• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.115-118
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• 2008

The promotion of overseas projects by construction enterprises has appeared as a way to overcome the current business difficulties of the Korean construction industry, which largely caused by the slow growth of the domestic market and the intensified competition among construction companies. The government has also shown considerable interests in the strategic approach of promoting construction projects by private companies in natural resource-rich countries, which helps the internationalization of Korean companies and the acouisition of natural resources. In this regard, this research examines the status of the construction market in the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC) whose potential economic growth is considered as significant, while exploring the appropriate Investment strategies of Korean construction enterprise. Since little appears to be known about the construction market and economic conditions of the DRC, after a documented review of the development trajectory of the country, a field investigation was preformed in June 2008 for obtaining information on the subjects. This research finds that the road construction is the area to fulfill the several important criteria of implementing construction projects in developing regions, including the safety/reliability for gaining investment profits, the possibility of implementing construction projects on the gradual basis, the possibility of using the facilities after the project completion, and the linkage between payment and the construction stages. In regard to the current economic situation of the DRC and the policies of the DRC government, a package deal approach, which contains the exchange of the infrastructure construction by the Korean companies and the provision of natural resources by the DRC government, is the most feasible method for Korean companies to promote their businesses in the DRC's construction market.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.3D
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• pp.231-237
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• 2012

The interrelation of integrity degree and country competitive power was known as high. But, according to the CPI announcement of Transparency International, the domestic Corruption Perceptions Index ranked 5 points, as being corrupt. It was investigated that the corruption level of Korea was getting worse most in the construction sector. In this way, it is emergent and inevitable to improve the transparency in the construction industry, accounting for 25-54% of the total corruption cases in our society. Transparency International has opened to the public the source data, utilized in the CPI measures in 2010. In the case of Korea, the 9 data of 6 organizations were utilized. According to the PERC, the corruption level of the private sector in Korea has been estimated as the worst among the 16 countries. In this context, this paper analyses the corruption level of Korea by utilizing the source data of the Transparency International CPI. And it aims to comprehend structural problems in the construction industry and to suggest implicative countermeasures through out the anti-corruption activities in the world. It propose finally an improvement of the structural causes in the construction industry, a promotion of effective punishment against corrupt practices, a reinforcement of the transparency management in the construction sector, etc.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.31-53
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to find out the factors affecting the usage and performance of e-Trade in Chinese Small and Medium-sized Enterprises(SMEs). To achieve the purpose of the study, the research model and hypotheses, depicting the relationship among external factors, internal factors, relationship characteristics, e-Trade usage level, and performance were developed based on the existing literature on e-Trade. To test the significance of the research model and hypotheses, an empirical survey were conducted to the Chinese SMEs in Yangtze River Delta area, which are actively using the e-Trade in their trade processes. According to the result of the statistical analyses on the 85 effective questionnaires from the sample firms, support of the government related institutions(one of the external factors) and CEO's support(one of the internal factors) had significant relationship with e-Trade usage level, but no significant relationship was found between the relationship characteristics and e-Trade usage level. Like the results of the most of the existing literature, e-Trade usage level were formed to significantly affected the e-Trade performance. Finally, based on results of the empirical survey, several implications on the Chinese SME's e-Trade strategies and policy alternatives were proposed as a concluding remark.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.167-191
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to explore logical thinking abilities and metacognitive characteristics by student's giftedness and grade level. Furthermore, this study sought to present the practical basis for the promotion of students' abilities in self-driven learning as well as cognition. Average-ability students(n=199), economically disadvantage gifted students(n=133), and gifted students(n=111), who were sampled by two-step sampling procedures, responded the logical thinking ability test(Cho et al, 2006) and the questionnaire asking self-perception for 'metacognitive knowledge' and 'metacognitive control' abilities(Cho & Han, 2004). As the results, average-ability students showed less logical thinking abilities(in language, mathematics, and space) than gifted students. The logical thinking abilities had affected by giftedness, grade level and these interaction. And gifted students showed higher metacognitive control abilities in planning, monitoring, priority, and strategies of learning than average-ability students. However, there were no significant differences in metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive control abilities between economically disadvantaged gifted students and gifted students.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.330-346
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• 1999

