• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.387-400
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was designed to find out factors that are needed to be improved for the Buddhist training environment of Sramanera Sramanerika monks, who have been newly adapted for their life style after becoming a monk, and to provide basic data for the development of the standard diet in Buddhist temples. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was applied to 365 Sramanera Sramanerika monks at 11 Buddhist monk universities. The questionnaire was designed to investigate their dietary habits, dietary evaluation, satisfaction of food service, and food preferences. Results: The study population consisted of 52.6% men, and 47.4% women. The subjects who had a vegetarian diet before joining the Buddhist priesthood were 27.7% women, and 13.5% men (p<0.01). 42.2% of the total subjects felt that they are healthy now and 19.4% felt weak. The most difficulty of dieting adaptation as soon as entering the priesthood was the strict diet rules (42.9%). The subjects considered health or nutrition (40.0%) highly when having meals. 94.8% women, 84.1% men ate breakfast every day (p<0.001). Women (55.4%) frequently ate snacks more than men (26.6%) (p<0.001). The results of the dietary evaluation indicated that the intake of milk, soy milk or dairy products and beans or tofu received lower than 3 points and women had lower point result than men (p<0.001). Foods with higher preference were grilled mushrooms, grilled laver, miso stew, sweet and sour mushrooms, steamed tofu with seasoning. Conclusions: Women were more interested in their health than men but they also required to improve the nutritional eating habits. It appeared that the lower intake rates of the calcium containing food (milk and dairy), and proteins (beans and tofu) could result in nutritional imbalance. Therefore, it is necessary to offer food based on the standard menu plan with consideration given to their food preferences in order to maintain their health and desirable dietary habits.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.658-665
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• 2015

This study was conducted to provide desirable way on the eating of sugar foods, specifically the differences between dietary attitude, dietary behaviors and intake frequency. Data was collected from 279 middle students in the Incheon region through a self-administered questionnaire. According to the results of the reliability and factor analysis, the dietary attitude, dietary behaviors and intake frequency was 3.52, 2.89 and 2.51, with a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.867, 0.789, 0.940 and KMO of 0.899. Factor analysis extracted three components of the sugar preference, which we named dietary attitude (factor 1), dietary behaviors (factor 2), and intake frequency (factor 3). The dietary attitude and dietary behaviors showed a significant difference between sugar preference and non-preference (p < 0.05). Also, intake frequency of sugar food showed a significant differences in chocolate, chocolate products, and ice cream between sugar preference and non-preference (p < 0.05), whereas no significant differences were found in cake, bread kinds, juice, sweetness milk, yogurt between sugar preference and non-preference (p > 0.05). A significant positive result of intake frequency of sugar food (p < 0.05) was shown for the dietary attitude, BMI, weight, and monthly pocket money. Based on this study, the reduction of sugar intake is needed especially for middle students.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.563-571
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• 2013

This study surveyed food intake and preferences for breakfast among 167 male and 152 female middle school students in Incheon. Most students were in a normal range with respect to body mass index (BMI; 18~22.9). Most of the students spent 10~20 minutes to finish their breakfast, and female students skipped breakfast more frequently than male students, with major reasons of not being able to spend enough time for breakfast and low appetite. Steamed rice(bap) was the most frequently consumed food for breakfast. Students ate vegetables and fruits for breakfast the most frequently, followed by milk and milk products, meat, fish, egg and beans, and cereals. The most frequently consumed food among protein sources was eggs. Male students had foods except vegetables and fruits more frequently than female students for their breakfast. Female students were more highly aware of the importance of breakfast on their health than male students. Preference on different food groups was significantly higher in male students than female students except vegetable salad and fruit juices. The results suggest that breakfast skipping of middle school students can be reduced by aggressively reflecting food preferences of the students to breakfast menu and appropriate nutritional education for students and their mothers.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.91-101
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 우리나라 고유의 전통발효유인 타락을 이용하여 디저트식품으로 선호도가 높은 아이스크림 제품류을 제조하고(sherbet 1종, 아이스밀크 2종(IM-2, IM-4), 아이스크림 1종(IC-6)), 각 타락 아이스크림류의 품질 특성을 알아보고자 한다. 타락 아이스크림류의 믹스의 점도는 수분 함량이 가장 높은 Sherbet이 가장 낮았고, 고형분 함량이 가장 높은 IC-6이 유의적으로 높았다. 오버런은 10분에서는 유지방함량이 높았던 IC-6이 높은 값을 나타냈고, 최종 30분에서는 모든 시료간의 유의적 차가 없었다. 녹아내리는 정도는 IC-6이 가장 높았고, Sherbet이 가장 낮은 값으로 측정되었다. 유산균수는 Sherbet은 7.32 Log CFU/g으로 유의적으로 낮게 계측되었고, IM-2, IM-4, IM-6는 8.35~8.49 Log CFU/g으로 유의적 차이가 없었다. 타락 아이스크림류 관능적 평가에서 먼저 강도평가에서 우유향에서는 IC-6이 4.10으로 가장 높았고, 신맛은 Sherbet이 4.20, IM-2가 4.10으로 평가되었으며, 단맛은 IC-6이 5.05로 가장 높게 평가되었고, 쓴맛은 IC-6이 1.65로 낮게 평가 되었다. 크리미한 정도는 IC-6이 4.60으로 유의적으로 높게 평가되었고, 바디감도 5.05로 가장 높게 평가되었다. 외관, 맛, 풍미, 조직감의 선호도에서 IC-6이 다른 시료에 비해 유의적으로 높게 평가되었고, 전반적인 선호도에서 IC-6이 5.15로 가장 높게 평가되었으며, Sherbet이 3.75, IM-2가 3.05, IM-4가 2.50으로 평가되어 타락을 첨가한 아이스크림류는 유지방 함량이 높은 아이스크림이 가장 좋은 관능 선호도를 나타내었고, 유지방함량이 중간정도인 아이스밀크류에 비해 유지방 함량이 없는 Sherbet의 관능 선호도가 조금 더 높았다.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.5-23
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• 2004

