• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.333-354
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• 2008

This study aimed to investigate the role of domain-specific causal mechanism information and domain-general conditional probability in young children's causal reasoning on psychology and biology. Participants were 121 3-year-olds and 121 4-year-olds recruited from seven childcare centers in Seoul, Kyonggi Province, and Busan. After participants watched moving pictures on psychological and biological phenomena, they were asked to choose appropriate cause and justify their choices. Results of this study were as follows: First, young children made different inferences according to domain-specific causal mechanisms. Second, the developmental level of causal mechanisms has a gap between psychology and biology, and biological knowledge was proved to be separate from psychological knowledge during the preschool period. Third, young children's causal reasoning was different depending on the interaction effect of domain-specific mechanisms and domain-general conditional probability: children could make more inferences based on domain-specific causal mechanisms if conditional probability between domain-appropriate cause and effect was evident. To conclude, it can be inferred that the role of domain-specific causal mechanisms and domain-general conditional probability is not competitive but complementary in young children's causal reasoning.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.10-21
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• 1994

The author reviewed the effect of psychological factors on the development and course of cancer. Cancer is a bilogical disease, but it also has a large number of psychological aspects. There have been no reports that specific personality types had tendency to cause cancer. In some studies, however, type A personality was reported to have relevance to a higher incidence of cancer and a better prognosis. And in other studies, type C personality was reported to have relevance to a higher incidence of cancer. It was reported that people who had strong tendency to control their anger and regarded the rationality and antiemotionality in their behavior as important things were susceptable to cancer. In the course of cancer, the patients who had more positive and aggressive attitude and 'fighting spirit' to their disease tended to have a better prognosis than those who accepted their disease as fate. Some studies showed that feeling of helplessness and loss of control had a negative offset on cancer. It was reported that, in the early stage of cancer, the psychological factors had great influence on the prognosis, but in the middle and late stage, the influence decreased. For the future studies, cancer should not be regarded as a single disease and a single condition. The kinds and stages of cancer should be difined for studies. The scales for psychological evaluation for cancer patients should be sensitive and selected carefully, considering the complexity of the cancer patients mind. The need for prospective studies is emphasized. Finally, as the cured cancer patients have great difficulties in returning to their work and daily life, rehabilitation of cancer patients is also emphasized.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2016

Recently, Live-Virtual-Constructive (L-V-C) integrate training system has proposed as a solution for the problems such as limitation of training areas, increase of mission complexity, rise in oil prices. In order to integrate each training system into the one effectively, we should solve the issue about stress of pilots by the environmental differences between Live and Virtual simulation which could be occurred when each system is connected together. Although it was already examined in previous study that the psychological effects on pilots was occurred by the environmental differences between actual and simulated flights, the study did not include what the causal factors affecting psychological effects are. The aim of this study is to examine which environmental factors that cause pilots' psychological effects. This study analyzed the biochemical stress hormone, cortisol to measure the pilots' psychological effects and cortisol was measured using Enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA). A total of 40 pilots participated in the experiment to compare the differences in pilots' cortisol response among live simulation, virtual simulation, and the virtual simulation applying three environmental factors (gravity force, noise, and equipment) respectively. As a result, there were significant differences in cortisol level when applied the gravity force and equipment factors to the virtual simulation, while there was no significant difference in the case of the noise factor. The results from this study can be used as a basis for the future research on how to make L-V system by providing minimum linkage errors and design the virtual simulator that can reduce the differences in the pilots' psychological effects.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.233-244
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• 2020

Purpose: The study investigated pain and falls as psychological factors in Total Knee Replacement patients and examined the relationship between these factors. Methods: Ninety-six total knee replacement patients aged 69.31±7.01 (male: 21, female: 75) participated in the study. Post-surgery pain was assessed on a visual analog scale, and fall risk scores were evaluated on fall fear and fall efficacy scales. Other psychological factors assessed included national anxiety and trail anxiety, fear prevention, Beck depression score, and psychological health measures. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Results: A statistically significant correlation was found between pain before surgery and FES fall fear score before surgery (p < 0.05). A statistically significant correlation was found between pain after surgery and PWBS fall fear score after surgery (p < 0.05). A statistically significant correlation was found between state anxiety and PWBS, Trail anxiety (p < 0.05). A statistically significant correlation was also found between trail anxiety and BDI, PWBS (p < 0.05). State anxiety and fear avoidance before surgery were found to affect trail anxiety, and pain before surgery and fall fear score before surgery were found to affect FES. In addition, PWBS was found to affect BDI. Conclusion: The study confirms that increased pain in Total Knee Replacement patients can be a risk factor for falls. In addition, fall fears increase fear avoidance and cause psychological deterioration. This suggests that efforts should be made to reduce pain and to manage psychological factors.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.203-212
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• 2019

