• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.47
• /
• pp.291-312
• /
• 2017

This paper examines how 'house' is meaningful in Chi Li's novel. Chi Li focuses on the house as a symbol of status, and the house as a place of gender performance. First, as a sign that symbolizes an individual's identity, 'house' is divided into intellectual and petit bourgeois, and constitutes binarism into civilization/non-civilization, knowledge/non-knowledge, spirit/anti-spirit and superior/inferior. In recognizing the irrationality and unfairness behind house symbolizing intellectual and petit bourgeois, Chi Li shatters the boundaries of the binaralized house as a sign of identity. Second, it dismantles the house as a place where gender is (re)produced. This is accomplished through two aspects. One is to re-define a private area house as a public area in which economic activity occurs. The house, as a public area in which economic activity occurs, becomes a place where women are reborn as economic entities. Passive, dependent femininity is reconstructed as independent and subjective. The other dismantles the definition of the house which is identified with masculinity. The house identified with masculinity is a place that symbolizes the socio-economic capacity of men. According to the socio-economic ability of males, the house is a place symbolizing the realization of masculinity, and it becomes a place to fix the gender order while reproducing masculinity. It may become a place to experience the weakening or defamation of masculinity. At that moment, the house becomes a place where the gender order of masculinity and femininity is overturned. Through this, Chi Li reconstructed, and in a sense revolutionized the definition of the house as a place where traditional gender is (re) produced by dismantling the definition of fixed femininity or masculinity.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
• /
• no.55
• /
• pp.307-334
• /
• 2018

This study analyzes the status of the designated administrative meetings of the central administrative agencies, including the number of meetings, the presence of written minutes, and the form of minutes. The implications based on the analysis are as follows. First, there were meetings that were not held, and written meetings were held. The standards for determining the designated meetings should be established. Second, when only a written meeting was held, the minutes were not made because these were not written separately. A written meeting can be held, if it is necessary. However, there is still a need to keep a detailed record similar to minutes in such cases. Third, among the minute types, a written record of the points of the meeting is preferred. Even if the meeting is closed for proper reasons, making a transcript and a record in addition to writing the points must be settled. Finally, specific standards for the procedures and reasons why meetings and minutes should be closed should be established. It is necessary to change the paradigm from the viewpoint of production and management to the viewpoint of disclosure and sharing through the improvement of standards and procedures related to designated meetings and designated meeting minutes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.12
• /
• pp.1881-1889
• /
• 2018

Objective: In dryland areas of China, alfalfa hay (AH) is a possible substitute for concentrate feed for beef cattle. To evaluate the potential benefits of this substitution, we studied the effect of the ratio of AH intake to total dry matter (DM) intake on average daily body-weight gain (ADG), dietary energy utilization status, and economic benefit in Gansu province. Methods: In each of two feeding trials in 2016 (trial 1 [T1], July 3 to 17; trial 2 [T2], August 15 to September 23), crossbred male Simmental calves were allocated to low AH (LA), medium AH (MA), and high AH (HA) feeding groups (n = 4 per group). The target ADG was set as 1 kg for both trials. In a one-way-layout design based on conventional feeding practices in the province, calves received diets containing the different AH amounts, with a constant ratio of corn stover:total DM and decreasing rations of concentrate feed proportional to the increase in AH. Calves in T1 received AH at 15% (T1-LA), 23% (T1-MA), or 31% (T1-HA) of their dietary DM allowances; those in T2 received 9% (T2-LA), 24% (T2-MA), or 34% (T2-HA) AH. Results: Among the T1 groups, both ADG and economic benefit were highest in T1-LA; whereas in T2, they were higher in the T2-LA and T2-MA groups than in T2-HA. Energy digestibility did not significantly differ among the groups in either trial. The dietary AH inclusion ratios of 14% in the warm season and 8% to 21% in the cool season appeared to yield optimal ADG, metabolizable energy intake, and economic benefit. Conclusion: Low-level inclusion of AH, ranging from 8% to 21%, is a practical approach for beef cattle feeding. This modified feeding regimen likely will promote increased growth performance during the fattening stage of beef steers in dryland areas of Gansu province, China.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.61 no.2
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 2019

