• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.109-119
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• 2014

This article represents a first step in a large study aimed at elucidating the relationship between production and perception involved in sound change of /o/ in (Seoul) Korean. In this paper we present the results of a production study and a perception experiment. For the production study we examined vowel production data of 20 young adult speakers, measuring the first and second formants, then conducted a discriminant analysis based on those values. In terms of their F1-F2 values, the distribution of /o/ and /u/ were close, and even overlapping in some circumstances, which is consistent with the literature. This tendency was more apparent among the female speakers than the males. Moreover, with the females' distributions, /o/ was frequently categorized as /u/, suggesting that the direction of the sound change is indeed increasing from /o/ to /u/. Next, to investigate the effects of this proximity on perception, we used the production data of five randomly selected speakers from the production study as stimuli for a perception experiment in which 21 young adult native speakers of (Seoul) Korean performed a vowel identification task and provided a Goodness rating on a 5-point scale. We found that while rates of correctness were high, when these correctness scores were weighted by the Goodness rating, these "weighted correctness" scores were lower in some cases, indicating a degree of confusion in distinguishing between the two vowels.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.776-786
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• 2016

This study intends to suggest production process of circular knitted jackets and dimensional change data of finished clothes after washing. the study provides pattern design method of circular knitted jackets by applying dimensional change. By doing so, the purpose of this study is to increase production efficiency through accurate order in consideration of loss amount of the fabrics in production. With the three fabric materials selected, this study investigated dimensional change of circular knitted jackets after sewing and washing by varying the parts to be attached to padding cloth and with or without inner lining. As for the fabric F-C (including the spandex, thicker and weightier than the other two fabrics), front width shrunk by 4.6%, which showed the biggest shrinkage among the jackets made of test fabrics. Then it suggested design methods of circular knitted jacket patterns to which dimensional change is applied according to materials, and analyzed the amount of fabric required for production by comparison of the materials. When using the fabric F-C without inner lining, there is big dimensional change and more than double amount of fabric is required. It is expected that the research results will be a basic data for pattern design and production process of circular knitted clothing.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.160-164
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• 2006

Currently, boars selected for commercial use as AI sires are evaluated on grow-finish performance and carcass characteristics. If AI sires were also evaluated and selected on semen production, it may be possible to reduce the number of boars required to service sows, thereby improving the productivity and profitability of the boar stud. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic correlations between production and semen traits in the boar: average daily gain (ADG), backfat thickness (BF) and muscle depth (MD) as production traits, and total sperm cells (TSC), total concentration (TC), volume collected (SV), number of extended doses (ND), and acceptance rate of ejaculates (AR) as semen traits. Semen collection records and performance data for 843 boars and two generations of pedigree data were provided by Smithfield Premium Genetics. Backfat thickness and MD were measured by real-time ultrasound. Genetic parameters were estimated from five four-trait and one five-trait animal models using MTDFREML. Average heritability estimates were 0.39 for ADG, 0.32 for BF, 0.15 for MD, and repeatability estimates were 0.38 for SV, 0.37 for TSC, 0.09 for TC, 0.39 for ND, and 0.16 for AR. Semen traits showed a strong negative genetic correlation with MD and positive genetic correlation with BF. Genetic correlations between semen traits and ADG were low. Therefore, current AI boar selection practices may be having a detrimental effect on semen production.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.403-431
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to integrate the business, maintenance and production processes of a manufacturing system by incorporating errors. First, the required functions are estimated according to the historical data. The system activities are simulated by Visual SLAM software and the required outputs are obtained. Several outputs including lead times in different dimensions, total cost and production rates are computed through simulation. Finally, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is utilized in order to select the best option between the defined scenarios due to the multi-criteria feature of the problem. This is the first study in which the lead times, cost and production rates are simultaneously considered in the integrated system imposed of business, maintenance and production processes by incorporating errors. In the current study, the major bottlenecks of the system being studied are identified and suggested different strategies to improve the system and make the best decision.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.289-293
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of duck production in duck housing as a function of the breeding period. The items in duck production distribution included body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and average duck production. All data were based on eight cycles (June and December, 2017; February, June, August, September, and November, 2018; February, 2019) at Farm Site 1 through 7. The most optimal results in the duck production distribution were observed at Site 1 for weight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency. This could be explained by the fact that Site 1 was well managed in environmental improvement and sustainability. Based on these data, selective alternatives to improve duck production in duck farms are recommended as follows: first, proper management and recording of litter used as a flooring material are required, and second, continuous management such as temperature, relative humidity and ventilation is needed. Lastly, it is necessary to change duck facilities by introducing environmental management techniques. Furthermore, efforts to improve the overall facilities and management of duck breeding farms through additional field studies are needed in the future.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.304-320
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• 1996

