• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to identify relationship between anxiety and. coping in open heart surgery patients to provide basic information for nursing intervention in stress-coping paradigm. Data were collected from Aug. 1st to Aug. 31st, 1988 through individual interview for about 30 minutes. Tools for this study were 'Spielberger's state anxiety scale and Billings & Moos' coping scale. The subjects were 29 male and 27 female patients who had open heart surgery at S.N.U.H. The data were analyzed by Mean score, Percentage, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient T-test, ANOVA test, and Cronbach's reliability test. The results were as follows. (1) The reliability of coping scale was 0.751 by Cronbach's reliability test. (2) Average coping score of those patients was 2,53 (maximum score:4) and they used equally problem focused coping and emotion focused coping. (3) There was significant difference according to religion in stress·coping(F=2,495, P<0.05) (4) The high anxieties were, the more coping were, and there was significant negative correlation in stress-coping (r=-0.2807, P<0.05)

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1069-1080
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a socioculturally-appropriate psychosocial intervention program for Korean patients with breast cancer and test its effects on stress, anxiety, depression, and coping strategies. Methods: One group pretest and posttest design was used to test the effects of the intervention. A post-intervention interview was conducted to refine the nature of the intervention. A convenience sample of 10 breast cancer survivors was recruited from the outpatients clinics. Psychosocial intervention was developed to provide the health education, stress management, coping skill training and support weekly(90min) for 6 weeks. Results: There was a significant decrease in stress scores following the intervention(Z= -2.388, p=0.017). However, no significant changes were noted in the use of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies, nor in the changes of anxiety and depression levels. Content analysis of interview data revealed six clusters; changes in perception, changes in problem solving approaches, changes in anger management, changes in life pattern, social support and reduction of perceived stress. Conclusions: Based on quantitative and qualitative data, we recommend the refinements of the intervention in the following areas for future studies: 1) duration, activities, and progression of psychosocial intervention; 2) research design and sample size; and 3) measurements.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-74
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• 2017

The development of smart devices has affected employees' working environments and their lives. However, using smart devices is causing employees to experience technostress. This study aims to investigate the effects of technostress in using smart devices on usage intention in an organization. Moreover, the study investigates the effect of employees' stress-coping methods on the intention to use smart devices. This study posits familiarity, use innovativeness, role ambiguity, system vulnerability, technological limitation, and ubiquity as the antecedents of technostress. Data collected from 317 users who have experience in using smart devices in organizations are empirically tested against a research model using the PLS graph. Analysis results show that role ambiguity, system vulnerability, and technological limitation significantly influence technostress. Moreover, users take up emotion-focused coping behaviors because of technostress. Emotion-focused coping behaviors affect usage intention in organizations. However, technostress and problem-focused coping behaviors do not directly affect usage intention in organizations.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.441-458
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• 2009

The present study compared the differences in mechanisms of caregiving stress, depression, parenting behaviors, stress-coping, and social support between caregiving grandmothers and the caregiving mothers. Three caregiving groups were compared; One hundred and fifty-two grandmothers rearing their grandchild as daytime care-giver (partial caregiving-grandmother group), 152 mothers who shared the responsibilities of caregiving the same child (partial caregiving-mother group), and another 157 mothers who rear their child as daytime care-giver (primary caregiving-mother group). Predictors of parental stress for these caregiving groups were also assessed. The results indicated that partial caregiving-grandmother group had more depressed than two mother groups, but there were no differences in parental stress among three caregiving groups. In addition, primary caregiving-mothers used more problem-focused coping strategies, and more social support than did partial caregiving-grandmothers. In parental behaviors, partial caregiving-grandmothers significantly had more laxness, less overactive than two mother groups. In the analysis of hierarchical regression, overactivity and depression were significant predictors of parental stress in partial caregiving-grandmothers. On the other hand, depression, social support, and overactivity were significant predictors of parental stress in partial caregiving-mothers. In primary caregiving-mothers, overactivity, depression, and emotion-focused coping were significant predictors of parental stress. We discussed the differences of the predictors in parental stress between grandmothers and mothers.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.64-73
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to discuss the difference of stress by the grade, examine the relationship between characteristics and main stress, and to investigate the effect of the National Examination of Registered Nurses on stress by using the stress self-rating scale targeting university nursing students (n=314), The stress self-rating scale consists of three subscales: stress responses, stressors and coping parts, such as perceived social support and a sense of humor. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The results showed that passing the National Examination of Registered Nurses was the first problem among the stressors. Stressors of the living factors and nursing factors, and subjective stressors of the surveyed nursing students were the highest among the senior students, but stressors of nursing factors increased according to the grade of the nursing students. Perceived stress responses were high in psychological responses of other aspects, and perceived stress responses increased according to the grade (p<.001). Senior students had a high weight of perceived stress responses (problem-focused, emotion-focused). and active and negative coping modes. Significant factors that explained the stressors were coping mode(r=.62-82. p<.01) and cognition(r=.19. p<.01). including the social support. These findings suggest that social support was very important for seniors. and that we have to develop approaches to decrease stress according to the student grade for nursing education process.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.261-278
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the paths among the risk-protective factors that related to the resilience based on the Challenge Model. The subjects for this study were 209 children from divorced families in the 4th, 5th, and 6th grades of elementary schools in Seoul and Gyunggi-do. As the results, there were 28 paths which affected the resilience of children from divorced families based on the Challenge Model. The protective factors were easy temperament, problem-focused coping style, parental support, peer's support, higher socio-economic status, experiences in therapy, presence of siblings, contact with adult caretakers. The risk factors were higher grade, emotion-focused coping style, and children's gender, especially girls. This result demonstrated that each risk and protective factor not only affected resilience separately but interacted with one another.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.117-125
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• 2004

