• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.305-317
• /
• 2020

Not all sciatica-like manifestations are of lumbar spine origin. Some of them are caused at points along the extra-spinal course of the sciatic nerve, making diagnosis difficult for the treating physician and delaying adequate treatment. While evaluating a patient with sciatica, straightforward diagnostic conclusions are impossible without first excluding sciatica mimics. Examples of benign extra-spinal sciatica are: piriformis syndrome, walletosis, quadratus lumborum myofascial pain syndrome, cluneal nerve disorder, and osteitis condensans ilii. In some cases, extra-spinal sciatica may have a catastrophic course when the sciatic nerve is involved in cyclical sciatica, or the piriformis muscle in piriformis pyomyositis. In addition to cases of sciatica with clear spinal or extra-spinal origin, some cases can be a product of both origins; the same could be true for pseudo-sciatica or sciatica mimics, we simply don't know how prevalent extra-spinal sciatica is among total sciatica cases. As treatment regimens differ for spinal, extra-spinal sciatica, and sciatica-mimics, their precise diagnosis will help physicians to make a targeted treatment plan. As published works regarding extra-spinal sciatica and sciatica mimics include only a few case reports and case series, and systematic reviews addressing them are hardly feasible at this stage, a scoping review in the field can be an eye-opener for the scientific community to do larger-scale prospective research.

• 한국전자거래학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.97-119
• /
• 2016

가상현실 상황에서 모션인식 사용자 인터페이스는 사용자 경험의 현실감을 향상시킨다. 본 연구는 모션인식 인터페이스로 활용되는 제품인 '립모션'에 대한 잠재고객들의 혁신저항 및 수용 메커니즘을 지각된 위험 이론을 기반으로 연구하였다. 기존 혁신저항 및 제품 수용에 관련된 연구들은 지각된 위험의 결과 또는 지각된 가치가 수용의도에 미치는 영향을 단면적으로 다루어 왔다. 본 연구는 수용과 저항의 다차원적 관점을 기반으로 선행연구를 종합적으로 검토하여 지각된 위험 및 가치에 영향을 미치는 선행요인들을 제시하고 지각된 위험과 가치가 혁신저항에 미치는 복합적인 역학관계를 다루고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 기존의 수용 관점 모형에 포함되었던 선행요인들이 지각된 위험을 감소시킬 수 있고, 지각된 가치가 높으면 혁신저항이 감소한다는 점을 발견하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제16권8호
• /
• pp.517-528
• /
• 2016

이 연구는 이미 실생활에서 사용되고 있으나 이에 대한 실증적 사용자 경험 조사가 부족한 사물인터넷 기반 제품에 대한 새로운 사용자 경험 방법론을 탐색해보고자 진행되었다. 지금까지의 사용자 경험에 대한 연구가 주로 설문이나 관찰 방법 등을 통해 이루어져 온 것과 달리 본 연구에서는 사물인터넷 기반 제품 중 지능형 에이전트인 아마존 에코(Echo)를 대상으로 사용자들의 온라인 리뷰를 분석하는 빅데이터 분석 기법을 활용하여 사용자 경험을 살펴보았다. 토픽 모델링 분석 결과, 에코의 기능, 음성 인터랙션, 지속적인 기능 개선과 관련된 사용 경험 요인들이 도출되었다. 또한 회귀분석결과 지속적인 기능 개선이 만족도에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 연구의 의의는 사용자 경험을 제고할 수 있는 지능형 사물인터넷 제품 연구방법으로서 빅데이터 분석방법론 활용 가능성을 제시한 점이다.

