• 한국노년학
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.611-632
• /
• 2016

Solutions for elderly health issues need to be found that take into account not only a medical perspective, but also interactions with social conditions such as socioeconomic status. With this in mind, this study aims to understand how socioeconomic status leads to health inequalities for the elderly. Specifically, this study investigates the mediating effects of socioeconomic status(income and education levels), health activities as an intermediary of the three dimensions of physical health(medical health, functional health, subjective health), accessibility of medical facilities, social participation, and social network. To test the research model, a secondary data analysis was conducted on the 2014 National Survey of Senior Citizens. The participants of the study were 10,451 elderly men and women aged 65 and above. To test the mediated model, hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted following the procedures suggested by Baron and Kenny(1986). In addition, a Sobel test was conducted to test the mediated model's significance. According to the analysis, the effects of income and educational levels on the health of the elderly were not the same. Additionally, different results were found depending on health dimensions. However, the overall direction of the results showed that the socioeconomic status of the elderly creates health disparities, and health behaviors, accessibility of medical facilities, social participation, and social network had significant mediation effects between socioeconomic status and physical health. Study findings especially worth noting are as follows: education was shown to have a stronger effect on health than income; effects of social integration factors such as social participation were highlighted; and significant mediating effects on the accessibility of medical facilities remained even after taking residential area into account. Results of this study shed light on health inequality mechanisms due to socioeconomic conditions and the need to find alternatives to alleviate these problems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.623-634
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the structural relationship between parental attachment, behavior problem, and empathetic capabilities. For this study, the researcher chose the study participants among the North-Korean defector high school students who are currently attending high schools. The survey was conducted over the period from April 4 to June 10, 2020. A total of 257 questionnaires were used for this study. The data of this study were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. The findings of this study were as follows; First, the parental attachment of the juvenile North Korean defectors had a negative impact on delinquency. Second, the parental attachment of the juvenile North Korean defectors had a positive impact on empathetic capabilities. Third, the empathetic capabilities of juvenile North Korean defectors had a negative impact on delinquency. Fourth, in the relationship between parental attachment and delinquency, the empathetic capability was shown to have a significant mediating effect. This study showed that, in the perspective of social welfare or psycho-therapy, it is necessary to develop various programs to enhance the empathetic capabilities of juvenile North Korean defectors while helping them form a healthy attachment to their parents in order to reduce their delinquency.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parental participation motivation, satisfaction, and intention to reuse children with developmental disabilities using psychomotor centers. To this end, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the parents of children participating in psycho-exercise programs at a private developmental disability center located in the metropolitan area. The collected data was 188 copies, and the causal relationship was verified through descriptive statistics, factor analysis and reliability analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, the following conclusions were obtained. First, in the relationship between parental participation motivation and satisfaction with regard to psychological exercise participation of children with developmental disabilities, only pleasure and social factors were significant in use satisfaction, and only social, health and physical fitness factors in performance satisfaction showed a significant influence. Second, in the relationship between participation motivation and intention to reuse, there were significant influences on pleasure, skill development and sense of achievement, and social factors. Third, in the relationship between satisfaction and intention to reuse, intention to reuse was significantly explained in factors of satisfaction with use and satisfaction with performance. In order to increase the reuse rate of psychomotor centers in the future, it is judged that additional analysis is necessary in addition to the measurement variables of this study.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.592-608
• /
• 2022

This study conducted a group reminiscence program for the elderly who use the elderly daycare center. And this study verified the effectiveness of the elderly's mental health related quality of life to identify the relationship between the participating elderly and the non-participating elderly in a group reminiscence program. To this end, in order to examine the effectiveness of a group reminiscence programs for the elderly using the daycare center on MHRQoL, and the difference between the experimental group and the control group was compared with the non-equivalent control group pre-post test design. The research results are as follows. First, the experimental group that conducted the group reminiscence program in this study had a higher quality of life than the control group that did not participate the group reminiscence program. Second, significant results were found in vitality and mental health in the sub-factors of MHRQoL of the experimental group, and emotional role restriction and social function did not show significant results. Based on the results of this study, to develop and improve programs that encompass the entire sub-areas of MHRQoL, and to implement programs that positively affect the psycho-social intervention for the elderly persons. Finally, it was suggested to link and cooperate with senior welfare centers and general social welfare centers.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.99-111
• /
• 2022

Akey factor in evolution is reproduction, which is also a major concern in medicine. Evolutionists have proposed many theories and hypotheses to explain the low fertility rates of modern industrial societies, which are contrary to maximization of biological fitness. Given that childbirth is the most significant factor affecting reproductive fitness, it is likely that a variety of psychological modules related to childbirth behavior and intention evolved over time. Several evolutionary psychological modules have been proposed in relation to reproduction, including sexual desire, status-seeking, a need for nurturing, and the desire for children. Previously adaptive psychological modules may now be expressed maladaptively due to the discrepancy between the Environment of Evolutionary Adaptedness (EEA) and the environment of modern industrial society. Several evolutionary ecological factors influence childbirth intention in modern society, including individual personality factors, childhood life history experiences, and socioecological factors throughout reproductive life. By focusing on mental, social, and ecological factors, this review examines several hypothetical models relating to evolutionary psychological factors and childbirth decisions in modern industrial society, as well as a possible explanation for the low birth rate.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.779-791
• /
• 2010

