• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.441-448
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• 2011

According to the Korean government policy of expanding HACCP system application to food chain from farm to meat market, the importance of HACCP assessment to keep balance among the certified HACCP plants is urged. The objective of this study is to recommend more effective HACCP assessment methods. We reviewed major foreign countries HACCP implementation policy focused on the audit system, and compared with the Korean HACCP assessment system. We found that the checklist guidelines of prerequisite program were not enough for precise evaluation and many of the items were not directly related to the risk occurrences. And current rating grade for each items and judgments were inadequate to induce non-compliances and corrections for better HACCP implementation. We suggest revision points as follows; (1) checklists should be revised and reorganized according to the possibility of risk occurrences, (2) all the items should be supported by detailed guidelines for more objective inspection, (3) non-compliances identified must be reconfirmed after correction, (4) the items for HACCP plan should be divided into an accreditation inspection and a regular inspection, (5) rating grade 'high', 'medium', 'low', 'failure' was better for indicating non-compliances.

• 교육시설
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to analyzing the welfare function of the senior citizen with similar type of compounding the school facility, to analyze the problematical point of present condition. And also propose the spatial constitution which the student and the regional senior citizen are easy to utilize on the basis of the result. In a type of educational facility composition, it became clear that a ratio and the inflection order that elderly welfare facilities occupied of vacant class room were low. In other words, in composition of a school facilities, elderly welfare facilities can be said to be an important problem. As a result of having analyzed an existing compound facilities, there was limited interchange of student and a the aged. In addition, there were problems such as learning environment by an intersection of circulation. Therefore, composition of educational facility and elderly welfare facilities is not space composition that is intersection of simple specification function. In other words, a program of the common space which is necessary for the local community formation is necessary. Setting of semi-public area proposes the function of the existing facility and actual condition of spatial use in prerequisite.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2005

The purpose of the research lies in investigating how the androgynous equalitarianism of parents recognized by adolescents and educational support for children differ in accordance with social and population factors. The subjects were 397 adolescents of secondary schools in Chonnam. The analysis of the results was carried out using SPSS/WIN 10.0 program. The results were as follows: (1) Adolescents were found to recognize the androgynous equalitarianism in their parents differently in accordance with gender, birth ranking, academic record, and father education level. (2) Educational support of parents recognized by adolescents, showed some notable differences in accordance with type of school, birth ranking, academic record, place of residence, mother's age, father education level, form of marriage, and economic class. (3) The relationship between androgynous equalitarianism and Educational support of parents recognized by adolescents had a positive correlation. In conclusion, it is essential to provide an atmosphere wherein the budding children can display their utmost potentiality regardless of gender to grow independent way of thinking and behaving and ability. Also consistent willingness to practice education in androgynous equalitarianism for the realization of equal society for both men and women is believed prerequisite.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제3권2_3호
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• pp.123-144
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• 2006

Reinforced concrete corbels are structural elements widely used in practical engineering. The complex response of these elements is described in design codes in a simplified manner. These formulations are not sufficient to show the real behavior, which, however, is an essential prerequisite for the manufacturing of numerous elements. Therefore, a deterministic and probabilistic study has been performed, which is described in this contribution. Real complex structures have been modeled by means of the finite element method supported primarily by experimental works. The main objective of this study was the detection of uncertainties effects and safety margins not captured by traditional codes. This aim could be fulfilled by statistical considerations applied to the investigated structures. The probabilistic study is based on advanced Monte Carlo simulation techniques and sophisticated nonlinear finite element formulations.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2010

Jatropha curcas is an oil bearing species with multiple uses and considerable economic potential as a biofuel plant. Plant flowering and breeding characteristics are important for us to understand the reproduction of plant populations. The present study describes the floral biology and flowering phenology of J. curcas which is a prerequisite for hybridization program for genetic improvement through conventional breeding. The plant produces flowers in dichasial inflorescences. Normally, the flowers are unisexual, and male and female flowers are produced in the same inflorescence. Only a few male flowers are produced in an inflorescence, and fruits are produced only through pollination between different flowers from the same or different plants. This study includes a description of the inflorescence, flower anatomy of both male and female flowers, female : male ratio, pollen : ovule ratio, flowering phenology, pollen viability, stigma receptivity, comparison of selfing methods and a comparison of geitonogamy and xenogamy. This information may be useful in J. curcas breeding programmes.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.93-117
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• 2023

The aim of this study is to explore the pre-service math teachers' characteristics of education to develop their AI literacy and SW competency, and to derive some implications. We conducted a 14-hours AI and SW education program for pre-service teachers with theory and practice, and an analysis on class observation data, video frames of classes and interview, Python programming assignments and papers. The results of this case study for 3 pre-service teachers are as follows. First, two students understood artificial neural network and deep learning system accurately, furthermore, all students conducted a couple of explorations related with performance improvement of deep learning system with interest. Second, coding and exploration activities using Python improved students' computational thinking as well as SW competency, which help them give convergence education in the future. Third, they responded positively to the necessity of AI literacy and SW competency development, and to applying coding to math class. Lastly, it's necessary to endeavor to give a coding education to the student's eye level according to his or her prerequisite and to ease the burden of student's studying AI technology.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.355-355
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• 2016

