• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.3
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• pp.169-196
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• 2005

The point of Bush administraion’s foreign policy is to support the promotion and stability of Democracy in Iraq and counter terrorism and spread of WMD with his strong propulsive force caused by his reelection. In such an environment, there are his leadership, his team, himself, Kim Jung Il, and a new understanding of North Korea after September 11 as the effective factors of Bush administration’s policy toward Pyongyang. Bush administration’s foreign policy of North Korea also shows the process of North Korea’s nuclear weapon program and the future scenario of the Korean Peninsula with "the persistence of solving North Korea’s nuclear weapon program such as the method having done in Lybia", "the holding unconditional talks with Pyongyang, and "the continual concerns with human rights in North Korea." The purpose of Bush administration’s foreign policy of North Korea is to make North Korea do not support terrorism rather than remove the nuclear weapon in North Korea. The process of outlining South Korea’s policy toward North Korea must be considered for "national interest" with reasonable analyses not just hopes For this, South Korea must access systematically human rights of North Korea, prepare projects for a daring approach on North Korea, and strengthen South Korea’s defense ability toward North Korea with deep alliance with U.S and systematize the mutual understanding channel between U.S and South Korea. In conclusion, South Korea must try to get specific methods and practices about Bush administration’s foreign policy of North Korea with national wisdom

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.217-236
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• 2013

As the information needs in civil society is getting diverse, the interest in local policy process based on the characteristics of local communities, especially in local policy implementation is growing. However, research in library and information policy has focused rather on policy alternatives than policy process in Korea. In this study, we analyze the policy implementation in "the First Library in my Life" policy in Kyeonggi province with the framework of the Street-Level Bureaucracy Model by Michael Lipsky. In the analysis, we attempt to identify factors in the policy implementation, to examine the usefulness of the model into the situation of Korean library policy, and to suggest major considerations in the policy implementation in Korean public libraries for successful policy implementation. From the results, the usefulness of the model is examined and the need of considering indirect socio-economic factors is suggested.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.39-53
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• 2022

This study conducted a conformity review of Korean shipping industry policy and suggested that the Korean five-year shipping reconstruction policy has not violated the WTO (World Trade Organization) trade law agreement yet. In order to investigate the latest Korean shipping policy, domestic and foreign reports were reviewed, and after that, the WTO's published data and domestic and foreign journals were analyzed. Through this process, this study tried to review the conformity of trade laws by major Korean shipping policies. The shipping industry is a representative service industry, and subsidies for this are not subject to WTO-level regulation in principle. The purpose of Korean shipping industry policy is to support the shipping industry, a type of service industry, and even if the ship-building and manufacturing industries (shipper) indirectly spread benefits in the process, this is unintentional or private-level support. That is, this study concluded that It is understood that Korea's five-year shipping reconstruction policy does not violate the WTO trade law agreement.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.447-467
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• 2015

In this paper, we consider a multi-risk model based on the policy entrance process with n independent policies. For each policy, the entrance process of the customer is a non-homogeneous Poisson process, and the claim process is a renewal process. The loss process of the single-risk model is a random sum of stochastic processes, and the actual individual claim sizes are described as extended upper negatively dependent (EUND) structure with heavy tails. We derive precise large deviations for the loss process of the multi-risk model after giving the precise large deviations of the single-risk model. Our results extend and improve the existing results in significant ways.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to dimensionally examine the factors of policy changes by applying the ACMS model to KEPCO's structural reorganization privatization policies and study its implications. As a result of the analysis, among the external variables that affect as a financial source or restriction to advocates, all areas except for the difference in opinion of the people as well as policy decision and effects of other subordinate systems were shown to be in an advantageous condition acting as a financial source to advocates of structural reorganization privatization. On the other hand, advocates affected by the external variables share a certain belief system in which the advocates of privatization share the justification of profitability while the advocates of collectivization share the justification of publicness. In these flows, the announcement of the privatization plan of public enterprises of the committee of planning and budgeting acts as a matter of contact which opens the windows for policy changes, and this window goes through ignition, explosion, and fixation which causes fierce interactions among advocates of both sides. Eventually, in accordance with the contents of excluding electricity(KEPCO) from the list for privatization the window for policy changes has closed and things have changed to a transitional KEPCO privatization policy. Based on this, the first implication is that non-official participants such as the people, social organizations, labor unions, etc. influence policy changes more than they did before. Secondly, in the process of policy changes, there is an order of boundary even in the fierce interactions between each advocate. Thirdly, specific variables can play various roles in complex policy phenomenon. Fourthly, a logical analysis using the ACMS model is possible in Korea as well. Fifthly, as a result of analyzing the change process of the KEPCO structural reorganization privatization policy through the ACMS model, not all matched with the main research results implied by the ACMS model.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.336-346
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• 2017

