• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2012

Diesel fuel is expensive because transportation to remote areas adds extra cost, and it causes air pollution by engine exhaust. Providing a feasible economical and environmental solution to diesel generators is important. A hybrid system of renewable plants and diesel generators can benefit islands or other isolated communities and increase fuel savings. Renewable energy is, however, a natural source that produces a fluctuating power output. In this paper, hybrid power system of the marado lighthouse is proposed to supply stable power in the stand-alone hybrid power system. The proposed hybrid power system consists of the diesel generator, wind turbine, photovoltaic, fuel cell, and battery bank. To decrease the carbon emissions and find the optimization, the cost analysis of hybrid system is simulated using HOMER program and the optimized hybrid power system is designed.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.26.1-26.9
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• 2017

Fishes in genus Sardinella are small pelagic species, which plays an important role in marine ecosystem as the first consumer. Those species are also commercially important, whose total catch reaches 278,600 tons in 2011 in Indonesia, but their identification has been difficult for their morphological similarity. In this study, we reported Sardinella jussieu for the first time in Indonesian coastal area (Banten Bay, Indonesia, $6^{\circ}\;0^{\prime}\;50.00^{{\prime}{\prime}}\;S-106^{\circ}\;10^{\prime}\;21.00^{{\prime}{\prime}}\;E$). We were able to confirm the species by both its morphological characteristics including the black spot at dorsal fin origin, the dusky pigmentation at caudal fin, 31 total scute numbers, and DNA sequence identity in the GenBank database by the molecular analysis. Its total mitochondrial genome was determined by the combination of next-generation sequencing and typical PCR strategy. The total mitochondrial genome of Sardinella jussieu (16,695 bp) encoded 13 proteins, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs, and the putative control region. All protein-coding genes started with ATG and typical stop codon and ended with TAA or TAG except for ND4 in which AGA is used. Phylogenetic analyses of both COI region and full mitochondrial genome showed that S. jussieu is most closely related to Sardinella albella and Sardinella gibbosa

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.102-111
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• 2022

Objective: To develop and explore the usefulness of an artificial intelligence system for the prediction of the need for dental extractions during orthodontic treatments based on gender, model variables, and cephalometric records. Methods: The gender, model variables, and radiographic records of 214 patients were obtained from an anonymized data bank containing 314 cases treated by two experienced orthodontists. The data were processed using an automated machine learning software (Auto-WEKA) and used to predict the need for extractions. Results: By generating and comparing several prediction models, an accuracy of 93.9% was achieved for determining whether extraction is required or not based on the model and radiographic data. When only model variables were used, an accuracy of 87.4% was attained, whereas a 72.7% accuracy was achieved if only cephalometric information was used. Conclusions: The use of an automated machine learning system allows the generation of orthodontic extraction prediction models. The accuracy of the optimal extraction prediction models increases with the combination of model and cephalometric data for the analytical process.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.529-539
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• 2016

본 연구는 지역사회 건강증진사업에서 주민참여에 영향을 미치는 사업지원요인을 규명하기 위한 서술적 연구이다. B시에서 주최한 3개월간 일만보 걷기사업을 중도에 포기하지 않고 끝까지 참여한 지역주민 418명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료는 자기보고식 설문지를 이용하여 수집하였고, T검정과 분산분석, 다중회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 사업 참여자 중 물리적 지원(만보기(p<.001), 걷기기록장(p<.001), 실천저금통(p=.002))을 이용하거나, 정보적 지원(걷기교육, 주민리더교육)에 참여하거나(p<.001), 촉진행사 및 모임(보건소별 걷기모임)에 참여횟수가 많거나(p<.001), 파트너십(걷기 동아리에 소속된 경우)에 따라서(p<.001) 걷기 참여일수는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 또한 걷기 기록장 사용, 동아리 소속이 걷기 참여의 유의한 영향요인으로 나타났다. 따라서 추후 건강증진 사업운영 시 참여자의 건강증진 행위실천을 돕기 위한 물품을 지원하고 파트너십을 구축(모임, 동아리) 하는 등 주민참여 향상을 위한 다양한 정책전략이 필요하다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2008

Vibrio vulnificus produces siderophores, low-molecular-weight iron-chelating compounds, to obtain iron under conditions of iron deprivation. To identify genes associated with the biosynthesis of siderophore in V. vulnificus MO6-24/O, we screened clones with mini-Tn5 random insertions for those showing decreased production of siderophore. Among 6,000 clones screened, nine such clones were selected. These clones contain the transposon inserted in VV2_0830 (GenBank accession number) that is a homolog of a nonribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS). There is an another NRPS module, VV2_0831, 49-bp upstream to VV2_0830. We named these two genes vvs (Vibrio vulnificus siderophore synthase) A and B, respectively. Mutation of either vvsA or vvsB showed a decreased production of siderophore. The expression of an NRPS-lux fusion was negatively modulated by the presence of iron, and the regulation was dependent on Fur (ferric uptake regulator). However, the expression of the NRPS genes was still not fully derepressed in the iron-rich condition, even in furnull mutant cells, suggesting that some other unknown factors are involved in the regulation of the genes. We also demonstrated that the NRPS genes are important for virulence of the pathogen in a mice model.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.254-263
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• 2020

