• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2006

Propionibacterium acnes have been recognized as pus-forming bacteria triggering an inflammation in acne. The present study was conducted to evaluate antimicrobial activities of Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai against these etiologic agents of acne vulgaris and application possibility as a cosmetic resource. D. crassirhizoma crude extract and hexane fraction was prepared and its anti-acne effect against Propionibacterium acnes was investigated with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and paper disk diffusion method. The MIC of D. crassirhizoma crude extract and hexane fraction was 0.008 mg/mL and 0.001 mg/mL, respectively. This implies that D. crassirhizoma extract may be an efficient anti-acne ingredient for cosmetics, as a crude extract. The paper disk diffusion assay showed that its anti-acne effect was similar to that of triclosan. The cytotoxic effect of D. crassirhizoma extract was determined by a colorimetric MTT assay using HaCaT cell line and D. crassirhizoma extract exhibited lower cytotoxic effects. Finally, we examine the stability of D. crassirhizoma extract to temperature and pH. The D. crassirhizoma extract was very stable to high temperatures ($25{\sim}121^{\circ}C$) and to wide pH range ($pH\; 2{\sim}11$), suggesting its utilization for cosmetics.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.80-84
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• 2009

The in vitro antibacterial activities of anti-acne agents prepared from the extracts of natural sources were investigated against several bacteria including antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant Propionibacterium acnes. SD-1 and SD-2 were prepared with different formulations and they showed strong antibacterial activities. The anti-acne agents completely inhibited the growth of the tested strains at the concentration of 0.5%. There was no difference in antibacterial activity between antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant P. acnes. The inhibitory activities of two agents showed time-dependent manner. In S. aureus, time-kill curve demonstrated 2.8- and 3.4-$log_{10}$-unit killing after 8 h with SD-1 and SD-2, respectively. In P. acnes, time-killing curve demonstrated 5.1- and 6.1-$log_{10}$-unit killing after 24 h with SD-1 and SD-2, respectively. SD-2 showed stronger antimicrobial activity than SD-1. From these results, we expect that SD-1 and SD-2 have strong antibacterial activities and have advantages for treating acne.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2011

Objectives : Corydalis tuber has been used for promoting blood circulation and for relieving pain in Oriental medicine. In the present study, we focused on the antimicrobial activity of Corydalis tuber and compared its antimicrobial activity with the processed Corydalis tuber. Methods : Processing of Corydalis tuber was accomplished by immersing in 5% of acetic acid for 12 h and then by roasting at $250^{\circ}C$ for indicated time periods(0-30 min). Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and the zone of growth inhibition were determined against Propionibacterium acnes(P. acnes). Results : The methanolic extracts of Corydalis tuber showed potent antimicrobial effect(MIC 62.5 ${\mu}g/ml$). Its alkaloidal component, dehydrocorydaline, also exhibited antibacterial activity(MIC 25.0 ${\mu}g/ml$). After processing of Corydalis tuber, its inhibitory effect on the growth of P. acnes was significantly enhanced compared with that of unprocessed Corydalis tuber. Furthermore, elevated content of dehydrocorydaline was found in the processed than the unprocessed Corydalis tuber. However, the different roasting minutes effected on antimicrobial activity. The best roasting time of Corydalis tuber was 10 min, while roasting for the time above 15 min resulted in diminishing antimicrobial activity. Thus, it was concluded that the standardized processing condition of Corydalis tuber should be established to obtain enhanced antimicrobial(P. acnes) activity. Conclusion : For antimicrobial effect against P. acnes, the best processing condition of Corydalis tuber is immersing in 5% of acetic acid for 12 h and by roasting at $250^{\circ}C$ for 10 min.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.306-308
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• 2019

A number of Bacillus strains are known to have antimicrobial activity useful in various fields. In order to prevent Propionibacterium acnes, which is one of the factors of acne, we selected Bacillus halotolerans F41-3 which have high antimicrobial activities against P. acnes. We conducted complete genome sequencing of B. halotolerans F41-3 and analyzed genomic characteristics. This genome size is 4,144,458 bp with a G + C content of 43.76%, 4,145 total genes and 3,686 protein coding genes. Among the genes, we found that gene clulster of subtilosin, a kind of bacteriocin, synthesis and gene cluster of nickel transportation. Both of them may influence inhibition of P. acnes.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of the study is to test the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of BPH, which is composed of Pini Densiflorae Nodi Lignum and Querci Acutissimae Fructus, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Angelicae Tenuissimae Radix. Method : Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of BPH on Propionibacterium acnes, one of anaerobic bacteria species were evaluated by measuring the levels of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) elimination and lipid peroxidation. Result : When BPH was applied to CCD-986sk (Human normal fibroblast) to confirm the level of cytokine(tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-8), its level increased in proportion to that of BPH's concentration, which indicated dose-dependent relationship. Using the Disk diffusion to measure the bacterial growth inhibition zone varying BPH concentration, it was found that the antibacterial effect of BPH was less than that of erythromycin, the control group, but was higher than that of saline, and it increased with higher concentrations. In a liquid culture medium containing BPH, the growth rate of Propionibacterium acnes was decreased by more than 10% at 25% BPH. After adding P. acnes to THP-1 monocyte, and treated it with BPH, and measuring the concentration of TNF-a and IL-8, it was observed that the amount of TNF-alpha and IL-8 significantly decreased depending on the level of BPH concentration. The ability to eliminate DPPH increased with higher BPH concentration. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation was increased by BHT treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion : Using Propionibacterium acnes, an anaerobic bacteria, we confirmed that BPH has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• 제20권2호통권33호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2007