Maize which has very high omega-6 fatty acid content has been used as a main feed grain for Hanwoo beef production to increase marbling, and thus omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids ratio in Hanwoo beef is expected to be biased. To elucidate the current status of omega fatty acids ratio in Hanwoo beef, fatty acid profiles of neutral lipid and phospholipid fraction were analyzed separately using 55 Hanwoo steers' longissimus dorsi muscle slaughtered at Pyeongchang, Korea from Oct. to Nov. 2015. In addition, an association study was conducted to evaluate associations between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers from references and omega fatty acid profiles in phospholipid of Hanwoo beef samples using analysis of variance (ANOVA). In neutral lipid fraction, composition of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids was higher and polyunsaturated fatty acids was lower compared to those in phospholipid fraction. The mean n-6/n-3 ratios of Hanwoo were $56.059{\pm}16.180$ and $26.811{\pm}6.668$ in phospholipid and neutral lipid, respectively. There were three SNPs showing statistically significant associations with omega fatty acid content. GA type of rs41919985 in fatty acid synthase (FASN) was significantly associated with the highest amount of C20:5 n-3 (p = 0.031). CC type of rs41729173 in fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) was significantly associated with the lowest amount of C22:2n-6 (p = 0.047). AG type of rs42187261 in FADS1 was significantly linked to the lowest concentration of C20:4 n-6 (p = 0.044). The total n-6/n-3 ratio of the steer which has all four SNP types in above loci (27.905) was much lower than the mean value of the total n-6/n-3 ratio in phospholipid of the 55 Hanwoo steers ($56.059{\pm}16.180$). It was found that phospholipid and neutral lipid of Hanwoo have very high n-6/n-3 ratios compared to the reported data from different cow breeds. Four SNPs in genes related with fatty acid metabolism showed significant associations with the fatty acid profile of phospholipid and may have potential as SNP markers to select Hanwoo steers in terms of n-6/n-3 balance in the future.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.511-524
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide policy recommendations for manpower planning by forecasting the supply and demand of Medical Technologists. Supply was estimated using an in-and-out movement method with a demographic method based on a baseline projection model. Demand was projected according to a demand-based method using the number of clinico-pathologic examinations taken for Medical Technologists. Over- or undersupply of Medical Technologists will depend on the productivity scenario and assumptions and ultimately on governmental policy direction. In other words, whether the production of Medical Technologists is higher or lower than the current level depends on the government policy to consider insurance finances. In this study, we assessed 'productivity scenario 3' based on the productivity as of 2012, when the government's policy direction was not considered. Based on the demand scenario using the ARIMA model, the supply of Medical Technologists is expected to be excessive. This oversupply accounts for less than 10% of the total and therefore should not be a big problem. However, given that the employment rate of Medical Technologists is 60%, it is necessary to consider policies to utilize the unemployed. These measures should expand the employment opportunities for the unemployed. To this end, it is necessary to strengthen the functions of laboratories in the public health center, to increase the quota of Medical Technologists, to assure their status, to establish a permanent inspection system for outpatient patients, and to expand the export of Medical Technologists overseas.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.161-170
• /
• 2019

Multi-product mass production small and medium enterprise factories have a wide variety of products and a large number of products, wasting manpower and expenses for inventory management. In addition, there is no way to check the status of inventory in real time, and it is suffering economic damage due to excess inventory and shortage of stock. There are many ways to build a real-time data collection environment, but most of them are difficult to afford for small and medium-sized companies. Therefore, smart factories of small and medium enterprises are faced with difficult reality and it is hard to find appropriate countermeasures. In this paper, we implemented the contents of extension of existing inventory management method through character extraction on label with barcode and QR code, which are widely adopted as current product management technology, and evaluated the effect. Technically, through preprocessing using OpenCV for automatic recognition and classification of stock labels and barcodes, which is a method for managing input and output of existing products through computer image processing, and OCR (Optical Character Recognition) function of Google vision API. And it is designed to recognize the barcode through Zbar. We propose a method to manage inventory by real-time image recognition through Raspberry Pi without using expensive equipment.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.105-112
• /
• 2021

