• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.57-70
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• 1999

This study was conducted to examine factors in relation to attitude and behavior of drug abuse in middle school students, and provide guidelines for drug education for adolescents. The summary of results was as follows: 1. The mean of attitude about drug abuse were 3.44 (1st graders), 3.40 (2nd graders), 3.20 (3rd graders) of full score 4.00. Attitude about drug abuse related to sex in girls is more desirable than boys' (p<0.001). 2. 3rd grade students experienced smoking and alcohol use to the highest degree in the last one month. Boys had more experiences of smoking and alcohol use than girls. Most motivations of students' drug abuse were curiosity and the influence of peer: 3. The higher the scores of self-assertion is, the higher the scores of attitude about drug abuse is. And the higher the scores of problem solving ability is, the higher the scores of attitude about drug abuse is. 4. Self-assertion and problem solving ability were positively correlated with attitude about drug abuse. Otherwise, the attitude about drug abuse was negatively correlated with drug abuse behavior. 5. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor to drug abuse behavior was the attitude about drug abuse, Problem solving ability and self-assertion is accountable factor to the attitude about drug abuse. This result indicated that effective problem solvers or self-asserters have desirable attitude about drug abuse and less possibility to abuse drug. In conclusions, school drug education is necessary to enhance the ability of self-assertion by which students cope against peer pressure and problem solving ability by which students identify or discover effective strategies of coping with problematic situations encountered in daily living.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.142-155
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of this study was to develop an assessment tool for measurement of children's functioning in the mental health service. We conducted a preliminary study to develop a sensitive and inclusive scale focused on the functional changes of children rather than just focusing on their symptoms or screening. Methods : The Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale and the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) were both administered to 134 parents of children with emotional or behavioral problems who participated in the Aizone program and also to 186 parents of elementary school children in the Seoul metropolitan area as a control group. SPSS version 12.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results : Most of the reliability coefficients were over 0.70 except those of the conduct behavior items, which showed relatively high internal consistency. The corrected item-total correlations ranged from .411 to 758, except those of conduct behavior items and special measure items. In a concurrent validity test with K-CBCL, the total behavior problem score of K-CBCL was highly correlated with the total score of the Child and Adolescent Functional Assesment Scale (r=.610). For the construct validity, confirmatory factor analysis was performed for each of four areas, including behavior (at home/school), achievement, peer relationship, and emotion. Conclusion : The results showed that the scale was statistically reliable and valid, except for conduct behavior items. This study was conducted only for parents with elementary children. An adolescents group should be included in future studies.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2013

Obesity during childhood is a dominant risk factor for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and is itself considered a disease that needs to be treated. Recently, the growth in childhood obesity in Korea has become stagnant; however, two in every ten children are still overweight. In addition, 60% or more of overweight children have at least one metabolic syndrome risk factor. Thus, childhood obesity should be controlled through lifestyle modification. This paper reviews studies of the modifiable risk factors of obesity in Korean children. According to the life-course approach, preschool-aged children (<5 years) are influenced by their parents rather than individual habits because they are under mostly parental care. Elementary school-aged children (6 to 11 years) are affected by overlapping individual and parental effects. This may mean that the establishment of individual behavior patterns begins during this period. The conditions of poor eating habits such as skipping meals, eating out, and high fat intake, along with low physical activity, facilitate increased obesity among adolescents (12 to 18 years). Notably, adolescent girls show high rates of both underweight and obesity, which may lead to the development of NCDs in their offspring. Therefore, the problem of NCDs is no longer limited to adults, but is also prevalent among children. In addition, early intervention offers cost-effective opportunities for preventing NCDs. Thus, children need primary consideration, adequate monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment to reduce the burden of NCDs later in adulthood.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.891-903
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify relationships among peer pressure, parental supervision, alcohol expectancy and adolescent drinking behaviors between year 2001 and 2006. Three hundred high school students were given questionnaires each year on their drinking behavior. Findings of this study were; first, a adolescent drinking and the amount drinking has increased during the years. adolescent drinker ratio as adolescent drinkers were 91.3% in 2006 compared to 75.9% in 2001. The average drinking amounts were 40.82 units in 2006 and 24.9 units in 2001. Second, differences were found in adolescent drinking behaviors such as the amount of alcohol consumption, drinking frequency, & problem drinker ratio by gender, and grade. Male students over female students. Third, peer pressure, parental supervision, alcohol expectancy showed significant impacts on adolescent drinking behaviors through 2001 and 2006. Students who lack parental supervision with much higher drinking-related peer pressure along with a higher level of positive alcohol expectancy were observed to be heavy drinkers and problem drinkers. Especially, students who showed belief in alcohol's tension-relieving function and sociability function tended to over-drink, drink more frequently and as a result, experienced more drinking problems. Intervention strategies were discussed.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.187-206
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• 1993