Purpose: The research was conducted to investigate the experience of maternal role attainment of mothers of premature infants admitted in NICU and to conceptualize the phenomena. Method: The grounded theory method was utilized for data collection and analysis. 8 mothers of premature infants were selected and in-depth interview was performed. Paradigm model was utilized for data analysis and presentation. Result: The central category was 'unstable maternal identity'. The properties of the core phenomena was 'ambivalent feeling to baby' 'negative emotion' 'commitment to baby'. The loss of control due to premature delivery was the causal condition. contextual condition was the 'perceived threats' due to severity of the premature infant and uncerainty of the baby's life. The mother's health status, economic status, and familial and social support was recognized as intervening conditions during the process of maternal role attainment. The strategic action/interactions were emotion-focused coping, reappraisal of the situation, problem-focused coping, and information seeking. The consequence was the maternal role attainment with competence and expectation. Conclusion: The process of maternal role attainment was affected by threats due to severity of the baby and intervening factors and interaction strategy. Further research is recommended to develop adequate intervention method during the process of maternal role attainment.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.230-249
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the affecting factors on the adaptation to uncertainty in patients having rheumatoid arthritis. Subjects of the study constituted 222 patients who visited outpatient of rheumatic center in Seoul. Self report questionnaires were used to measure the variables affecting the adaptation to uncertainty. The variables affecting the adaptation to uncertainty were uncertainty, mastery, appraisal of danger, appraisal of opportunity, emotion focused coping, problem focused coping, pain, depression and activity of daily life(ADL). Reliability coefficients of these instruments were found Cronbach's $Alpha\;=\;.70{\sim}.94$. In data analysis, SPSSWIN 10.0 program was utilized for descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows. 1) The range of total pain scores was from 0 to 147 and the mean score of the pain in rheumatoid arthritis patients was 72.64. 2) The range of total depression scores was from 20 to 72 and the mean score of the depression in rheumatoid arthritis patients was 39.86. 3) The range of total ADL scores was from 22 to 80 and the mean score of the ADL in rheumatoid arthritis patients was 72.56. 4) Among the independent variables, significant factors to explain the adaptation to pain in patients were danger appraisal of uncertainty(p<.05) and emotion focused coping(p<.05). 5) Among the independent variables, significant factors to explain the adaptation to depression in patients were danger appraisal of uncertainty(p<.001), opportunity appraisal of uncertainty(p<.001) and mastery(p<.005). 6) Among the independent variables, significant factors to explain the adaptation to ADL in patients were mastery(p<.001) and danger appraisal of uncertainty(p<.05).

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.55-71
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• 2021

Technostress management is increasingly getting important as ICT advances and infiltrates every job and task. Especially with the advent of COVID-19, workers had to switch to teleworking utilizing ICT extensively. In this study, we developed a research model explaining antecedents and their impacts on technostress in telecommuting context, especially under the COVID-19 situation. The result revealed that techno-complexity, techno-invasion, and techno-overload are the dominant factors that affect the negative psychological responses in the COVID-19 situation. Among them, we found that techno-overload maintain the most significant influence. It is due to the lack of instant feedback on workload allocations in telework and the lack of adjustment period with the sudden shift to telecommuting. In the case of techno-complexity, employees seem to experience difficulty acquiring new technical skills. Finally, the techno-invasion came out significant, signifying the infiltration of working space by home-related activities. The emotion-focused coping strategy had a moderating effect. In contrast, the problem-focused coping strategy had no significant effect, indicating that an appropriate emotional coping strategy is more important for workers undergoing extreme changes in the work environment. Subsequently, practical and theoretical implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.90-101
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose was to examine the effectiveness of a psychosocial stress management program on stress and coping in student nurses. Method: A nonequivalent control group pre-posttest design was used. A convenience sample of 24 students from the Department of Nursing, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University were assigned to experimental (n=12) and control groups(n=12). Stress was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (10 points) and blood cortisol. Coping was measured using a scale modified by So (1995) based on the Ways of Coping Checklist developed by Folkman and Lazarus (1985). Depression was measured using the CES-D by Radloff (1977) and state anxiety, using the State Anxiety Inventory by Spielberger (1976). The psychosocial stress management program included education, relaxation (Korean Dan Jeon-typed Breathing and music), and social support. Result: Results showed for the two groups, 1) a significant difference in stress scores (U= 19.50, p=0.002), 2) no difference in cortisol levels (8am, 4pm), 3) a significant difference in problem-focused coping (U=25.50, =0.007), 4) no difference in emotion-focused coping, and 5) no difference in state anxiety and depression. Conclusion: By utilizing the program, students were able to learn how to control their stress and improve their coping. Therefore with a partial modification, psychosocial stress management can be useful for continual management of stress in student nurses.