Background: Due to the asymmetry of information and knowledge and the power of bureaucrats and medical professionals, it is not easy for citizens to participate in health care policy making. This study analyzes the case of the insured organization participating in the Health Insurance Policy Committee (HIPC) and provides a basis for discussing methods and conditions for better public participation. Methods: Qualitative analysis was conducted using the in-depth interviews with the participants and document data such as materials for HIPC meetings. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposively sampled six participants from organizations representing the insured in HIPC. The meanings related to the factors affecting participation were found and categorized into major categories. Results: The main factors affecting participating in the decision making process were trust and cooperation among the participants, structure and procedure of governance, representation and expertise of participants, and contents of issues. Due to limited cooperation, participants lacked influence in important decisions. There was an imbalance in power due to unreasonable procedures and criteria for governance. As the materials for meetings were provided inappropriate manner, it was difficult for participants to understand the contents and comments on the meeting. Due to weak accountability structure, opinions from external stakeholders have not been well received. The participation was made depending on the expertise of individual members. The degree of influence was different depending on the contents of the issues. Conclusion: In order to meet the values of democracy and realize the participation that the insured can demonstrate influence, it is necessary to have a fair and reasonable procedure and a sufficient learning environment. More deliberative structure which reflects citizen's public perspective is required, rather than current negotiating structure of HIPC.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.2-9
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• 1983

As will be seen, this paper is tries that the research on the mathematical structure of Markov process and Markovian sequential decision process (the policy improvement iteration method,) moreover, that it analyze the logic and the characteristic of behavior of mathematical model of Markov process. Therefore firstly, it classify, on research of mathematical structure of Markov process, the forward equation and backward equation of Chapman-kolmogorov equation and of kolmogorov differential equation, and then have survey on logic of equation systems or on the question of uniqueness and existence of solution of the equation. Secondly, it classify, at the Markovian sequential decision process, the case of discrete time parameter and the continuous time parameter, and then it explore the logic system of characteristic of the behavior, the value determination operation and the policy improvement routine.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.211-222
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• 2007

This paper aims to evaluate the new regional development policy which is entirely focused on the lagging rural regions in Korea. The new regional development, called the shin-hwal-ryuk policy is to reflect the radical change in the idea and philosophy of rural development. Although traditional rural development policies were top-down-based and physical infrastructure-centered, the new rural development policy idea is based on bottom-up and soft infrastructure which is related to the promotion of regional innovation capacities. However, it is revealed that the new rural policy involves a variety of problems in the process of establishing and making progress the policy plan in a local level. In the operating process of the policy plan, the central government has shown too quick-tempered for achieving visible outcomes, while many of local government suffer from the lacks of professional capabilities to carry out the plan. I see that as a result of the mixture of these problems the new policy is regarded as 'passively localized process' by the central government rather than 'actively localizing process' by the region for building regional innovation capacity.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.123-149
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• 2013

In the past three decades since the advent of market oriented reforms began in 1978, China has made rapid strides in catalyzing economic growth. The economic development coincides with the development of significant capabilities in several areas of science, technology, and innovation. China has recorded notable achievements in a number of emerging fields. This paper investigates the process that has catalyzed the developments in Science and Technology (S&T) and the key factors that have facilitated this process. The causality of dynamism of S&T in China points at targeted development, an emphasis on high growth industries and high technology, commensurate resource mobilization, ruthless restructuring of innovation actors, dynamic organization and management of R&D, continuously evolving policies with strict enforcement, and implementable instruments. This paper attempts to bring out the roadmap of the Chinese transformation process in S&T and derive policy lessons for India.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.159-191
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• 2016

In order to deal with uncertainty and conflicting interests in technological risk policy-making, various participatory decision-making models have been practiced. This participatory approach is an alterative to the traditional process of science and technology policy-making where scientific experts provide evidence and government officials make decisions. However, there still remain different opinions on who should play what kind of role in decision-making process. Therefore this paper examines the division of labour in the public deliberations for radioactive waste management policy carried out in the UK and Korea. It discusses the ways in which various actors are defined, and the rationales are employed for allocating actors to certain roles and participatory methods. In so doing, this paper unfolds the ways in which the participatory decision-making process for risk governance is delivered in real policy context. Similarities and differences revealed in the division of labour of two cases contribute to development of radioactive waste management policy and the policy instruments for risk governance.