• 제목/요약/키워드: Profile measurements

검색결과 543건 처리시간 0.023초

희박 예혼합 모형 가스터빈 내에서 연료/공기 혼합정도가 온도 특성에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Fuel/Air Mixing Quality on Temperature Characteristics in a Lean Premixed Model Gas Turbine)

  • 이종호;장영준;전충환
    • 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국추진공학회 2005년도 제24회 춘계학술대회논문집
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    • pp.274-280
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    • 2005
  • 광학적 접근이 가능한 대기압, 실험용 덤프 연소기에서 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 불안정 연소 동안 주기적으로 변하는 압력 사이클의 위상에 따른 온도를 측정함에 있다. 특히, 연소 불안정에 영향을 미치는 연료/공기의 혼합정도가 온도특성에 미치는 효과를 살펴보기 위해 반 스톡스 라만 분광학을 이용하였다. 본 논문에서는 위상에 따른 평균온도, 표준 오차, 확률 밀도함수 및 1900K 이상의 고온이 발생할 확률에 대한 결과가 제시되어있다. 실험결과에 대해 간략히 살펴보면, 압력위상에 따른 평균온도는 압력위상과 거의 동일 위상을 가짐을 확인할 수 있었고, 평균온도의 최대-최소 차이는 연료/공기 혼합이 양호할수록 작아지는 것을 발견할 수 있었다. 온도 확률밀도 함수는 화염 거동과 질소산화물 배출 특성에 대한 기본 자료를 제시해 주었다. 이러한 결과들은 궁극적으로 연소 불안정 발생 메커니즘과 열-음향학적 상호작용을 이해함에 있어 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다 하겠다.

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수렴성빔 전자회절법을 이용한 $SiO_2/Si$ 계면 부위의 격자 변형량 측정 (Measurements of Lattice Strain in $SiO_2/Si$ Interface Using Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction)

  • 김긍호;우현정;최두진
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.73-79
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    • 1995
  • The oxidation of silicon wafers is an essential step in the fabrication of semiconductor devices. It is known to induce degradation of electrical properties and lattice strain of Si substrate from thermal oxidation process due to charged interface and thermal expansion mismatch from thermally grown SiO, film. In this study, convergent beam electron diffraction technique is employed to directly measure the lattice strains in Si(100) and $4^{\circ}$ - off Si(100) substrates with thermally grown oxide layer at $1200^{\circ}C$ for three hours. The ratios of {773}-{973}/{773}-{953} Higher Order Laue Zone lines were used at [012] zone axis orientation. Lattice parameters of the Si substrate as a function of distance from the interface were determined from the computer simulation of diffraction patterns. Correction value for the accelerating voltage was 0.2kV for the kinematic simulation of the [012]. HOLZ patterns. The change in the lattice strain profile before and after removal of oxide films revealed the magnitudes of intrinsic strain and thermal strain components. It was shown that $4^{\circ}$ -off Si(100) had much lower intrinsic strain as surface steps provide effective sinks for the free Si atoms produced during thermal oxidation. Thermal strain in the Si substrate was in compression very close to the interface and high concentration of Si interstitials appeared to modify the thermal expansion coefficient of Si.

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몰수실린더에 의하여 생성되는 쇄파주위 점성유동의 고찰 (제1부 : 파형 및 압력분포) (On the Viscous Flow Around Breaking Waves Generated by a Submerged Cylinder(Part 1 : Wave Pattern and Surface Pressure))

  • 현범수;신용현
    • 대한조선학회논문집
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    • 제37권1호
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    • pp.82-90
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    • 2000
  • 수면하에서 정속으로 움직이는 원형실린더에 의하여 생성되는 정상파 및 쇄파에 대한 실험적 연구를 회류수조에서 수행하였다. 실린더의 몰수깊이에 따른 자유표면 형상, 물체표면 압력분포를 계측하였고 물체후류에서의 속도, 전수두손실 분포와 난류강도를 계측하였다. 총3부로 나누어 발표할 본 연구의 제1부는 실험장치와 몰수깊이에 따른 파형과 압력분포 변화를 소개하고 있다. 이 내용은 전통적인 선박유체역학 분야 종사자들에게 유익한 실험자료를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 뒤이어 발표될 제2부는 쇄파주의 순간 유동장의 정량적 가시화를 통한 실린더와 쇄파간의 상호작용을 해석하고자 한다.

