoulder flexibility (t=2.192, p=.038 and t=2.568, p=.016) 4 weeks later. In a group comparison, a statistically significant difference arose in changed scores of suicidal ideation (F=7.32, p=.010) between groups. The BeHaS exercise program may effectively improve the physical and psychological health of female elders living alone.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.462-467
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• 2019

Many studies in recent decades have revealed that olfactory stimulation by perfume or malodor inhalation exerts various psychological and physiological effects on humans. The most recent studies have examined the electrophysiological response of olfactory stimulation on the activity of human cortical nerve cells. The purpose of this current study is to quantitatively analyze what changes occur in the alpha activity in healthy participants (N=12) on olfactory stimulation using two types of odors (acacia and butanol). Exposure to the odor of acacia perfume was associated with a significant increase (66.7%) in alpha activity when compared with that of the no-odor background EEG. Exposure to the odor of butanol was associated with a significant reduction (33.3% to 41.7%) in EEG alpha activity when compared with that of the no-odor control. The results of this study demonstrated the potential to alter the cerebral cortex activity by olfactory stimulation. The results also suggest that olfactory perception has stimulatory effects on the function of the nervous system. In other words, it could be concluded from this study that inhalation of olfactory stimulation affected brain wave activities and mood states. Further research is needed to completely understand and describe the electrophysiological effects of different odors on the central nervous system.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.201-213
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• 2008

This study was intended to examine the relationship between lifestyle and school uniform design modification in high school girls and provide basic data for guidance in the wearing of school uniform. The subjects of this study were 585 girls who were in the first and second grades of high schools throughout Gwangju. This study was executed using a questionnaire. The data from this study was processed using SPSS WIN 12.0(Kr). The results were as follows; This study hypothesized that the perception and attitude on school uniform modification would be significantly difference depending on lifestyles in high school girls. The significant differences appeared in a few items. So the results suggested that school uniform modification was a common that appeared in most high school girls. However it was affected by their lifestyle. specifically, a digital-dependence lifestyle group has a few different perceptions and attitudes on school uniform modification than the others. In other words, school uniform modification in high school girls who spend their most time in school is a general and universal clothing behavior by psychological factors rather than the effect of lifestyle. It is considered that rules concerning school uniform modification should allow students to express their individuality within certain limits. Teachers should instruct students to wear appropriate underwear rather than keep students under control with a fixed set of rules. If High school girls have a negative body image as a result of their exposed body, they should receive active educational guidance.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.479-487
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• 2019

The study sought to reveal the impact of focusing attitudes and cognitive emotion regulation on post-traumatic growth for adolescent athletes with trauma experiences. A preliminary survey was conducted on 215 middle and high school athletes in the S city and K provinces. The impact of focusing attitudes and cognitive emotion regulation on post-traumatic growth was verified using validated questionnaires. The results for the purpose and method of study are as follows. Focusing attitudes and cognitive emotion regulation of adolescent athletes affect post-traumatic growth. Positive reappraisal was the most influential factor affecting post-traumatic growth, followed by the factors influencing the aware, acceptance, accept, reflect and positive refocusing. In order to experience post-traumatic growth through the results of this study, it is important to understand the overall understanding and tactics of focusing attitudes and cognitive emotion regulation. Therefore, effective psychological training methods will be needed to positively control the level of focusing attitudes and cognitive emotion regulation among adolescent athletes.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.383-393
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• 2019