본 연구는 '사회공헌활동 기부은행'을 통한 돌봄대상 노인의 생활변화와 사회통합감이 돌봄서비스 만족도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 파악하고, 궁극적으로는 사회적가치 및 노인의 삶의 질을 향상하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 사회공헌활동 기부은행 돌봄사업을 수행하고 있는 50개 기관의 돌봄서비스 이용 노인을 중심으로 설문조사를 실시하였고, 434명의 자료를 최종적으로 분석에 사용하였다. 분석방법은 SPSS 25 패키지 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, 기술통계, 상관관계분석, 그리고 위계적 회귀분석 등을 적용하였다. 분석결과, 돌봄노인의 생활변화는 돌봄서비스 만족도에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 사회통합감은 돌봄노인의 생활변화와 돌봄서비스 만족도 간의 영향 관계에서 통계적으로 유의미한 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 노인의 삶의 질 향상과 사회통합감 및 돌봄서비스 만족도 증진을 위한 실천적, 정책적 대안을 논의하였다.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제16A권2호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2009

캐쉬의 성능을 향상시키는 가장 효과적인 방법은 프로그램 수행 특성에 내재되어 있는 시간적 (temporal locality) 지역성과 공간적 지역성(spatial locality)을 활용하는 것이다. 본 논문은 프로그램 수행 특성에 적합한 시간적/공간적 지역성을 이용하기 위한 뱅크 선택 메커니즘을 가진 고성능 저전력 캐쉬 구조를 제안하였다. 제안하는 캐쉬 시스템은 다른 블록 크기와 다른 연관도를 가지는 두개의 캐쉬로 구성되어 진다. 즉 작은 블록 크기를 지원하는 직접사상 구조의 주 캐쉬(main direct-mapped cache)와 큰 블록을 지원하는 완전연관 버퍼 (fully associative buffer)로 구성되어 진다. 특히 주 캐쉬는 저전력을 위해 2-뱅크로 구성되며, 완전연관 버퍼에서 선택되어진 작은 블록은 제안된 뱅크 선택 알고리즘에 의해 주 캐쉬의 뱅크에 저장된다. 제안된 뱅크 선택 알고리즘과 3비트 상태 비트를 이용하여 시간적 지역성이 높은 데이터들을 주 캐쉬에 선택적으로 저장함으로써 고성능의 효과를 얻을 수 있었다. 제안된 알고리즘은 또한 충돌 미스 (conflict miss)와 캐쉬 오염 (cache pollution)을 효과적으로 줄여준다. 시뮬레이션 결과에 따르면, 평균 접근 실패율의 경우 Mibench 응용군에 대해 Victim 캐쉬에 비해 23%, STAS 캐쉬에 비해 32%의 감소효과를 보여준다. 평균 메모리 접근 시간의 경우 Victim 캐쉬에 비해 14%, STAS 캐쉬에 비해 18%의 감소효과를 얻을 수 있었다. 에너지 소비의 관점에서도 제안된 캐쉬 시스템은 Victim 캐쉬와 STAS 캐쉬에 비해 약 10% 감소 효과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2008

치과위생사의 학점은행제에 대한 기대와 요구를 지역별로 조사하기 위해 2008년 3월부터 5월까지 서울 경기, 광역시, 강원도, 경상도 지역에 위치한 치과 병 의원에 근무하는 치과위생사 312명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 SPSS 11.5를 이용하여 분석한 결과 1. 학점은행제에 대한 인식은 68.3%로 대부분의 지역에서 인식을 하고 있으나, 강원도 지역은 조사대상자 13.8%(43명) 모두 인식하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 인식한 정보매체로는 서울 경기 지역을 제외한 대부분의 지역에서 주위 사람들에 의해 인식하는 비율(46.2%)이 높았다. 2. 학점은행제에 대한 기대는 경상도 지역은 학업이나 업무능력 개선, 학점 학위 또는 자격증, 새로운 기술환경 접근 등 기대도 9개 항목 중 6개 항목에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, 강원도 지역은 여가선용과 구직활동에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 3. 학점은행제에 대한 교육비는 서울 경기와 강원도 지역은 3만원 미만이 각각 18.9%, 8.7%, 광역시는 3만원 이상~5만원 미만이 19.9%, 경상도 지역은 3만원 미만과 3만원 이상~5만원 미만이 각각 14.1%로 가장 많았으며, 교육방법은 서울 경기 지역은 강의식이 13.5%이었고, 광역시 강원도 경상도 지역은 강의+실습이 각각 18.6%, 11.5%, 21.5%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 4. 학점은행제 전공 영역별 중요도를 살펴보면, 구강보건교육영역은 강원도 지역에서 $3.56{\pm}1.259$로 가장 높았고, 예방처치영역은 광역시에서 $3.64{\pm}1.191$로 가장 높게 나타났다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.237-237
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• 2015

