• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.367-373
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• 2008

Recently, the NAT middlebox widely deployed in the home network environment prohibits DM operations from reaching user devices behind NAT. In this article, we focus on NAT issues to manage home network devices. Particularly, we discuss standardization efforts, and present our proposal to deploy DM services for VoIP and IPTV devices under NAT. By slightly changing behaviors of Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Manager and Agent, and defining additional Management Objects (MOs) to gather NAT binding information, we could solve the NAT traversal problem under symmetric NAT. Moreover, we propose an enhanced method to search the UDP hole binding time of the NAT box. We applied our method to randomly selected 22 VoIP devices out of 194 NATed hosts in the real broadband network and have achieved 99% of the success ratio for exchanging SNMP request messages and 26% of enhancement for searching the UDP hole binding time.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.9
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• pp.2185-2196
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• 1997

The existing information retrieval systems utilize thesaurus in order to search and retrieve the desired information even when the query is not accurate. However the cost for implementing and maintaining thesaurus is very high and it can not guarantee complete success of search/retrieval operation. Thus in this paper, Information Retrieval System using Keyword Network(KNetIRS) which was designed and implemented to solve these problem is introduced. Keyword Network composed of keywords which were extracted from documents. KNetIRS finds the appropriate documents by using the Keyword Network which is based on the concept of "inverted file". In addition, KNetIRS can carry out query expansion by using the Keyword Network Browser, and deal with the conjunction of "정보 검색", "정보", and "검색", by defining and implementing spilt function.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.937-944
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• 2006

Although people's anxiety about the environmental problem has been getting higher, they are not provided good quality of knowledge about the environment. Based on this situation, Ecoblog can be a new type of online community to educate the public in ecological knowledge. Especially, Ecoblog can be utilized as a method of "preventive education", and it will contribute to reduce great amounts of environmental budget to restore contaminated environment to previous condition. Ecoblog also utilizes the concept of blog which user can create and append their site with chosen themes. A weblog or a blog is a non-commercial webpage regularly updated through the use of a blogging software which allows the user to "publish" kinds of amalgamations of text and graphics to the page as posts. The technology offered in Ecoblog is utilizing the concept of 4D place and game metaphor in order to provide users the sense of participation, interaction and immersion among them and the growing community. Thus, it requires applying the CAAD technology by implementing semantically well-defined building data model as a core database to create a 4D virtual community. This research focuses on defining a 4d spatial framework suitable for developing an online ecological community. Through our study, the state-of-the-art of online community has been studied at the first step. Second, the scenario of using EcoBlog described with content, visualization and navigation are defined based on the critical features derived at the first step. Finally, a 4d spatial framework composed of semantic building data model, content and rule database is constructed to propose factors that are necessary to establish an ecological virtual community. In conclusion, our framework could enhance the comprehension and interaction between users and virtual buildings in the ecological community by integrating the concept of game design, 4D CAD and semantic data model. Such framework can be applied to any online community for an educational purpose.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.3-14
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• 2020

Many studies have been conducted to assess the health effects of climate change in Korea. However, there has been a lack of consideration regarding how the results of these studies can be applied to relevant policies. The current study aims to examine research trends at the agenda-setting stage and to review future ways in which health-related adaptation to climate change can be addressed within national public health policy. A systematic review of previous studies of the health effects of climate change in Korea was conducted. Many studies have evaluated the effect of ambient temperature on health. A large number of studies have examined the effects on deaths and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, but a limitation of these studies is that it is difficult to apply their findings to climate change adaptation policy in the health sector. Many infectious disease studies were also identified, but these mainly focused on malaria. Regarding climate change-related factors other than ambient temperature, studies of the health effects of these factors (with the exception of air pollution) are limited. In Korea, it can be concluded that studies conducted as part of the agenda-setting stage are insufficient, both because studies on the health effects of climate change have not ventured beyond defining the problem and because health adaptation to climate change has not been set as an important agenda item. In the future, the sharing and development of relevant databases is necessary. In addition, the priority of agenda items should be determined as part of a government initiative.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.521-527
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• 2019