The present study was conducted to determine convergent factors affecting depression in drinker by age. This was a cross-sectional secondary data analysis study that used the raw data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2014 & 2016. The subjects of the present study were 4,446 middle-aged drinker. Variables related to general characteristics, physical and psychological factors were selected. After a sampling plan compound file was created using IBM SPSS 23.0 program, data were analyzed by giving weights. Depression was influenced by gender (30s, 50-60s), income (30-40s, 60s), education (30-40s), number of family members (30-60s), job (30-60s), eating level (30-40s, 60s), hypertension (40s), DM (30-40s), BMI (30-40s), smoking (30s, 50s), exercise (30s), weight control (60s), drinking binge (30-60s), subjective health (30-60s), subjective body awareness (30-50s), stress (30s-60s), quality of life (30-60s). It is required to design preventive interventions and management plans for depression, considering these factors comprehensively.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.100-113
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to confirm the characteristics of released prisoners through demographic and sociological variables and to investigate the effects of childhood traumatic experiences on family functioning and the mediating effects of anger expression method. For this purpose, Korea Rehabilitation Agency were selected and finally 400 released prisoners were analyzed. As a result, it appeared that anger expression method played a role of mediating variable when childhood trauma experience affects family functioning. Childhood trauma experience not only directly affects family functioning, but indirectly affects family functioning through anger expression method and the anger expression method played a role as partial mediating variable. Based on the results of this study, we emphasized the need for intervention and education for anger expression method in psychological counseling interventions to improve family functioning as a way to suppress the second offense of released prisoners with childhood abuse experience.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.155-162
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• 2019

Recent changes in corporate environment, both internal and external, have led to permanent restructuring, which has left baby boomers facing a serious threat to their jobs due to an unprepared involuntary retirement. In line with this period of time, resilience has become important in terms of overcoming the psychological hardships of retirement. In response, the study conducted a study on the effect of resilience on career path conversion among involuntary retirees of baby boomers. The effect on career conversion on the personal characteristics of baby-boomer retirees has been verified by significant differences in gender and job type. In addition, the results of verification of the effect of recovery elasticity on career path transition confirmed that recovery elasticity has a very significant effect on career path transition, and the positive effect of the positive factors among the lower factors was verified to have a very significant positive effect on situational perception, coping method and support, and it was confirmed that interpersonal ability also has an effect on positive effect. However, the ability to self-control did not have a significant effect. Thus, for baby boomers who have to prepare for career transformation after retirement, the resilience has been proven to be a very necessary ability to overcome their hardships and make successful adaptations, and it is expected that it will be very useful in the course of career transition counseling for baby boomers.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.133-156
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of emotion, home environment, school environment on self-regulated learning, focusing on motivational and behavioral regulation. Participants are 2070 students from 95 middle schools of Korean Children and Youth Panel Study(KCYPS). The variables of emotions, home environment, school environment and motivational regulation, behavioral regulation were analyzed using correlation analysis and multiple regression. The results were as follows. First, emotion, home environment, school environment were correlated with on motivational and behavioral regulation. Second, emotion explained motivational regulation and behavioral regulation of self-regulated learning as well as home envionment and school environment. All subvariables of emotion were significantly related to behavior control. Third, among subvariables of home environment, parents education and occupations, and annual household income were not significantly related to motivational regulation and behavioral regulation. However, home economic level perceived by students and parents' interest and abuse on students had great effects. Forth, school environment has a greater explanatory effect on motivational regulation and behavioral regulation. Particularly, friendships and relationships with teachers during learning activities had a significant effect. These results showed that emotion and psychological environment of learning environment are important variables affecting on self-regulated learning and suggests the need for researches on these variables.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.137-154
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• 2020

Psychological properties of learners have influence on learning behaviors in various ways. The purpose of this study was to examine how the goal orientation of learners affected the learning time distribution method. Regulatory focus and theories of intelligence were measured and manipulated in order to differentiate participants' goal-oriented state. Two variables are known to be key variables influencing learner's goal orientation, inducing the approach-avoidance strategy and mastery-performance oriented attitude. In the experiment, the control focus was divided into two groups based on the inclination test score (regulatory Focus Questionnaire, RFQ), and TOI(theory of intelligence) was temporally induced through manipulation to confirm the interaction between the two variables. Participants were able to determine the order of learning freely by learning a set of Spanish-Korean word pairs and then selecting the items they would like to re-learn. Word pairs consisted of difficult or easy items, and learners could learn the same word many times if they wanted to. In the results, promotion-incremental group showed allocating difficult word-pairs in early time.