The district of Marlborough has had more than its share of river management projects over the past 150 years, each one uniquely affecting the geomorphology and flood hazard of the Wairau Plains. A major early project was to block the Opawa distributary channel at Conders Bend. The Opawa distributary channel took a third and more of Wairau River floodwaters and was a major increasing threat to Blenheim. The blocking of the Opawa required the Wairau and Lower Wairau rivers to carry greater flood flows more often. Consequently the Lower Wairau River was breaking out of its stopbanks approximately every seven years. The idea of diverting flood waters at Tuamarina by providing a direct diversion to the sea through the beach ridges was conceptualised back around the 1920s however, limits on resources and machinery meant the mission of excavating this diversion didn't become feasible until the 1960s. In 1964 a 10 m wide pilot channel was cut from the sea to Tuamarina with an initial capacity of $700m^3/s$. It was expected that floods would eventually scour this 'Wairau Diversion' to its design channel width of 150 m. This did take many more years than initially thought but after approximately 50 years with a little mechanical assistance the Wairau Diversion reached an adequate capacity. Using the power of the river to erode the channel out to its design width and depth was a brilliant idea that saved many thousands of dollars in construction costs and it is somewhat ironic that it is that very same concept that is now being used to deal with the aggradation problem that the Wairau Diversion has caused. The introduction of the Wairau Diversion did provide some flood relief to the lower reaches of the river but unfortunately as the Diversion channel was eroding and enlarging the Lower Wairau River was aggrading and reducing in capacity due to its inability to pass its sediment load with reduced flood flows. It is estimated that approximately $2,000,000m^3$ of sediment was deposited on the bed of the Lower Wairau River in the time between the Diversion's introduction in 1964 and 2010, raising the Lower Wairau's bed upwards of 1.5m in some locations. A numerical morphological model (MIKE-11 ST) was used to assess a number of options which led to the decision and resource consent to construct an erodible (fuse plug) bank at the head of the Wairau Diversion to divert more frequent scouring-flows ($+400m^3/s$)down the Lower Wairau River. Full control gates were ruled out on the grounds of expense. The initial construction of the erodible bank followed in late 2009 with the bank's level at the fuse location set to overtop and begin washing out at a combined Wairau flow of $1,400m^3/s$ which avoids berm flooding in the Lower Wairau. In the three years since the erodible bank was first constructed the Wairau River has sustained 14 events with recorded flows at Tuamarina above $1,000m^3/s$ and three of events in excess of $2,500m^3/s$. These freshes and floods have resulted in washout and rebuild of the erodible bank eight times with a combined rebuild expenditure of $80,000. Marlborough District Council's Rivers & Drainage Department maintains a regular monitoring program for the bed of the Lower Wairau River, which consists of recurrently surveying a series of standard cross sections and estimating the mean bed level (MBL) at each section as well as an overall MBL change over time. A survey was carried out just prior to the installation of the erodible bank and another survey was carried out earlier this year. The results from this latest survey show for the first time since construction of the Wairau Diversion the Lower Wairau River is enlarging. It is estimated that the entire bed of the Lower Wairau has eroded down by an overall average of 60 mm since the introduction of the erodible bank which equates to a total volume of $260,000m^3$. At a cost of $$0.30/m^3$ this represents excellent value compared to mechanical dredging which would likely be in excess of $$10/m^3$. This confirms that the idea of using the river to enlarge the channel is again working for the Wairau River system and that in time nature's "excavator" will provide a channel capacity that will continue to meet design requirements.

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 1997

This study aims to analyse the demand of people living in Songnam city for social education. The results of this study were intended to serve as basic material for the social education institution to work out policies for its development. Data, which reached a total of 435, were collected from parents of students, bank clerks, factory workers, and distribution workers, who were living in Choongwon, Sujeong, or Boondang ward of songnam City. The findings of the study were as follows. 1. About 85.7% of the respondents were applying for a social education program : However, given that 63.2% of the positive respondents presented conditional answers, adequate programs to meet their demand should be developed for turning it into effective demand. 2. Specialized vocational training Programs. family life Programs, health and hygienic education program, foreign language learning programs and hobby and leisure programs turned out to be favored. 3. Respondents showed a preference for active participation in the process of education including experiment and field work over remaining passive listeners to a lecture. As to the period of education, 1 to 2 months were most favored; two classes of about 2 hours per week, met on weekdays, were strongly recommended.