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Effect of Drying Methods on the Quality in Lycii Fructus (구기자(枸杞子)의 건조방법(乾燥方法)이 품질(品質)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Cho, Im-Shik;No, Jae-Goan;Park, Jong-Sang;Li, Run-Huai
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.283-287
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    • 1996
  • As a part of studies on the quality control for drying methods in Lycii Fructus. Dried Lycii Fructus were obtained from several treatments to examine the control of the extracts and its physical properties, and also to analyze the inorganic elements and proximate compositions. The results were summerized as follows; the changes of solid matter contents dried at 50Cfor4hrsand60C50Cfor4hrsand60C for 28 hrs were highest. The changes of Hunter values were 66 in lightness, 5.0 in redness and 51.3 in yellowness, respectively in treatment No. 1. And also the viscosity of treatment No. 1. was some high compared to the other treatment. The desirable drying temperature were at 50C50C for 2hrs in initial and at 60C60C for 24hrs in final temperature and it was the best conditions as a quality, economics and chemical compositions of Lycii Fructus.

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Effect of Planting Depth on the Quality and Yield in Rehmannia glutinosa LIBOSCHITZ (지황(地黃) 재배시(栽培時) 복토(覆土) 깊이가 품질(品質) 및 수량(收量)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Choi, In-Sik;Park, Jae-Seong;Cho, Jin-Tae;Son, Suk-Yong;Chung, In-Myung
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.12-15
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    • 1995
  • This experiment was carried out to elucidate the effect of planting depth on the Quality and yield in Rehmannia glutinosa. Planting depths were 3,6,9 and 12cm, and planted on April 18. Emergence rate was decreased in the order of 86% in 3cm, 67% in 6cm, 37% in 9cm and 21% in 12cm. Leaf length was longer about 0.30.8cm0.30.8cm in planting depth 6-12cm than that of 15.6cm in planting depth 3cm. Yield of Rehmannia glutinosa were lower 5% in planting depth 6cm, 62% in 9cm and 68% in 12cm than that of l,154kg/10a in planting depth 3cm. And optimum planting depth was considered 6cm.

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Fertilizer on Growth Characteristics and Yield of Fritillaria thunbergii Miquel (비료종류(肥料種類)에 따른 패모(貝母)의 생육(生育) 및 수량(收量))

  • Choi, In-Sik;Park, Jae-Seong;Lee, Je-Hong
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.147-153
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    • 1997
  • This experiment was carried out to clarify the effect of different fertilizer on growth and yield of Fritjllaria thunbergii in Chungbuk Rural Development Administration from 1993 to 1995. Emergence date was faster about 1 to 5 days in fertilizer application than that of non-fertilizer, and emergence ratio was lower about 2.4% to 35.7% in fertilizer application than that of non-fertilizer. Plant height was longer about 2.8cm to 10.6cm in fertilizer application than that of non-fertilizer, and leaf length and width had same tendencies. Bulb height was increased about 0.1 to 0.2cm in fertilizer application than 1.9cm in non-fertilizer and bulb width was increased about 0.5 to 0.7cm in fertilizer application than 2.2cm in non-fertilizer. Total yield was increased about 27% in N-P-K fertilizer, 24% in compost, 23% in compound fertilizer for garlic and 21 % in fowl dropping manure than 572kg/10a in non-fertilizer. Yield of marketable goods was high about 79% in compost. 72% in compound fertilizer for garlic and fowl dropping manure, and 69% in organic fertilizer than 229kg/l0a in non-fertilizer. Therfore, in the cultivation of Fritillaria thunbergii the application of organic fertilizer such as compost and fowl dropping manure was considered more profitable than the application of chemical fertilizer in middle region.