Quantity takeoff and cost estimates in Korea are carried out in practice without any clear standards or standards. Especially, quantity takeoff of Reinforcing bar and BoQ documentation process is very complex using 2D drawings. In this study, 10 case sites were analyzed for the status of inefficient quantity takeoff and how the statement was prepared. In order to solve this problem, this study presented a method for calculating the quantity of rebars through the ratio of concrete volume for schools, offices, and apartment buildings, and analyzed the accuracy of results. In the future, it is expected that the error range can be reduced by defining the factors affecting the results and calculating the correction value for them.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.145-153
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• 2014

Several studies regarding drought indices and criteria have been widely studied in the literature. If one defines the onset, severity, and end of droughts, in general, a certain threshold needs to be set to assess the drought events. However, the uncertainty associated with the threshold is a critical problem in drought analysis. To take full advantage of the inherent features in the rainfall series, a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based probabilistic drought analysis was proposed rather than using the existing threshold based analysis. As a result, the proposed HMM based probabilistic drought analysis scheme shows better performance in terms of defining drought state and understanding underlying characteristics of the drought. In addition, the HMM based approach is capable of quantifying the uncertainties associated with the classifying meteorological drought condition in a systematic way.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.363-372
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• 2013

When retrieving music with folksonomy tags, internal use of numeric tags (AV tags: tags consisting of Arousal and Valence values ) instead of word tags can partially solve the problem posed by synonyms. However, the two predecessor tasks should be done correctly; the first task is to map word tags to their numeric tags; the second is to get numeric tags of the music pieces to be retrieved. The first task is verified through our prior study and thus, in this paper, its significance is seen for the second task. To this end, we propose the music mapping table defining the relation between AV values and music and ANOVA tests are performed for analysis. The result shows that the arousal values and valence values of music have different distributions for 12 mood tags with or without synonymy and that their type I error values are P<0.001. Consequently, it is checked that the distribution of AV values is different according to music mood.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.627-634
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• 2008

This paper presents an optimum mixture design method for proportioning a concrete. In the proposed method, the search space is constrained as the domain defined by the minimal convex region of a database, instead of the available range of each component and the ratio composed of several components. The model for defining the search space which is expressed by the effective region is proposed. The effective region model evaluates whether a mix-proportion is effective on processing for optimization, yielding highly reliable results. Three concepts are adopted to realize the proposed methodology: A genetic algorithm for the optimization; an artificial neural network for predicting material properties; and a convex hull for evaluating the effective region. And then, it was applied to an optimization problem wherein the minimum cost should be obtained under a given strength requirement. Experimental test results show that the mix-proportion obtained from the proposed methodology using convex hulls is found to be more accurate and feasible than that obtained from a general optimum technique that does not consider this aspect.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.9D no.5
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• pp.877-886
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• 2002

The problem of software reuse is dealt in two approaches. One is to build a new software by composing of the built-in components, and the other is to reuse architectural patterns that most of software system is generally composed of. Although the two approaches are important in design of software architecture, we could find outstanding difference in what kind of building blocks they use. The component based software design makes uses of building blocks whose contents are filled in by someone, on the other hand, the architectural pattern based software design is not interested in the contents of building blocks, but in the framework for building blocks including relationship of the building blocks. The paper purposes to find architectural patterns which are commonly found in diverse applications and help software architects reuse them in the software design process. We refine the architectural styles which is the well-known concept for software architecture design, and refine them as architectural components or templates which can be parts of software architecture.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.379-390
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• 1994

The recent study of the delay models have assumed random arrival which has a constant average flow rate throughout the cycle. However, where signals are spaced closely together or form part of progressive system, platoon flows are common and more closely represent reality. In such cases, those results are quite different pattern of estimated delay from that of observed one. In order to solve this problem, the 1985 HCM takes Progression Adjustment Factor (PAF) into account. In the 1985 HCM, however, it has deficiencies in defining and applying it, such as platoon ratio ($R_p$) and platoon arrival type. The Purpose of this study is to investigate theoretically the predictive ability of the individual models concerned through comparing the estimated delay and PAF suggested by NCHRP Report 339, KHCM or USHCM (1985) with the observed obtained by field survey at a signalized intersection.