A multiple production .epsilon. equation model was developed in the low Reynolds number $\kappa$-$\varepsilon$ model with the aids of DNS data. We derived the model theoretically and avoided the use of empirical correlations as much as possible in order for the model to have generality in the prediction of complex turbulent flow. Unavoidable model constants were, however, optimized with the aids of DNS data. All the production and dissipation models in the $\varepsilon$ equation were modified with damping functions to satisfy the wall limiting behavior. A new $f_{\mu}$ function, turbulent diffusion and pressure diffusion model for the k and .epsilon. equations were also proposed to satisfy the wall limiting behavior. By, computational investigation on the plane channel flows, we found that the multiple production model for .epsilon. equation could improve the near wall turbulence behavior compared with the standard production model without the complicated empirical modification. Satisfication of the wall limiting conditions for each turbulence model term was found to be most important for the accurate prediction of near wall turbulence behaviors.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.99-104
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• 2022

This study provided a prediction model for solar energy production in Yeongam province, Jeollanam-do. The model was derived from the correlation between climate changes and solar power production in Yeongam province, Jeollanam-do, and presented a prediction of solar power generation through the regression analysis of 6 parameters related to weather and solar power generation. The data used in this study were the weather and photovoltaic production data from January in 2016 to December in 2019 provided by public data. Based on the data, the machine learning technique was used to analyzed the correlation between weather change and solar energy production and derived to the prediction model. The model showed that the photovoltaic production can be categorized by the three-stage production index and will be used as an important barometer in the agriculture activity and the use of photovoltaic electricity.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.792-803
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• 2023

This study aimed to assess the impact of weather events on the sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor L.) cultivar production trend in the central inland region of Korea during the monsoon season, using time series analysis. The sorghum-sudangrass production data collected between 1988 and 2013 were compiled along with the production year's weather data. The growing degree days (GDD), accumulated rainfall, and sunshine duration were used to assess their impacts on forage production (kg/ha) trend. Conversely, GDD and accumulated rainfall had positive and negative effects on the trend of forage production, respectively. Meanwhile, weather events such as heavy rainfall and typhoon were also collected based on weather warnings as weather events in the Korean monsoon season. The impact of weather events did not affect forage production, even with the increasing frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall. Therefore, the trend of forage production for the sorghum-sudangrass hybrid was forecasted to slightly increase until 2045. The predicted forage production in 2045 will be 14,926 ± 6,657 kg/ha. It is likely that the damage by heavy rainfall and typhoons can be reduced through more frequent harvest against short-term single damage and a deeper extension of the root system against soil erosion and lodging. Therefore, in an environment that is rapidly changing due to climate change and extreme/abnormal weather, the cultivation of the sorghum-sudangrass hybrid would be advantageous in securing stable and robust forage production. Through this study, we propose the cultivation of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid as one of the alternative summer forage options to achieve stable forage production during the dynamically changing monsoon, in spite of rather lower nutrient value than that of maize (Zea mays L.).

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.9-17
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• 2016

In order to examine how accurately the wind farm design software, WindPRO and Meteodyn WT, predict annual energy production (AEP), an investigation was carried out for Seongsan wind farm of Jeju Island. The one-year wind data was measured from wind sensors on met masts of Susan and Sumang which are 2.3 km, and 18 km away from Seongsan wind farm, respectively. MERRA (Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications) reanalysis data was also analyzed for the same period of time. The real AEP data came from SCADA system of Seongsan wind farm, which was compare with AEP data predicted by WindPRO and Meteodyn WT. As a result, AEP predicted by Meteodyn WT was lower than that by WindPRO. The analysis of using wind data from met masts led to the conclusion that AEP prediction by CFD software, Meteodyn WT, is not always more accurate than that by linear program software, WindPRO. However, when MERRA reanalysis data was used, Meteodyn WT predicted AEP more accurately than WindPRO.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.64-73
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• 2022

This document describes the technologies related to internet protocol (IP)-based media production systems. As high-capacity, high-quality data transmission increases, broadcast production platforms are shifting to IP. The IP-based production system uses the network by sharing resources and is easy to control centrally. It also facilitates software-based cloud production. A cloud IP-based media production platform can work regardless of dedicated hardware and can easily collaborate. Associations and industrial groups have created common standards related to production, and manufacturers are developing solutions with their technologies based on their product competitiveness. This study investigates the open standard technologies used for IP-based media production and technology trends in the ProAV industry and describes the production in the cloud environment and cloud AI-based production technology trends.