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Effect of Slow-Release Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Third-Harvest Tea Leaves (세물차의 수량 및 품질에 미치는 완효성비료 시비효과)

  • Park, Jang-Hyun;Choi, Hyeong-Kuk;Kim, Jong-Keun;Kim, Kil-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.38 no.5
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    • pp.269-273
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    • 2005
  • A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of slow-release fertilizer on the yield and quality of the third-harvest tea leaves. The yield of the third harvested tea leaves was decreased to 5.8-14.4% in slow-release fertilizer block, except to the N 50kg10a150kg10a1 (316kg10a1316kg10a1), compared to traditional urea treatment (313kg10a1313kg10a1). Nitrogen uptake and nitrogen uptake efficiency of slow-release fertilizer was reduced as nitrogen application level increased. The contents of chemical components related to the tea quality such as total-nitrogen, total amino acid, chlorophyll and theanine were somewhat lower in the slow-release fertilizer treatments, except to the treatment of N 50kg10a150kg10a1, than those in the traditional urea application, but those of tannin, caffeine and vitamin C were not different among the treatments. In scoring test, apparence and quality of green tea of the slow-release fertility treatments were not different, except to the N 40kg10a140kg10a1 treatment, compared to those in the treatment of urea. In conclusion, slow-release fertilizer and conventional urea treatments showed not different in both yield and quality of green tea.

The strengthening of democratic control over the authority of the superintendent of education in the Corona era

  • Park, Jong-Ryeol;Noe, Sang-Ouk
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.145-154
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    • 2021
  • While welcoming the distributing of the powers of the Ministry of Education, which is currently being promoted, to the city and provincial offices of education, I am very concerned that this will expand and amplify the powers concentrated in one central institution to 17 local institutions closer to the field. Until now, the Ministry of Education and the Office of Education have served as co-cause providers as important reasons for hindering school education. The transfer of the authority of the Ministry of Education is highly likely to be deformed as soon as it results in the quantitative reduction of the functions and roles of the existing Ministry of Education and the quantitative expansion of the roles and functions of the city and provincial offices of education. In the reality that no legal device for school autonomy has been established, it is highly likely that emphasizing the principle of school autonomy in our educational climate, which is deeply rooted in the vertical bureaucratic administrative culture, will end with a simple measure or stop at the level of imitation. Therefore, a more stable device is needed to check the authority of the city and provincial office of education and the superintendent of education to take over the authority of the Ministry of Education. This is also a system that is still required even when school autonomy becomes legal. Therefore, it is necessary to revitalize the independent education committee, establish a local education committee in the city and province education office, and activate the resident participation system (resident proposal system, resident voting system, resident litigation system, resident audit request system).

Effects of energy levels on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and fatty acid composition of Holstein steers at different slaughter ages

  • Sung Il Kim;Sungkwon Park;Hyun Soo Lee;Ji Hong Lee;Do Hyung Kim;Jeong Hwan Myung;Keun Ki Jung
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.65 no.6
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    • pp.1214-1225
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    • 2023
  • We investigated the effect of energy levels on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and fatty acid composition of Holstein steers at different slaughter ages. Forty Holstein steers with an average body weight (BW) of 234.21 ± 7.42 kg and 7.78 ± 0.22 months were randomly allocated to two experimental groups; a 22-month-old experimental group and a 24-month-old experimental group. Total digestible nutrients (TDN) for each group were set to 70% (T1) and 72% (T2) during fattening phase and 74% (T3) and 76% (T4) for the finishing phase, respectively. No difference was observed in the final BW between the experimental groups during the fattening phase. However, in the finishing phase, the final BW of T4 (820.31 kg) group was significantly higher than that of T1 (745.57 kg; p < 0.05). The average daily gain (ADG) of T2 group in the finishing phase and overall period were 1.27 kg and 1.26 kg, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of T1 (1.11 kg and 1.12 kg; p < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) and TDN conversion ratio of T2 group in the finishing phase also decreased by 10.23% and 7.73%, respectively, compared to those of T1. The cold carcass weight of T4 group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of T1, whereas back fat thickness, longissimus area, and marbling score were not significantly different among groups. No differences were observed in physicochemical characteristics of the carcass including moisture, crude protein, and crude fat content among groups. However, the composition of fatty acids differed significantly between the groups. The content of C18:0 was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in T4 than in T1 group, and the content of C18:2 was higher in T4 than in T1 and T3 (p < 0.05). Therefore, feeding Holstein steers at a high-energy feeding level during the fattening and finishing phases improves ADG and reduces the slaughter age from 24 months to 22 months.