본 연구는 학생조종사의 스트레스 요인이 정신건강에 미치는 영향을 파악하며, 스트레스 대처방식과 사회적 지지의 심리적 완충 역할의 확인을 통해 안전하고 효율적인 비행교육과 심리적 부조화를 감소시키고자 하였다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 선행연구를 근거로 하여 연구모형과 가설을 제시하였으며, 202명의 학생조종사를 대상으로 한 설문을 통해 회귀분석과 매개효과 검증을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 비행 스트레스, 가치관 스트레스, 교수관계 스트레스, 친구관계 스트레스의 요인이 정서상태 혹은 심리적 안녕감에 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 매개변수인 비관여 대처, 가족/지인 지지, 학교조직 지지가 학생조종사 스트레스와 심리적 건강의 요인에 매개효과가 있음을 파악하였다. 따라서, 학생조종사의 비행훈련, 가치관 혼란, 교수관계, 친구관계로 발생될 수 있는 문제와 부정적 감정을 잘 관리해야 할 필요성이 있으며, 가족과 지인의 감정적 지원과 비행과 관련된 훈련, 안전에 관한 학교의 지원이 주요한 사항임을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2018

Purpose: The etiology of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is complex and multifactorial including trauma, anatomical, pathophysiological, social and psychological factors. Psychological factors can induce or sustain TMDs in various ways. And psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression can be occurred due to TMDs. Therefore, evaluation of psychological factors in patients with TMDs is important. Although disc displacement (DD) is crucial in clinical situation, most of studies have focused on the relationship of psychosocial factors and myofascial pain. And also, Subtypes of DD can cause different degrees of discomfort, it is necessary to evaluate the psychological states of the patients according to the subtype. The Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) is one of the self-report questionnaire to evaluate the psychological factors. HADS-Anxiety (HADS-A) and HADS-Depression (HADS-D) are assessed through 14 questions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate anxiety and depression assessed by HADS in patients diagnosed with subtypes of DD according to diagnostic criteria for TMDs. Methods: Four hundred thirty nine patients were diagnosed as one of the subtypes of DD. One hundred fourty nine subjects with no symptoms were set as control groups. All of them answered the HADS for Koreans. The cut-off score for anxiety and depression was set a score of 8. The chi-square test was performed to evaluate association between DD and anxiety/depression. Results: There was a significant difference in HADS-D between five groups (p<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in HADS-A. All the DD groups showed a significant difference in HADS-D compared with the control group except the DD without reduction without limited opening group. The DD without reduction with limited opening group showed the highest rates in HADS-D (40.4%). Conclusions: Based on the above results, it is necessary to consider the depression in treatment of the patients with DDs.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 1999

목 적 : 본 연구의 목적은 간호사들의 심인적, 신체적 그리고 사회적 적응에 대한 교대근무의 영향을 조사하는데 있다. 방 법 : 299명(교대근무 179, 비교대근무 120)의 간호사를 대상으로 본 연구의 목적에 알맞게 고안된 56항의 설문지를 이용하여 조사하였다. 결 과 : 교대근무는 간호사들의 심인적, 신체적, 사회적 그리고 수면관련 요소에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있었다. 교대 근무 간호사들의 심인적, 신체적 건강에 대한 주관적인 인식이 비교대 근무자들에 비하여 유의하게 부정적이었다. 교대근무 간호사들은 비교대근무 간호사들에 비하여 교대근무와 관련된 사회생활의 장애 및 사회활동의 제한을 호소하고 있었고, 수면과 관련된 장애들을 유의하게 더 많이 호소하고 있었다. 결 론 : 본 연구결과는 교대근무가 정신생리적 기능의 일주기 리듬에 장애를 초래할 수 있기 때문에 교대근무자들의 정신적, 신체적 건강에 부정적인 영향을 줄 수 있음을 뒷받침 한다. 또한 교대 근무자들은 가족 및 일반적인 사회관계에서 여러움을 겪고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이상의 결과들은 교대근무의 부작용을 최소화하기 위한 적절한 대응전략이 필요함을 시사한다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.496-504
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• 2021