This descriptive correlational study was conducted to identify the variables related to a health promoting lifestyle in high school students. 304 high school students and 189 vocational high school students living in Taegu city were selected by a convenience sampling method. The data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from August 24 to September 4, 1998. Pender and others' Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile, Shere et al's. Self-Efficacy scale, Wallston et al.'s Internal Health Locus of Control scale, Wares' Health self rating scale and Cohen & Hoberman's Social support scale were used. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, MANOVA, ANOVA. Tukey verification and Stepwise multiple regression with an SAS program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The average score of a health promoting lifestyle performance was 2.38(SD=.36) of a 4 point scale .Self-actualization (mean = 2.80. SD = .60). interpersonal support(mean = 2.73, SD=.47), health responsibility (mean=1.53, SD=.47), nutrition(mean=2.64, SD=.63), exercise(mean=2.71. SD=.72) and stress management(mean=2.37, SD=.58) were also analyzed. 2. The combination of self-efficacy, social-support, internal health locus of control. father's educational level and perceived health status explained 37.97% of the variance in health promoting lifestyles. 3. A Health promoting lifestyle showed significant positive correlations with self efficacy(r=.5173. p=.0011), perceived health status(r=.254, p=.001) and internal health locus of control(r=.321. p=.001). 4. According to sex(t=7.38. p=.006). economic state(F=6.62, p=.00l), Father's educational level(F=4.25, p=.005), mother's educational level(F=6.94. p=.000l), the grade of educational performance(F=3.74, p=.024), sleeping hours(F=3.47. p=.032) and social support(F=40.76, p=.0001). there were significant differences and modifying factors in health promoting lifestyles. On the basis of the above findings. self-efficacy in cognitive factors, and social support in modifying factors were identified as the variables which explained most of Pender's health-promotion model. Nursing strategies enhancing self-efficacy and social support which have a more significant effect on health promoting lifestyles should be developed. Further research is required to find out the factors influencing health pormoting lifestyle of high school students.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.291-298
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze perceptions to hindering factors and development factors for water leisure activation. In order to accomplish the study purpose, this study employed a survey method with water leisure participants and employees from 6 regions(participants=205, employees=117). The data were analyzed using independent t-tests at a=.05 and following findings were derived from current study. First, among 20 hindering factors, water leisure participants had higher levels of perceptions than employees in licence system, limited activation regulation, departure report regulation, absence of exclusive organization, lack of providing information, lack of participative events and support systems. Second, relatively highly perceived hindering factors included departure report regulation, limited activation regulation, licence system, lack of government support, lack of mooring facility and lack of exclusive charged organization, in order. Third, the important development factors perceived by participants included support for licence and education and diversified water leisure programs but those perceived by employees included placement of educated experts and related event host and publicity. Finally, relatively highly perceived development factors included activation of free experience, promotion of marina development, support for licence and education, diversified programs and support for water leisure business. Accordingly, the findings provided fundamental information that both central and regional government can utilize for further activating water leisure. In addition, several development strategies were discussed on financial support, facility support, human resource support, education support and event support perspectives.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.664-679
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• 2008

This paper attempts to evaluate the local economy and the local economic development policy in Goryeong County and to propose some policy alternatives for local economic development. Goryeong County has a locational advantage, which is not just geographically proximate to Daegu, a large metropolis, but also connected directly to the national highway networks. This region can also be regarded as a rural area, in a sense that the primary industry still plays a more important role for the local economy than the secondary industry and the tertiary industry. However, it is problematic that the local economic development strategies of Goryeong are universal rather than strategic and systematic. In order to design an effective regional economic development policy, the policy makers are necessary to deliberately consider regional specificity and geo-political and geo-economic situations around the region. In addition, it is important to say that policy makers, particularly in rural regions, need to break from the fantasy of high-tech industries. In this context, I propose some region-specific and context-specific policy ideas, including the promotion of the agro-food cluster and the build-up of the em-industrial complexes specialized in mechatronics and transportation equipment manufacturing.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.348-357
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• 2015