Comparison of Alcohol Fermentation of Low Quality Potatoes and Sweet Potatoes with Ultrasonification Process (초음파를 이용한 무증자 저 상품용 감자와 고구마의 알코올 발효 비교)

  • Kim, Cheol-Hee;Han, Jae-Gun;Ling, Jin;Jung, Hyang-Sook;Oh, Sung-Ho;Jeong, Myung-Hoon;Jung, Kyung-Hwan;Choi, Geun-Pyo;Park, Uk-Yeon;Lee, Hyeon-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.121-124
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    • 2009
  • This study was performed to compare alcohol fermentation ability and saccharification of potatoes and sweet potatoes. Cooperated with ultrasonification process is not contain pass through cook process, but contain process using ulrasonification instead cook process. In result of sugar contents measurements sweet potato and potato was highest of a family at 6 hours fermentation, and it showed the highest sugar contents as each 11.5 brix, 10.4 brix. In result of alcohol contents measurements of sweet potato and potato, highest of a family in 4 days, and it showed th highest alcohol contents as each 8.2, 6.0%. Finally complex enzymes II process revealed similar activities like cook process.

Enhancement of Anticancer Activities of Ephedra sinica, Angelica gigas by Ultra High Pressure Extraction (초고압 추출 처리에 의한 마황과 당귀의 항암 활성 증진)

  • Jeong, Hyang-Suk;Han, Jae-Gun;Ha, Ji-Hye;Kim, Young;Oh, Sung-Ho;Kim, Seoung-Seop;Jeong, Myoung-Hoon;Choi, Geun-Pyo;Park, Uk-Yeon;Lee, Hyeon-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.102-108
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    • 2009
  • This study was performed to enhance anticancer activities of E. sinica, and A. gigas by ultra high pressure extraction process. The cytotoxicity of E. sinica and A. gigas on human kidney cell (HEK293) was as low as 24.94% and 25.3% in adding 1.0 mg/mmg/m of the sample extracted at 500 Mpa for 15 minute. Generally, the inhibition of cancer cell growth on A549 and MCF-7 was increased over 20% in the ultra high pressure samples, compared to the conventional extraction process. Under the extracts from ultra high pressure process showed not only the strongest anticancer activities, but also had better stability than normal extracts. It was also found that the extracts of A. gigas reduced the hypertrophy of the internal organs, such as adrenal and spleen caused stresses in several mouse models.

Antioxidant Activities and Skin-Whitening Effects of Nano-encapsuled Water Extract from Rubus coreanus Miquel (복분자 추출물의 나노입자화를 통한 항산화 및 미백 효과 증진)

  • Jeong, Hyang-Suk;Han, Jae-Gun;Han, Ji-Hye;Kim, Young;Oh, Sung-Ho;Kim, Seoung-Seop;Jeong, Myoung-Hoon;Choi, Geun-Pyo;Park, Uk-Yeon;Lee, Hyeon-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.83-89
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    • 2009
  • This study was performed to improve antioxidant activities and skin-whitening effects of Rubus coreanus Miquel extracts by nano-encapsulation. R. coreanus was extracted at 60C60C and encapsulated by lecithin and gelagine. Nano-encapsulated extracts showed highest free radical scavengering effect as 97.62% in adding sample (500μg/m500μg/m), compared to the extracts from conventional processes. It was showed strong inhibition effect on melanin production test by Clone M-3 cells as 55.23%. High inhibitory potency on tyrosinase was also measured as 155.8% by adding nano-sample of 1 mg/mmg/m. The improvement of biological activity was demonstrated by real time confocal microscope. We could consider that the water soluble extracts of R. coreanus could be definitely enhanced by nano-encapsulated as a potent natural resources for antioxidant and skin-whitening agent.

Insect Pests and Their Natural Enemies in the Controlled Agricultural Farms (시설농업지에서의 해충과 천적의 발생상)

  • Seo, Mi-ja;Ahn, Soo-jeong;Park, Deok-kee;Youn, Young-nam
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.21-28
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    • 1997
  • For the investigation of occurrence of insect pests and their natural enemies, total number of 353 controlled agricultural farms were visited and surveyed. In the 73% of total controlled agricultural farms, 52 species insect pests were occurred. Among these pests, the western flower thrip (Frankliniella occidentalis), the two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae), the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) and the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) were mainly occurred. On the other hand, small numbers of natural enemies were sustained in 40 controlled agricultural farms, which was 11% and 17% of visited farms and pest occurred farms, respectively. For the most part of collected natural enemies, there were included in Braconid, Coccinellid and Anthocorid, as 63, 20 and 8% of them, respectively.

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