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the effects of Yeouigeumhwang-san(YUGHS) on anti-inflammation and anti-Propionibacterium acnes. Methods : The cytotoxicity of YUGHS about viability of Raw 264.7 cell was tested by using a colorimetric tetrazolium assay(MTT assay). To investigate the anti-inflammatory effets of YUGHS on LPS-induced macrophage Raw 264.7 cell, we used ELISA kit and Western blots. Inhibitory effects of YUGHS on Propionibactrium acnes were investigated by using paper disk diffusion method. Results : 1. YUGHS has no cytotoxicity under 50 ${\mu}g/ml$ concentration but over 50 ${\mu}g/ml$ has a little cytotoxicity in Raw 264.7 cell. 2. Concentration of 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ YUGHS inhibited the production of NO in the Raw 264.7 cell stimulated with LPS. 3. All concentrations of YUGHS did not inhibit the production of $TNF-{\alpha}$ in the Raw 264.7 cell stimulated with LPS. 4. All concentrations of YUGHS significantly inhibited the production of $PGE_2$ in the Raw 264.7 cell stimulated with LPS. 5. YUGHS did not inhibit the expression of COX-2 but concentration of 50 ${\mu}g/ml$ YUGHS inhibited iNOS expression in the Raw 264.7 cell stimulated with LPS. 6. YUGHS has the effect of blocking $NF-{\kappa}B$ into nucleus in LPS-induced macrophage Raw 264.7 cell 7. YUGHS did not have the inhibitory effect of Propionibactrium acnes. Conclusions : These results indicate that Yeouigeumhwang-san has anti-inflammatory effets. If further study is performed, the use of Yeouigeumhwang-san will be valuable and benificial in the therapy of acnes.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1379-1386
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• 2020

Acne is a chronic skin disease that typically occurs in the teens and twenties, and its symptoms vary according to age, sex, diet, and lifestyle. The condition is characterized by hyperproliferation of keratinocytes in the epidermis, sebum overproduction, excessive growth of Propionibacterium acnes, and P. acnes-induced skin inflammation. Interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-6 are predominant in the inflammatory lesions of acne vulgaris. These cytokines induce an inflammatory reaction in the skin in the presence of pathogens or stresses. Moreover, IL-1α accelerates the production of keratin 16, which is typically expressed in wounded or aberrant skin, leading to abnormalities in architecture and hyperkeratinization. Orobol (3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyisoflavone) is a metabolite of genistein that inhibited the P. acnes-induced increases in IL-6 and IL-1α levels in human keratinocytes (HaCaTs) more effectively compared with salicylic acid. In addition, orobol decreased the IL-1α and IL-6 mRNA levels and inhibited the phosphorylation of inhibitor of kappa-B kinase, nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha, and mitogen-activated protein kinase induced by P. acnes. Finally, the expression of Ki67 was decreased by orobol. Thus, orobol ameliorated the inflammation and hyperkeratinization induced by heat-killed P. acnes and thus has potential for use in functional foods and cosmetics.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 한국산학기술학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표논문집
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• pp.295-296
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 양극전리수의 여드름균에 대한 제어력을 조사해보았다.. 그 결과 대조군과 비교해보았을 때 여드름균은 양극전리수에 1 분 동안 노출되었을 때 완전히 사멸되었다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.970-975
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• 2016

Acne vulgaris is a common chronic skin disorder that affects millions of people. The pathogenesis of acne has been known to be closely associated with the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. Here we investigated the anti-acne activity of Lactobacillus plantarum K-1 BR by observing the expressions of proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-8, of human keratinocytes. When we applied heat-killed P. acnes to HaCaT cells, the inflammatory cytokines were induced by two- to four-fold compared to the normal control. When the bacteriocin, purified from L. plantarum K-1 BR, was pretreated to the HaCaT cells, the expression levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ stimulated by P. acnes significantly decreased to 25% and 30% of the induced levels, respectively. The IL-8 levels also significantly decreased with the concentration dependent manner of the bacteriocin. These results suggest that the bacteriocin from L. plantarum K-1 BR could reduce the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and thus may relieve inflammations caused by acne.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.101-103
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• 2007