• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 1999

This paper investigates the comparative effectiveness of two kinds of instructional methods in transfer of mathematics learning: one based on the situated cognition, ie. situated learning and the other based on traditional learning. Two classes of second graders studied the instruction about 3-digit addition and subtraction. After that, they completed two written tests and a real situation test. As a result. no significant differences were found between the two group's performance on the written test 1 and real situation test. But the situated learning group performed significantly better on the performance of story problem than traditional group. This result indicated that the situated learning made improvement in transfer of mathematic loaming. As a result of interviews with 12 children, the situated loaming group's children were able to use contextual resources in solving real situation as well as story problems.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.53 no.8
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• pp.538-544
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• 2015

In a dental treatment, a dentist has to know the possibility to happen all kinds of the emergency and to prepare for managing that situation. Especially, the cardiac arrest is the most serious emergent problem. If the accident were happened, most dentists got embarrassed. The American Heart Association (AHA) is offering the Basic Life Support (BLS), Advanced Cardiopulmonary Life Support (ACLS) and Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) programs for the healthcare who need to prepare the life threatening situation. The PALS is specialized to someone who participate in pediatric health-care field. This program is composed of three major emergency problems, such as respiratory emergencies, shock and cardiac arrests. The main concepts of the PALS are early recognition and systemic team approach. The purpose of this study was to introduce about PALS and to prepare response system for emergencies in the dental environment.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.30-35
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• 2023

This study is an example of a class of bibliotherapy through Lee Chung-joon's novel Snowy Road. Bibliotherapy proceeds through the process of identification, catharsis, output, insight, and application through reading. Through research, students objectively examine the situation of the character in the novel and compare it with their own situation. Students evaluate the situation of the character in the novel, experience the various life positions of the character in the novel by answering "What would you do if I were a character in the novel," and express their willingness to live differently from their lives. At the same time, I look into my relationship with my parents and seriously think about whether there is a problem and how to solve it if there is one. Through this process, students specifically suggest ways to think about and solve their emotions and problems. In the end, students' hurt feelings can be partially or sufficiently healed through reading. Through this study, it is expected that the method of bibliotherapy will be more concrete and develop in a positive direction.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.221-235
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• 2007

Open problems can provide experiences for students to yield originative and various products in their level, because it is open with respect to its departure situation, goal situation, or solving method. Teachers need to pose and utilize open problems in forms of solution-finding or proving problems. For this we first have to specify which resource and method to use by concrete examples. In this article, we exemplify a method and procedure of posing an open problem by the two cases in which we pose open problems by reorganizing given closed problems. And we analyze students' responses for the two posed open problems. On the basis of these, we reflect implications for mathematical education of open problems.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.565-587
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze the understanding of the meaning of fraction division and fraction division algorithm of elementary mathematical gifted students through the process of problem posing and solving activities. For this goal, students were asked to pose more than two real-world problems with respect to the fraction division of ${\frac{3}{4}}{\div}{\frac{2}{3}}$, and to explain the validity of the operation ${\frac{3}{4}}{\div}{\frac{2}{3}}={\frac{3}{4}}{\times}{\frac{3}{2}}$ in the process of solving the posed problems. As the results, although the gifted students posed more word problems in the 'inverse of multiplication' and 'inverse of a cartesian product' situations compared to the general students and pre-service elementary teachers in the previous researches, most of them also preferred to understanding the meaning of fractional division in the 'measurement division' situation. Handling the fractional division by converting it into the division of natural numbers through reduction to a common denominator in the 'measurement division', they showed the poor understanding of the meaning of multiplication by the reciprocal of divisor in the fraction division algorithm. So we suggest following: First, instruction on fraction division based on various problem situations is necessary. Second, eliciting fractional division algorithm in partitive division situation is strongly recommended for helping students understand the meaning of the reciprocal of divisor. Third, it is necessary to incorporate real-world problem posing tasks into elementary mathematics classroom for fostering mathematical creativity as well as problem solving ability.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.385-396
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to present an actual example for procedures for developing a PBL package based on philosophical backgrounds derived from Problem-based learning. To perform a systemic study on the operations of an intergrated curricula under multidisciplines, a research team made up of several professors with different academic backgrounds was formed. Among the four situations for the patients with perception-adjustment disorder, especially a procedure for the development of PBL package which can be used in the emergency room situation has been proposed. The little(2000)'s PBL package model has been applied for this study. Tha package includes course objectives, learning objectives, concept map, situation scenario, tutor guide, and evaluation method. It is believed that learning objectives achievement procedures designed as a part of a problem-based learning package development procedures for the nursing of patients with perception-adjustment can be achieved at the same level as the learning objectives for the science of nursing founded by the Korean Nurses Association.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.109-119
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• 2016

This study analyzed how the situation of the elderly problems around the issue appeared on theory and field. First was to identify elderly issues with a theoretical argument about the elderly problem, from the perspective of structural functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interaction theory. The issues of older issues was selected to increase, divorce increases and remarried decline in the elderly, exclusion from the labor market, and dilemmas, such as political participation and volunteering in the elderly households study the current situation and their problems for them. the results in terms of social issues the first solution to the problem, the elderly, it is necessary to switch recognition for the elderly. Second, we need to remove negative perceptions about older people. Third, we must establish a complementary relationship between the state and the private sector.In conclusion, it should be full in order to solve the elderly problem in terms of social issues, not limited to the elderly problem in the elderly subject matter of an individual or family corresponds to publicize it as a social problem social preemptively.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.249-259
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• 1997

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationships of maternal attachment, social competence and interpersonal cognitive problem-solving skill. fifty-four children aged 5 and 6 years and their mothers were observed and videotaped in a strange situation. Children were interviewed in order to assess interpersonal cognitive problem solving skill. teachers rated children's social development using modified ISCE(Iowa Social Competency Scale : Preschool Forma). The results showed that there were significant relationships of maternal attachment, social competence and interpersonal cognitive problem-solving skill. children of the secure attachment to mothers were greater social activator, cooperative, alternative solution thought and consequential thought. In contrast, children of insecure attachment to mother were less social activator and cooperative, and more hypersensitive and apprehensive. Children's social competence was related to the interpersonal cognitive problem-solving skill.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.30-35
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• 2013

Motivated by the emergency scheduling in a transportation network, this paper considers a transportation problem, in which, the truck times and transportation costs are assumed as uncertain variables. To meet the demand in the practical applications, two optimization objectives are considered, one is the total costs and another is the completion times. And then, a multi-objective optimization model is developed according to the situation in applications. Because there are commensurability and conflicting between the two objectives commonly, a solution does not necessarily exist that is best with respective to the two objectives. Therefore, the problem is reduced to a single objective model, which is an uncertain programming with a chance-constrain. After some analysis, its equivalent deterministic form is obtained, which is a nonlinear programming. Based on a stepwise optimization strategy, a solution method is developed to solve the problem. Finally, the computational results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our model and algorithm.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is (1) to investigate how children's peer interaction type and joint problem-solving performance differ, depending on a partner's age, in such a situation as they are asked to solve problems with their peer and (2) to investigate relationship between children's peer interaction type and joint problem-solving performance. Results reveal that children's problem-solving performance receives more benefit in the interactions with older peers, rather than those with younger ones. It can also be improved by higher level of collaborative interactions such as abstract collaborative explanations in joint activities. It is influenced positively by collaborative interactions, expecially when the children are in the same age groups. Results here were discussed in terns Piagetian and Vygotskian theories.