The study was done to better understand problem behavior in high school students as described in family system theory, which explains the individual’s problem within the family interactions. The purpose of the study 1. To analyze the difference in the parents’ relationship as a couple between the two groups. 2. To analyze the difference in the parent-adolecent relationship between the two groups. 3. To analyze the difference in the family function (cohesion adaptability) between the two groups. The method of the study The staudy subjects consisted of a total of 176 families (528 persons), 109 high school students (End grade) with problem behavior and their parents (problem family group) ,and 69 high school students (same grade) with normal behavior and their parents (normal family group) residing in the Seoul area. Data were gathered from structured, self-reporting qestionaires which included a Couple Relation measurement (95 items) , Parent-Adolescent communication measurement (20 items), Family Cohesion Adaptability Scale (20 items) by DavidH. Olson et al., and a behavior evaluation tool. The results of the study 1. The results as related to the hypothesis were as follows. Hypothesis 1 : “satisfaction within The couple's relationship of the parents of problem family group will be lower than the normal family group was supported significantly(t=3.07, p=.005). Hypothesis 2: “The parent-adolescent relationship of the problem family group will be more negative and problematic than the normal family group” was supported significantly(t=4.06, p=.000). Hypothesis 3: “The family function (cohesion adaptability) of the problem family group will be lower than the normal family group" was supported significantly(t=2.20, p=.022) 2. The results of related analysis were as follows 1) Analysis of a causal relation between the couple’s relationship, the parent-adolescent relationship, family function and adolescent behavior showed that the Above 3 variables influenced adolescent behavior.. In cases where couple’s relation-ship, the parent-adolescent’s relationship, the family function are the better, their adolescent’s behavior is better. 2) Discriminant analysis of the research tool showed The discriminant ability of couple’s relationship tool was 75.57%, the Parent-Adolescent communication tool, 67.05, the family adaptability cohesion tool.67. 61%. In summary, interpersonal relationships in the family subsystems are interactive and their relation influences the behaviors. of adolescents in the family. Therefore, family therapy would be a more effective method than individual therapy, to resolve negative problem for adolscents, and the research tool used in this study are very useful for family system diagnosis and nursing intervention.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of Psycho-social environments by the variables of sex and type of school. Subjects in this study were consisted of 1.011 adolescents drawn from 11 high schools in Cheongiu city and Choeongwon gun. For data analysis. t-test and three-way ANOVA were conducted by SPSSWIN program. This results were as following: Boys' high school students who having romantic partners had lower school adjustment and behavioral adjustment than those without romantic partners. Girls' high school students who having romantic Partners had lower peer relationships and behavioral adjustment than those without romantic partners. Also. regardless of school types. students with romantic Partners had lower school adjustment and behavioral adjustment than those without romantic partners. In an academic high school. students with romantic Partners had negative family relationships. whereas in commercial high school. students with romantic partners had Peer relationships more negatively than those without romantic Partners. This results suggest that adolescents' romantic partners be important factor of social-Psychological development. Especially. romantic partnership would be critical to induce problem behavior such as maladjustment and negative relationships in the environments of family and school.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate mental health problems in obese child and adolescent patients. We assess the frequency of mental health problems and their differences according to sex, school grade and severity of obesity. Methods: The sample consisted of 106 children and adolescents aged 8-16 years (61 boys with mean age $10.98{\pm}2.26$, 45 girls with mean age $9.74{\pm}1.96$, p=.004) who were diagnosed with obesity and recruited at the Department of Pediatrics of Jeju National University Hospital. The participants completed the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), Korean version of the Eating Attitude Test-26 (KEAT-26), and somatotype drawings. Results: The percentage of participants having a T-score in clinical range on one or more CBCL subscale was 37.7%. The percentage of participants in the high risk group for depression (CDI score above 17) was 20.8% and that in the high risk group for eating disorder (EAT-26 score above 20) was 6%. The girls showed significantly lower CBCL T-scores in social competence ($48.39{\pm}15.66$ vs. $38.91{\pm}22.04$, p=.011), adjustment function ($49.51{\pm}17.35$ vs. $40.38{\pm}22.58$, p=.020) and school competence ($53.34{\pm}10.47$ vs. $48.22{\pm}15.11$, p=.042) than the boys, but the percentages of boys and girls in clinical range were not significantly different. The middle school students showed (significantly) higher CBCL T-scores in somatic symptoms ($60.86{\pm}9.44$ vs. $55.74{\pm}6.76$, p=.005), aggressive behavior ($58.81{\pm}6.74$ vs. $54.68{\pm}6.22$, p=.009), total problems ($59.86{\pm}9.91$ vs. $54.88{\pm}9.76$, p=.039) and externalizing problems ($57.90{\pm}10.57$ vs. $52.44{\pm}9.38$, p=.022) than the elementary school students. The severe obesity group showed significantly higher CBCL T-scores in attention problems ($59.18{\pm}9.45$ vs. $54.15{\pm}5.34$, p=.001), social problems ($59.25{\pm}8.59$ vs. $55.96{\pm}6.50$, p=.038), delinquent behavior ($58.07{\pm}6.97$ vs. $54.73{\pm}6.00$, p=.017) and total problems ($59.21{\pm}11.65$ vs. $54.67{\pm}9.03$, p=.037) than the mild to moderate obesity group. Conclusion: Significant proportions of obese children and adolescents suffer from mental health problems. Clinicians need to pay attention to the mental health risk, especially in obese adolescents and severely obese children and adolescents.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was done to identify contraceptive practices in adolescent girls in South Korea and predictors of contraceptive practices. Methods: The study sample included 743 girls who had experienced sexual activity. Using statistics from the 12th (2016) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, hierarchical logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: The contraceptive practice rate for adolescent girls was 34%. Contraceptive practice was associated with 'age at first intercourse' and 'sexual intercourse after drinking'. For adolescent girls who had early sexual initiation and drank alcohol before sexual intercourse there was a tendency to reduce the practice of contraception. Conclusion: It is necessary to provide practical sex education to improve the practice of contraception in these adolescents. In addition, adolescent girls should be encourage to delay their first intercourse. The results of this study can also be used to develop education interventions regarding healthy sexuality behaviour including the practice of contraception.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.173-191
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• 2017