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Comparison of treatment effects between four premolar extraction and total arch distalization using the modified C-palatal plate

  • Jo, Sung Youn;Bayome, Mohamed;Park, Justyn;Lim, Hee Jin;Kook, Yoon-Ah;Han, Seong Ho
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제48권4호
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    • pp.224-235
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    • 2018
  • Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the skeletal, dental, and soft-tissue treatment effects of nonextraction therapy using the modified C-palatal plate (MCPP) to those of premolar extraction (PE) treatment in adult patients with Class II malocclusion. Methods: Pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalographs of 40 adult patients with Class II malocclusion were retrospectively analyzed. The MCPP group comprised 20 patients treated with total arch distalization of the maxillary arch while the PE group comprised 20 patients treated with four PE. Fifty-eight linear and angular measurements were analyzed to assess the changes before and after treatment. Descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and multivariate analysis of variance were performed to evaluate the treatment effects within and between the two groups. Results: The MCPP group presented 3.4 mm of retraction, 1.0 mm of extrusion, and $7.3^{\circ}$ lingual inclination of the maxillary central incisor. In comparison, the PE group displayed greater amount of maxillary central incisor retraction and retroclination, mandibular incisor retraction, and upper lip retraction (5.3 mm, $14.8^{\circ}$, 5.1 mm, and 2.0 mm, respectively; p < 0.001 for all). In addition, the MCPP group showed 4.0 mm of distalization and 1.3 mm of intrusion with $2.9^{\circ}$ distal tipping of the maxillary first molars. Conclusions: These findings suggest the MCPP is an effective distalization appliance in the maxillary arch. The amount of incisor retraction, however, was significantly higher in the PE group. Therefore, four PE may be recommended when greater improvement of incisor position and soft-tissue profile is required.

대학생의 문제음주와 감각처리특성과의 상관관계 (The Correlation Between Problem Drinking and Sensory Processing Feature in College Students)

  • 박영주;송강식
    • 대한감각통합치료학회지
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.23-31
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    • 2015
  • 목적 : 대학생의 문제음주와 감각처리특성과의 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 대학생 162명을 대상으로 2015년 4월부터 2015년 6월까지 문제음주와 감각처리특성 검사를 설문조사 방법으로 실시하였다. 연구도구는 한국형 알코올사용장애 선별검사와 청소년/성인 감각프로파일을 사용하였다. 문제음주와 감각처리특성과의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 상관분석을 사용하였다. 결과 : 감각처리특성에서 문제음주의 유무에 따른 대상자 집단 간에는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 문제음주군에서 한국형 알코올사용장애 선별검사점수와 감각예민에서 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 결론 : 문제음주는 감각처리특성 중 감각예민과 낮은 상관성이 있었다. 대학생의 문제음주를 치료하기 위해 그들의 감각처리특성을 이해하고 적절한 평가방법과 치료프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

Effect of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) Powder on the Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Emulsion-type Sausage

  • Lee, Sol-Hee;Kim, Gye-Woong;Choe, Juhui;Kim, Hack-Youn
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제38권5호
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    • pp.927-935
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    • 2018
  • Various amounts of buckwheat powder (0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%) were added to emulsion-type pork sausages. The effects of buckwheat powder on the physicochemical characteristics of the emulsion type sausages, including proximate composition, cooking yield, viscosity, pH, instrumental color, texture profile analysis (TPA), and sensory evaluation, were determined. Increased levels of added buckwheat powder led to higher moisture (p<0.05), ash content (p<0.05 or >0.05), and cooking yield (p<0.05). However, the protein and fat contents of the sausage samples were lower (p<0.05) with higher levels of added buckwheat powder. The instrumental color and pH values were affected by the addition of buckwheat powder, which has a pH of 6.1 and associated color coordinates of $L^*=75.0$, $a^*=1.3$, and $b^*=8.7$. Meat batter with 3% buckwheat powder was shown the highest (p<0.05) viscosity indicating great formation of emulsion. There were no significant differences in the TPA among the treated samples. The viscosity value increased with increasing cooking yield in the batter ($r^2=0.7283$) i.e. the correlation coefficient between the two measurements was very high and positive. For sensory traits except for tenderness, the highest scores (p<0.05) was detected on sausages with 3% added buckwheat powder by a panel. These results suggest that the addition of 3% buckwheat powder to emulsion-type sausages produces a more beneficial meat product, with a lower fat content, greater formation of emulsion and no adverse effects on sensory properties.

김치제조용 배추의 구조와 조직감 측정에 관한 연구 (Macro-and Microstructure of Chinese Cabbage Leaves and Their Texture Measurements)

  • 이철호;황인주;김정교
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제20권6호
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    • pp.742-748
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    • 1988
  • 김치제조에 사용되는 결구포합형 배추의 구조와 그 조직감 특성을 조사하는 방법을 연구하였으며 소금절임, 가열데침 공정등에 의한 배추임의 구조적 변화와 조직감 변화를 조사하였다. 배추잎의 형성순서에 따라 잎의 길이와 두께는 비례적으로 증가하였으며 두께는 최외엽에서 다소 감소하는 현상을 나타내었다. 배추잎의 미세구조는 밀집된 유관속조직 주위에 유조직 세포가 쌓여있는 형태로서 절단시험에서 외피와 유관속조직의 특징적인 절단력 곡선들을 나타내었다. 절임과 데침처리에 의하여 배추잎의 절단력은 증가하였으며 이것은 주로 세포벽의 구조적 변형에 따라 포개짐에 의한 절단면의 수적 증가에 의한 것이었다.