• 조형예술학연구
• /
• 제1권
• /
• pp.267-303
• /
• 1999

The visual humor can be regarded as an original source for creative ideation. There are several types of humor. for example,'wit, satire, irony and so on. These can be motivations of developing an up-to-date idea. Wit differs from most humor in being purely intellectual, rather than relying on incongruities that come up naturally in many situations. The humor of words contains pun, hyperbole, repetition, and comparison or contrast. Especially in case of pun, it can be most important type of humor for making analytical and humorous effects visually. Pun, meaning the humor of double meaning, furnish us with much of our humor. The concept of pun is the most valuable for creating the visual humor by substituting, combining and manipulating symbols. There are essentially three distinct categories of puns : the literal pun, the suggestive pun, and the comparative pun. All types of puns belong to one of these three groups. The definitions are simple to understand and easy to apply for creating the visual humor, In order to develop a better conceptual model, (this researcher) reexamine the concept of humor, the relationship of humor to various types of message processing, and the relationship of humor to various aspects of message. This thesis. is primarily concerned with basic theories of humor such as concepts of humor, types of humor and analysis of humor. And this contains the research of humor's communications effects and theory of humor response with literature reviews. Modem theories of humor response generally fall into three major schools : Incongruity theories, Superiority theories and Arousal (Relief theories. Together these three approaches address the cognitive-perceptual, affective-evaluative and psycho-dynamic dimensions of a subject's humor response. The literature research of humor and humor response theory in communications and visual communications can help the visual application of humor concepts and usefulness of visual humor appeals. This research agreed that the humor and visual humor must be very effective at being as a means for the advertising expression, not for the purpose itself. In addition, this research is aimed at studying significations and usefulness of visual humor through semiotic approaches in the near future. Then it can be essencial research for the appropriate situational uses of humor related to media, product, and audience factors, such as nationality, age, standard of living, sexuality, and so on.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제28권12호
• /
• pp.1669-1679
• /
• 2015

The quest to broaden the narrow range of feed ingredients available to pig producers has prompted research on the use of low cost, unconventional feedstuffs, which are typically fibrous and abundant. Maize cobs, a by-product of a major cereal grown worldwide, have potential to be used as a pig feed ingredient. Presently, maize cobs are either dumped or burnt for fuel. The major challenge in using maize cobs in pig diets is their lignocellulosic nature (45% to 55% cellulose, 25% to 35% hemicellulose, and 20% to 30% lignin) which is resistant to pigs' digestive enzymes. The high fiber in maize cobs (930 g neutral detergent fiber/kg dry matter [DM]; 573 g acid detergent fiber/kg DM) increases rate of passage and sequestration of nutrients in the fiber reducing their digestion. However, grinding, heating and fermentation can modify the structure of the fibrous components in the maize cobs and improve their utilization. Pigs can also extract up to 25% of energy maintenance requirements from fermentation products. In addition, dietary fiber improves pig intestinal health by promoting the growth of lactic acid bacteria, which suppress proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in the intestines. This paper reviews maize cob composition and the effect on digestibility of nutrients, intestinal microflora and growth performance and proposes the use of ensiling using exogenous enzymes to enhance utilization in diets of pigs.

• 복식
• /
• 제65권1호
• /
• pp.89-103
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is to design fashion-cultural products by reviewing the symbolism in Changseung and Sotdae, which are folk belief sculptures. This study was performed by literature reviews of Changseung and Sotdae in order to look into the characteristics of folk belief and traditional culture, and the designs were developed from the symbolism extracted from Changseung and Sotdae with photoshop CS5 and illustrator CS5. The Symbolism of Changseung and Sotdae were as follows: First, Changseung and Sotdae express the 'symbiotic world view' that human beings need to devote one's life to nature. Second, original materials were saved in order to achieve the 'pursuit of essence'. Third, 'simple esthetic expression' was symbolized through the undivided condition between art, religion and life. And fourth, 'empathic humor' was seen through the basis of emotional sense of affinity. The first concept of design development was 'Pursuit of Essence', which was inspired by the characteristics of 'symbiotic world view' and 'pursuit of essence'. Changseungs were expressed as simple and abstract, and Sotdaes as simplified and modern by symmetrical and rotating copy. The second concept, 'Touch of Humor' was inspired by 'simple esthetic expression' and 'emphatic humor'. The face of Changseungs was exaggerated in a humorous ways and Sotdae was developed as sub-motives. The items for the fashion-cultural design were T-shirts, bags, and scarves. Total of 24 items were developed with 4 differently styled designs for each concept. This study was based on basic culture and attempted to diversify the traditional culture items. It hopes to raise the value of traditional culture, and furthermore help build up national competitiveness.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.617-627
• /
• 2020