Background: With the increasing demand for industrial robots and the "noncontact" trend, it is an appropriate point in time to examine whether risk assessments conducted for robot operations are performed effectively to identify and eliminate the risks of injury or harm to operators. This study discusses why robot accidents resulting in harm to operators occur repetitively despite implementing control measures and proposes corrective actions for risk assessments. Methods: This study collected 369 operator-injured robot accidents in Korea over the last decade and reconstructed them into the mechanism of injury, work being undertaken, and bodily location of the injury. Then, through the techniques of Systematic Cause Analysis Technique (SCAT) and Root Cause Analysis (RCA), this study analyzed the root and direct causes of robot accidents that had occurred. Causes identified included physical hazards and complex combinations of hazards, such as psychological, organizational, and systematic errors. The requirements of risk assessments regarding robot operations were examined, and three case studies of robot-involved tasks were investigated. The three assessments presented were: camera module processing, electrical discharge machining, and a panel-flipping robot installation. Results: After conducting RCA and comparing the three assessments, it was found that two-thirds of injury-occurring from robot accidents, causative factors included psychological and personal traits of robot operators. However, there were no evaluations of the identifications of personal aspects in the three assessment cases. Conclusion: Therefore, it was concluded that personal factors of operators, which had been overlooked in risk assessments so far, need to be included in future risk assessments on robot operations.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2022

내부자의 정보 노출 사고가 지속해서 발생하면서, 조직 내부의 정보보안 강화에 대한 요구가 높아지고 있다. 그러나 엄격한 정보보안 정책 및 규칙이 조직원에게 적용될 때 정보보안 스트레스와 저항 행동으로 나타날 수 있다. 본 연구는 내부자의 정보보안 정책의 부정적 행동 원인과 완화 요인을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 특히, 개인(심리적 권한) 및 조직(공정성 분위기) 요인이 어떻게 상호 영향을 주어 부정적 행동을 완화하는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 연구는 정보보안 정책을 내부자에게 반영하는 조직의 근로자에게 설문하여 표본을 확보했으며, 구조방정식모델링으로 가설검증을 하였다. 분석 결과, 정보보안 관련 심리적 권한이 정책 저항에 미치는 영향을 업무 스트레스가 부분 매개 효과를 가졌으며, 공정성 분위기가 심리적 권한의 영향을 강화하였다. 연구 결과는 내부자의 정보보안 정책 저항 감소를 위한 방향성을 제시하였으므로, 조직 내부의 보안 목표 달성을 위한 전략 수립에 도움을 준다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.277-287
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• 2022

일상을 기록하는 동영상 브이로그가 온라인 소통의 주요한 영상 콘텐츠 양식이 되고 있는 현 시점에, 본 연구는 이러한 온라인 영상의 이용이 시청 몰입 심리 및 자기향상 태도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 살펴보고자 했다. 일상 공유를 통한 온라인 플랫폼 생산자 논의 및 자기결정성 이론을 바탕으로, 유튜브 브이로그의 정보 속성별 그리고 출연자 유형별 영향의 차이를 살펴보았다. 이용자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시한 자료의 분석 결과, 정보 속성(일과기록형 vs. 심층정보형) 및 출연자 유형(일반인 vs. 연예인)에 따른 유의미한 영향이 발견되었다. 일과기록형에 비해 심층정보형 영상을 시청할수록, 연예인 출연에 비해 일반인 출연 영상을 시청할수록, 수용자의 감정이입, 사회적 실재감 등의 시청 몰입이 높아졌으며, 자기성찰, 심리적 힘돋우기 등의 자기향상 태도 역시 높아지는 것으로 나타났다.