The main purpose of this study is to understand the potential geographic distribution of P. koraiensis, which is known to be one of major economic tree species, based on the RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 8.5 scenarios and current geographic distribution from National Forest Inventory(NFI) data using ecological niche modeling. P. koraiensis abundance data extracted from NFI were utilized to estimate current geographic distribution. Also, GARP (Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Production) model, one of the ecological niche models, was applied to estimate potential geographic distribution and to project future changes. Environmental explanatory variables showing Area Under Curve (AUC) value bigger than 0.6 were selected and constructed into the final model by running the model for each of the 27 variables. The results of the model validation which was performed based on confusion matrix statistics, showed quite high suitability. Currently P. koraiensis is distributed widely from 300m to 1,200m in altitude and from south to north as a result of national greening project in 1970s although major populations are found in elevated and northern area. The results of this study were successful in showing the current distribution of P. koraiensis and projecting their future changes. Future model for P. koraiensis suggest large areas predicted under current climate conditions may be contracted by 2090s showing dramatic habitat loss. Considering the increasing status of atmospheric $CO_2$ and air temperature in Korea, P. koraiensis seems to experience the significant decrease of potential distribution range in the future. The final model in this study may be used to identify climate change impacts on distribution of P. koraiensis in Korea, and a deeper understanding of its correlation may be helpful when planning afforestation strategies.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.31-42
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• 2012

After the rapidly changing business management environment and financial crisis, high prices and domestic recession in Korea posed threats to the business survival of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This paper looks at the potential of micro business owners for sustainable development: those who have a spirit of entrepreneurship and the potential to be a hidden champion. Our study of micro business values uses structure equation modeling by LISREL. We have done so in order to understand the foundation of management innovation and success model of micro enterprise by increasing the entrepreneurship and management performance relationship analysis. A micro-enterprise is a type of small business, found only in Korea, often registered as having ten or fewer employees. We examine the successful type of hidden champions and the influence of entrepreneurship on start-ups in business. As compared to past research on the SME entrepreneurship, this study segments small businesses even further. Small business entrepreneurship was classified into three forms that are most appropriate for the Korean situation today: innovation, risk-taking, and pro-activeness. This research is meaningful as it is Korea's first empirical analysis on four business types: wholesale and retail sales, food and lodging business, service business, and manufacturing business. Thus far, research on small business entrepreneurship was carried out using small-scale investigative analysis. However, this research attempted to develop a model that can explain a cause-effect relation of the motivational level when it comes to the difference of entrepreneurship by each business type and small business start-up success factors. Various conceptual and operational definitions could be developed in a diverse and precise manner. Independent variables that are related to the success of small businesses can be developed additionally to examine the success factors related to the systematization in detailed manner. The research showed that the innovation, risk-taking and pro-activeness of the manifested difference in the degree of perception depending on the type of small businesses. Among the four business types, the ones that manifested the highest successful start-up rates were food, service, wholesale and retail sales and manufacturing. Results after conducting the regression analysis are shown on, which proves that the small business entrepreneurship exerts direct effect on the financial management performance of small businesses. In other words, small business entrepreneurship exerts a positive effect on the small business financial success and management performance. The R² value is 0.61. It is possible to know that the perception of systematization and variables on attitude explains the 61% of the success for small self-employed businesses management performance. We define start-up key factors that are helpful to achieve internal growth of firms by finding business survival strategies. The results also focus on Korean government policy for micro enterprise and small business support.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.728-735
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• 2009

This study intends to examine general hospital workers' health promoting lifestyle practice and figure out related factors to it. To achieve that, it conducted a survey with an unsigned self-reported questionnaire to the subject of 580 workers at hospitals located in Daejeon. The degree of practice in the subjects' health promoting lifestyle, the average of the entire questions was 2.26 points and the average of sub-sections was as in the following: 2.62 for interpersonal relations, 2.58 for spiritual growth, 2.26 for nutrition, 2.16 for stress management, 2.00 for health responsibility and 1.89 for physical activity Thus, the section of interpersonal relations showed the highest practice rate, whereas the section of physical activity demonstrated the lowest one. According to the multivariate regression analysis by phase, main factors affecting their health promoting lifestyle practice were selected as stress, attendance in education on health promotion, subjective heath condition, and age. The above results imply that general hospital workers' health promoting lifestyle practice is not sufficient and various factors are involved in it. Accordingly, it is considered that in order to enhance general hospital workers' attention to health promoting lifestyle practice, it is necessary to develop health promoting strategies and programs.