This study investigates the apparel sizing communication presented in online retail websites focusing on women's ready-to-wear tailored jackets and to analyze the meaning of these information as the actual product size guide factor. A total of 34 retail websites were selected based on the highest growth fashion companies list and the best fashion brands list. We collected size information in two types: size specifications including sizing code, body measurements, garment measurements, and size references including customized size guide tools, size information in customer reviews, model size information, and others. Most websites prefer to present garment measurements rather than body measurements that are recommended notations under Korean standards and related regulations. In addition, there was the absence of consistency in presenting measurements list and terms that can confuse consumers in size communication. This study found that the stature measurement was a key factor in size reference despite that it did not represent a proper garment size. The obsolete Korean numbering sizing code such as '55 and '66 was still used in many ways such as idiomatic expressions for body shape. It also implied that we can take advantage of the old sizing code for accessible size information. The finding of this study gives an in-depth diagnosis of current online sizing information problems and suggests useful basic data for developing online apparel size standards and marketing strategies.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.152-161
• /
• 2017

Cheese is an excellent substrate for yeast and mold growth. These organisms can cause cheese spoilage, resulting in significant food wastage and economic losses. In the context of cheese spoilage, the presence and effects of spoilage or pathogenic bacteria are well documented. In contrast, although yeasts and molds are responsible for much dairy food wastage, only a few studies have examined the diversity of spoilage fungi. This article reviews the spoilage yeasts and molds affecting cheeses in various countries. The diversity and number of fungi present were found to depend on the type of cheese. Important fungi growing on cheese include Candida spp., Galactomyces spp., Debaryomyces spp., Yarrowia spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp., Cladosporium spp., Geotrichum spp., Mucor spp., and Trichoderma spp.. In addition, several mold spoilage species, such as Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp., are able to produce mycotoxins, which may also be toxic to humans. There are many ways to eliminate or reduce toxin levels in foods and feeds. However, the best way to avoid mycotoxins in cheese is to prevent mold contamination since there are limitations to mold degradation or detoxifications in cheese. Chemical preservatives, natural products, and modified atmosphere packaging have been used to prevent or delay mold spoilage and improve product shelf life and food safety.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1991년도 하계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.102-105
• /
• 1991

In recognition of the transportation problems of the present and to prepare for the ever increasing demands of the future, government decided to develop the magnetically levitated train domestically and started R&D program office in Korea Institute of Machinery and Metals(KIMM). This office since has established three step by step goals : first to develop a 40 passenger exhibition vehicle for Daejon EXPO'93, second to develop the low to mid-speed maglev system for urban public transportation by 1997 and finally the high speed inter-city maglev train by year 2001. The first two maglev systems will use attractive levitation-LIM driven technologies and these technologies are the ones currently being developed by this office and others. The maglev train system is a product of wide range of technologies from electro-technologies to civil engineering technologies. Some of the technologies are currently available but more have to be developed in the near future and these technologies are owned by or to be developed by various institutions within the science & technology community. The level of the technologies available at the present time are still very rudimentary and their basis are very narrow. Recently we have made a few successes in terms of levitation and propulsion but they are only with small scale modules and results are very qualitative at best. A great deal of development work has yet to be done to refine the technologies and to gain confidence. Full scale levitation/propulsion modules will be tested on the curved guideway within 6 months by this office and another institution. This paper reviews the current status of the maglev technologies in Korea and discuss the development strategies. The Korean maglev program is very ambitious and the schedule is even more so. A steady financial support and strong system engineering and integration are essential to the success of this program.

• 공학교육연구
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.64-73
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 공학설계 교육을 통해 진행되는 개념설계와 제품설계의 문제해결과정이 학생들의 자기주도학습 능력 향상에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 구명하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 입문설계교육을 수강한 학생들을 대상으로 심층면담을 실시하였는데, 이를 통해 도출된 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 문제해결과정을 통해 학습욕구를 진단하고 해결해야 할 문제를 정의하는 것의 중요함을 깨닫게 되었다. 둘째, 문제정의 후 문제해결을 위한 학습계획을 구성하고 이를 체계적으로 수행해 나가는 것이 중요함을 인지하게 되었다. 셋째, 문제해결을 진행하는 과정에서 지속적인 수정 보완이 필요함을 알게 되었고, 과정 종료 후에도 평가 및 점검이 필요하다는 사실을 인지하게 되었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 볼 때 설계 교육의 문제해결과정은 학생들이 자기주도적으로 학습하는데 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있었다.