There has been an explosive development of nanocrystal (NC) synthesis and application due to their composition-dependent specific properties. Despite the composition, shape, and size of NCs foremost determine their physicochemical properties, the surface state and molecule conjugation also drastically change their characteristics. To make practical use of NCs, it is a prerequisite to understand the NC surface state and the degree to which they have been modified because the reaction occurs on the interface between the NCs and the surrounding medium. We report in here an analysis method to identify conjugated ligands and their binding states on semiconductor nanocrystals based on their molecular information. Surface science techniques, such as time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and FT-IR spectroscopy, are adopted based on the micro-aggregated sampling method. Typical trioctylphosphine oxide-based synthesis methods of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) have been criticized because of the peculiar effects of impurities on the synthesis processes. Since the ToF-SIMS technique provides molecular composition evidence on the existence of certain ligands, we were able to clearly identify the n-octylphosphonic acid (OPA) as a surface ligand on CdSe/ZnS QDs. Furthermore, the complementary use of the ToF-SIMS technique with the FT-IR technique could reveals the OPA ligands' binding state as bidentate complexes.

• 대한간호
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.98-106
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate what effect providing the hospice care team with hospice education programs had on the death orientation. The subjects of study were 28 volunteers. 14 nurses. 30 clergies who registered on hospice education programs from Aug. 6th. 1996 to May 20th. 1997. The data were analysed by descriptive analysis. ANOVA. Duncan test. paired t-test. The results of the study can be summarized as follows ; 1. The degrees of death orientation were 85.70 in volunteers group. 84.31 in nurses group. and 73.00 in clergies group. So. clergies group has more positive death orientation than others(F=6.33. p=. 000). The degree of death orientation showed significant differences between age groups(F=5.78. p =.002). and religiosity(t=3.92. p=.000). There were no significant differences between the degree of death orientation and the others general characteristics of subjects. 2. The mean of death orientation was 80.04 before hospice education programs. but was 75.56 after hospice education programs(t= 3.92. p= .000). In conclusion. the subjects who received the hospice education programs showed the positive change in the degree of the death orientation. Therefore. it has been judged that education programs has been prerequisite in positive death orientation for hospice care. Furthermore. all of the hospice care members those who complete the hospice education program. will be performed efficient hospice care intervention for dying patients and their families.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.834-840
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• 2019

최근 관광, 레저 수요의 증대로 해안 시설물(방파제)에서 낚시를 통해 여가를 즐기는 낚시객의 증대와 아울러 매년 해안 시설물인 소파블록(Tetrapod, TTP)에서의 낙상사고가 사회적 문제가 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 낙상사고가 주로 발생하는 소파블록을 안전망으로 덮어 낚시객의 낙상을 저감하는 안전사고 방지 시설물 개발의 기초 연구로서 적절한 그물코 크기를 제시하고자 한다. 이는 안전망 시설물의 규모 및 경제성을 고려할 때 반드시 선행되어야 할 부분이다. 본 연구에서 적용한 안전망의 그물코 크기 결정 방법은 낚시객들의 성별, 연령별 현황과 한국인의 인체치수조사 결과를 바탕으로 최적의 그물코 크기를 산정하고자 하였다. 그 최종 결과로서 안전망의 그물코 크기는 최소 낚시객의 넙다리 둘레에서부터 최대 가슴둘레까지를 고려하여 18.6~27.0 cm의 범위로 산정되었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2008

In order to maintain the continual safety management in a company, it needs to evaluate and monitor its implementation of safety management. Because the number of major-accidents is not an effective method of indicating company's safety performance, various efforts to develop more reasonable indicators have been made in world wide. After Korean government has legally required the PSM report, PSM compliance audit has been developed and made by the authorities concerned since 2005. However, this audit consists of complicate procedures difficult to utilize as companies' own audit program and corresponds to only a conformity check that confirms whether the PSM be operated and maintained properly. So a new index by which to measure easily the level of safety performance and self-monitor the implementation of safety management is needed. We have studied a new method that may quantitatively evaluate the performance of safety management by investigating application cases in foreign countries and doing the domestic survey of lots of companies subject to PSM regulation in Korea. This study proposes three of safety performance indices(SPI) together with the several prerequisite preconditions and the timing for application of each index. Although the first draft of SPI needs further legal support, it might help to evaluate every company's safety level. The second draft of SPI is a voluntarily evaluating method based on web-site online program. The last draft of SPI consists of a series of simple questions about 12 elements of PSM. Also each of 3 indices has differences in evaluation methodology and application area and, therefore, they may be used concurrently.