Unlike conventional online shopping malls that handle simple product sales, customization services have to be provided with a user-centered and smooth customizable work environment because of differences that buyers have to customize themselves. To study the ease of use of T-shirt customization web GUI, three websites that provide T-shirt customization services were selected to analyze the current status of T-shirt customization websites. Through prior research, we establish the evaluation principle as consistency and clarity, operability, feedback, coping with errors, sharing and ease of search. Based on this, the T-shirt customization web GUI design guidelines were drafted and three delphi surveys were conducted on GUI-related experts to prove the validity of the web GUI guidelines evaluation items that are effective in customizing T-shirts. This study is expected to contribute to increasing the production and usability of the T-shirt customization web and to be used as an effective reference for customization web GUI design.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
• /
• no.62
• /
• pp.225-258
• /
• 2019

Since the opening of Joseon in 1876, the photographic records of the late Joseon Dynasty and the period of the Korean Empire exist more than expected, considering the technological level and the social situations at that time. Photographs related to Korea can be distributed in various forms, such as illustrations of books printed to introduce Korea to Western society, plates of graphic journalism like newspapers or magazines, vintage prints, photo-postcards, stereo-photographs, card-type photographs, and lantern slides. There are still a great deal left in various archives of the Europe, America, Japan and Korea. According to related researchers, Korean-related photographs taken between 1863 and 1910, since Koreans were first photographed, were at least 3,000 to 4,000 cuts and the photo postcards issued was 25,000. It is said that most of them exist. This paper categorizes two ways of producing and distributing photographic records related to Korea, which were early modern times. The subjects of the photographs are clearly Korea or Koreans, but most of the producers of these photographs were Westerners and Japanese, who were imperial servants of imperialism. In the case of photography, there is a great possibility of distortion of the facts depending on the needs or perspectives of the producers. In order to correct the distortion, not only the contents of the photograph but also the intention of the producer, the production and the communication status should be grasped. This is because the problem of reading photograph records accurately and fairly in an age where there is no real experience is the cornerstone for understanding modern Korea correctly and broadly studying the Modern History of Korea.

• Food Science and Industry
• /
• v.53 no.1
• /
• pp.33-42
• /
• 2020

In accordance with the recent trend of environmentally friendly agricultural policy, product registration of agricultural chitosan among the organic materials has been displayed in various forms such as soil improving agent, crop growth, and pest control. Chitin production industry is expected to bring competitiveness by producing low-quality and low-cost chitin for agriculture, rather than high-quality and high-cost for food, medical products. Since there are various soil microorganisms that can decompose chitin and chitosan in farm soil where crops are produced, it can be applied usefully to agricultural sites suitably for crop growth and pest control using chitin and chitosan as substrates. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the registration status of organic materials companies using chitin and chitosan raw materials in the organic materials information system of the NAQS, and to provide an opportunity to further expand the agricultural use of domestic chitin and chitosan.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• v.34 no.7
• /
• pp.1116-1122
• /
• 2021

Objective: The aim was to characterize the genetic diversity evolution of the registered Mexican Charolais cattle population by pedigree analysis. Methods: Data consisted of 331,390 pedigree records of animals born from 1934 to 2018. Average complete generation equivalent, generation interval, effective population size (N_e), and effective numbers of founders (f_e), ancestors (f_a), and founder genomes (N_g) were calculated for seven five-year periods. The inbreeding coefficient was calculated per year of birth, from 1984 to 2018, whereas the gene contribution of the most influential ancestors was calculated for the latter period. Results: Average complete generation equivalent consistently increased across periods, from 4.76, for the first period (1984 through 1988), to 7.86, for the last period (2014 through 2018). The inbreeding coefficient showed a relative steadiness across the last seventeen years, oscillating from 0.0110 to 0.0145. During the last period, the average generation interval for the father-offspring pathways was nearly 1 yr. longer than that of the mother-offspring pathways. The effective population size increased steadily since 1984 (105.0) and until 2013 (237.1), but showed a minor decline from 2013 to 2018 (233.2). The population displayed an increase in the f_a since 1984 and until 2008; however, showed a small decrease during the last decade. The effective number of founder genomes increased from 1984 to 2003, but revealed loss of genetic variability during the last fifteen years (from 136.4 to 127.7). The f_a:f_e ratio suggests that the genetic diversity loss was partially caused by formation of genetic bottlenecks in the pedigree; in addition, the N_g:f_a ratio indicates loss of founder alleles due to genetic drift. The most influential ancestor explained 1.8% of the total genetic variability in the progeny born from 2014 to 2018. Conclusion: Inbreeding, N_e, f_a, and N_g are rather beyond critical levels; therefore, the current genetic status of the population is not at risk.