This study was to examine the differential impacts of social experiences and conditions on health among men and women aged 65 years or older, using data of the "2004 Survey on living Status of the Korean Elderly". The outcome variables were any disability, self-rated health, multiple morbidity, and self-rated quality of life. Multiple Classification Analysis was used to test the differential exposure to social factors contributes to gender difference in health. Gender differences in vulnerability of each individual socioeconomic, psycho-social, and behavioral factors for health were assessed by comparing logit coefficients in men and women. I found that gender difference in exposure to social factors contribute to inequalities in health between older men and women, however, gender inequalities remained after controlling for differential exposure except in case of quality of life. In addition, gender differences in health were further explained by differential vulnerabilities to social factors between men and women. Findings of this study may affirm the importance of further and deeper investigation of gender differences in health in later life. Gender sensitive approach in health planning and polices for the elderly is also suggested.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.21-35
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to empirically verify the effects of spousal bereavement and complicated grief level on death anxiety of the elderly. The sample consisted of 1,998 adults who were aged 65 or older. Dependent variable was measured with the Death Anxiety Scale-Korean version (DAS-K). Independent variable was measured with both spousal bereavement and the Inventory of Complicated Grief-Korean version (ICG-K). Multiple regression analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0, adjusting for demographics, psycho-social and health variables. The results indicated that death anxiety level was lower among the bereaved with normal grief (p<.01) than non-bereaved. In contrast, death anxiety level was higher among the bereaved with complicated grief than non-bereaved (p<.01). The study result suggests that the most risky factor for death anxiety is complicated grief rather than the bereavement. Although the bereavement can be a universal experience, the severity and duration of symptoms after the bereavement may not be general. The unhealed emotional and physical pain after the bereavement stimulates death anxiety, and senior citizens who suffer from complicated grief often fail to integrate the bereavement and loss into reality, therefore, may not accept the death phenomenon itself. Anxiety and fear of death can emerge when they cannot acknowledge the bereavement. To manage complex sorrows and mitigate death anxiety, intervention programs should be provided to increase adaptability to the bereavement.

• Korean Journal of Health Psychology
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2011

Coercive treatment in mental health has undergone an immense period of philosophical and clinical debate and yet it remains as a highly important issue in which ideology and practice contradict each other. this study focused on the perceived coercion of the persons with mental disorder and analyzed how the characteristics of mental disorder(psychiatric symptoms, psycho-social functions, insight, and the degree of awareness on the need for treatment) and experiences in the process of hospitalization (legal status, coercive measures, and procedural justice) can predict perceived coercion. The participants of this study were 302 patients that has been hospitalized in the psychiatric ward within the period of 4 weeks. 195 participants(64.6%) were male and 106(35.1%) participants were female. MAES, BPRS, GAF, Insight, Legal Status, Coercive Measures, and Need for Treatment were measured. Regression analysis was used to analyze how much perceived coercion can be predicted by characteristics of mental disorder such as the patients' BPRS, GAF, insight, and need for treatment. As a result it showed that among the characteristics of mental disorder insight and awareness of the need for treatment were the main predictors and the characteristics of experiences during hospitalization such as procedural justice, coercive measures, and legal status all displayed significant predictability. As well as implications of results in a practical method of intervention to reduce perceived coercion, the paper discussed issues for limitations and future consideration.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.763-780
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine whether middle-aged people's anxiety about economic well-being in old age affects problem drinking and to verify whether there is relationship between anxiety about economic well-being in old age and to examine the problem drinking could be mitigated by social supports. We used the 2015 Korean Adults' Psycho-Social Anxiety Survey data. To detect the moderating effect of social supports, we employed a method of hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The result of the study showed that the higher the anxiety about economic well-being in old age among middle-aged adults, the higher was the likelihood of problem drinking. Moreover, the relationship between anxiety about economic well-being in old age and problem drinking could be moderated by social supports. Based on the empirical findings, this study suggests that education to deal with middle-aged people's anxiety about economic well-being in old age should be developed and recommends that counseling and community programs for social supports to be implemented as a preventive approach.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.1-27
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the persistent and dynamic association between bullying and victimization. Gender differences in patterns of school bullying was hypothesized based on the literature. Analysis were based on waves 3-6 of the Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey, a nationally representative data of primary and secondary school students in South Korea (N = 1,881). Autoregressive cross-lagged model was employed to identify the reciprocal association between bullying and victimization in longitudinal data. As hypothesized, regardless of gender, lagged effects were statistically significant between each time points such that current bullying caused future bullying and current victimization led to future victimization. However, there was no cross-lagged effects of current victimization on future bullying nor current perpetration on future victimization for both male and female youth. Findings from this study may have implications for designing policies against school bulling. Not only is short-term intervention for handling immediate psycho-social maladjustment important, but so are long-term plans that prevent youth from falling into continued perpetration and victimization in the system of school bullying.