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Effects of corn gluten hydrolyzates, branched chain amino acids, and leucine on body weight reduction in obese rats induced by a high fat diet

  • Bong, Ha-Yoon;Kim, Ji-Yeon;Jeong, Hye-In;Moon, Min-Sun;Kim, Joo-Hee;Kwon, O-Ran
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.106-113
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    • 2010
  • In this study, we compared corn gluten hydrolyzates, BCAAs, and leucine for their effects on body weight reduction in high fat-induced obese rats in order to determine the major active components in the corn gluten hydrolyzates. After obesity was induced for 13 weeks with high fat diet, the overweight-induced SD rats (n = 64) were stratified according to body weight, randomly blocked into eight treatments, and raised for 8 weeks. Four groups were changed to a normal diet and the other groups remained on the high fat diet. Each of the groups within both diets was fed either casein, corn gluten hydrolyzates, leucine, or branched chain amino acids, respectively. Daily food intake, body weight gain, and food efficiency ratio were significantly lower in the corn gluten hydrolyzate groups compared to the other groups, regardless of the high fat diet or normal fat diet. The rats fed the corn gluten hydrolyzates diet had the lowest perirenal fat pad weights whereas muscle weight was significantly increased in the corn gluten hydrolyzates groups. Plasma triglyceride, hepatic total lipid, and total cholesterol contents were significantly reduced in the corn gluten hydrolyzates groups. Other lipid profile measurements were not significantly changed. Plasma triglyceride and hepatic total lipid were also significantly reduced in the BCAA and leucine groups. Leptin levels were significantly lower and adiponectin was significantly higher in the corn gluten hydrolyzates groups. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and HOMA-IR levels were also significantly reduced in the corn gluten hydrozylates groups, regardless of fat level.

Optically Controlled Silicon MESFET Fabrication and Characterizations for Optical Modulator/Demodulator

  • Chattopadhyay, S.N.;Overton, C.B.;Vetter, S.;Azadeh, M.;Olson, B.H.;Naga, N. El
    • JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.213-224
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    • 2010
  • An optically controlled silicon MESFET (OPFET) was fabricated by diffusion process to enhance the quantum efficiency, which is the most important optoelectronic device performance usually affected by ion implantation process due to large number of process induced defects. The desired impurity distribution profile and the junction depth were obtained solely with diffusion, and etching processes monitored by atomic force microscope, spreading resistance profiling and C-V measurements. With this approach fabrication induced defects are reduced, leading to significantly improved performance. The fabricated OPFET devices showed proper I-V characteristics with desired pinch-off voltage and threshold voltage for normally-on devices. The peak photoresponsivity was obtained at 620 nm wavelength and the extracted external quantum efficiency from the photoresponse plot was found to be approximately 87.9%. This result is evidence of enhancement of device quantum efficiency fabricated by the diffusion process. It also supports the fact that the diffusion process is an extremely suitable process for fabrication of high performance optoelectronic devices. The maximum gain of OPFET at optical modulated signal was obtained at the frequency of 1 MHz with rise time and fall time approximately of 480 nS. The extracted transconductance shows the possible potential of device speed performance improvements for shorter gate length. The results support the use of a diffusion process for fabrication of high performance optoelectronic devices.

굴착경사가 개착식터널의 구조적거동에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 (The Effect of Cut-slope on Structural Behavior of Cut-and-Cover Tunnel)

  • 유건선
    • 한국지반공학회논문집
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    • 제17권6호
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    • pp.245-255
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    • 2001
  • 기존 개탁식터널은 굴착경사와 관계없이 터널상부에는 되메움지반의 자중이 그리고, 터널벽체에는 정지토압이 작용하는 것으로 가정하여 설계되고 있다. 그러나 개착식터널에 실제 작용하는 토압은 개착규모에 따라 다르며 이에 따라 터널라이닝의 구조적거동 또한 다르게 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 수치해석적방법을 사용하여 굴착경사가 터널라이닝에 미치는 영향을 다음과 같이 조사하였다. 첫째로, 지반범용수치해석프로그램인 FLAC2D를 사용하여 개착공법으로 시공된 기존 터널의 변형거동을 모사할 수 있는 수치해석방법을 활용하여 현장의 계측결과와 비교하므로써 수치해석방법의 타당성을 검증하였고, 둘째로, 동일한 수치해석기법을 적용하여 굴착경사가 $30^{\circ}\;, 456{\circ},\; 60^{\circ},\; 75^{\circ}%인 개착식터널에 작용하는 토압 및 변위와 터널라이닝에 발생하는 단면력을 조사하였다. 수치해석에 사용된 개착식터널은 2차로 도로터널이며, 터널라이닝과 되메움지반 사이의 마찰력을 고려하기 위하여 접합면 요소를 사용하였다. 수치 해석결과, 되메움지반과 터널라이닝 및 굴착사면 사이의 마찰력에 의한 되메움지반 내부의 아칭현상으로 인하여 굴착 경사가 클수록 터널벽체에 상대적으로 작은 토압이 작용하였으며, 이에 따라 터널라이닝의 변형, 모멘트, 전단력이 증가하였음을 알 수 있었다.

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