This study develops a new type of latent class analysis (LCA) in order to explain the associations between one latent variable and several other categorical latent variables. Our model postulates that the prevalence of the latent variable of interest is affected by another latent variable composed of other several latent variables. For the parameter estimation, we propose deterministic annealing EM (DAEM) to deal with local maxima problem in the proposed model. We perform simulation study to demonstrate how DAEM can find the set of parameter estimates at the global maximum of the likelihood over the repeated samples. We apply the proposed LCA model in an investigation of the effect of and joint patterns for drug-using behavior to violent behavior among US high school male students using data from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System 2015. Considering the age of male adolescents as a covariate influencing violent behavior, we identified three classes of violent behavior and three classes of drug-using behavior. We also discovered that the prevalence of violent behavior is affected by the type of drug used for drug-using behavior.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2019

본 연구는 부모의 양육태도 및 학교생활적응이 청소년의 문제행동에 미치는 영향을 하위요인별로 구체적으로 밝히고, 부모의 양육태도 및 학교생활적응과 청소년의 문제행동의 관계에서 자아탄력성에 따른 조절효과를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 한국아동·청소년 패널조사 2010(KCYPS)의 중1 패널 데이터 가운데 4차 자료(2013)인 고등학교 1학년생 총 2,017명을 연구대상으로 분석하였다. SPSS WIN 22.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 신뢰도, 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 부모의 양육태도(감독, 애정, 합리적 설명, 과잉간섭, 과잉기대, 비일관성) 및 학교생활적응(교사관계, 교우관계, 학교규칙, 학습활동), 자아탄력성이 청소년의 문제행동에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 교우관계(-)는 청소년의 문제행동에 미치는 영향력이 가장 높았으며, 학습활동(-), 비일관성(+), 자아탄력성(-), 과잉간섭(+), 감독(-) 순으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 그러나 애정, 합리적 설명, 과잉기대, 교사관계, 학교규칙은 청소년의 문제행동에 유의미한 영향력이 없었다. 둘째, 부모의 양육태도(긍정적인 양육태도, 부정적인 양육태도) 및 학교 생활적응(대인관계, 학교적응)과 청소년의 문제행동의 관계에서 자아탄력성의 조절효과를 분석하였다. 청소년의 문제행동에 영향을 미치는 부모의 긍정적인 양육태도, 대인관계, 학교적응 각각에서 자아탄력성의 조절효과가 나타났다. 그러나 청소년의 문제행동에 영향을 미치는 부모의 부정적인 양육태도에서는 자아탄력성의 조절효과가 나타나지 않았다. 그리고 부모의 양육태도(긍정적인 양육태도, 부정적인 양육태도) 및 학교생활적응(대인관계, 학교적응)이 청소년의 문제행동에 미치는 영향에서 자아탄력성의 조절효과가 전체적으로 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구결과를 통해 가정과수업을 통한 안전교육의 일환으로 다양한 자아탄력성 증진 프로그램의 개발 및 연구가 필요하다고 할 수 있다.