This study was done to provide basic information for nutrition education and meal planning preference, Children's preference according to cooking method is high in fruit. drink, fried foods, dish food, but low in Sangchae, Sukchae, and Jangachies. The preference of staple food was that the most preferred foods were plain rice in rice, chicken gruel in gruels, rolled rice in one dish foods. and Jajangmyeon in noodles. The preference of side dishes was that the most preferred foods were seaweed in soups, Kimchi in Chigaes, beef and pork rib in steamed foods, beef in braised foods, Bulgogi in grilled foods, egg-fry in pan fried foods, Ddukbokki in stir-fried foods, pork cutlet in fried foods, Dotorimuk in Sangchaes, fruit in salads, bean sprouts in Sukchaes, Baechu Kimchi in Kimchies and Danmuji in Jangachies. The preference of snack was that the most preferred foods were citrus in fruits, Kkuldduk in rice cakes, hotdog in bread, ice cream in milk and dairy products and fruits juice in drink.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.33-43
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• 1998

This study was peformed by questionnaire to investigate the recognition, preference and intake of calcium and related food behaviors of middle-aged people (males 600, females 550) in Daegu area. The daily intake was determined by 24-hr dietary recall method. The results were summarized as follows: The meal skipping, diet and nutrition consideration ratio of the subjects were 40.6, 11.1, 34.6% respectively. The recognition scores of calcium of the subjects were 14.3 for male and 15.1 for female, respectively. Also the preference scores of calcium source foods of the subjects were 3.6 for male and 3.5 for female. They preferred laver, cabbage, bean curd and lettuce, in that order, but they disliked cheese and ice cream. The variety of calcium source foods was remarkably low. Milk products were the lowest preferred and eaten calcium source foods. A day's calcium intake was 68.4% (478.6 mg) of the RDA for Koreans. There were significant positive correlations among the recognition, preference and intake scores of calcium.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2005

In 1967, cheese was first produced with small scale of mozzarella cheese in Korea. The processed cheese market was highly grown after putting on the market of sliced cheese in the late 1980's, and the various products that complied with well-being trends such as organic and high functional cheese have been produced in the 2000's. The natural cheese opens up a new domestic market after producing camembert and brie cheese in the end of 2004. At present. the cheese market is expanded with differentiated products such as high value added and high functional cheese. The size of domestic cheese market remains about 200 billion won, but it is expected to go over a trillion won on account of growing preference of natural cheese with well-being trends. To promote domestic cheese industry, differentiation policy of raw milk price for cheese, diversification of cheese products, financial support to farm-made cheese industry and automation and processing development to improve productivity should be taken into account in the future in Korea.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.429-441
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• 2013

This study was conducted to examine the interrelations among snack preference, purchasing behavior and intake of fifth and sixth grade students in elementary schools in Gyeongnam province. Frequency of snack intake was the highest in those who reported 'once a day' (45.6%) snack habit. Longer-time television viewers also showed higher frequency of snack intake than shorter-time viewers. Thirty-three percent of students purchased snacks by themselves and the frequency of snack purchasing had a significant positive relationship with TV watching time (p < 0.01). The main reason, place and time of eating snacks were 'hunger' (79.2%), their home environment (50.9%) and 'after school hours' (89.7%). The favorite snack was 'ice cream' and, this snack habit was significantly different by gender of the child (p < 0.01) and TV watching time (p < 0.01). 'Milk and dairy products' scored highest (3.47) in snack intake frequency among longer-time TV viewers (> 2hr) compared to shorter-time TV viewers and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The snack preference score was correlated positively (r = 0.454) with the intake frequency for snack and its explanation power ($R^2$) was 20.5%. With regard to snack purchase behaviors, the scores of 'checking the expiration date' and 'comparing the price with similar products' were high (in what group?). Female students (p < 0.001) and shorter-time TV viewers (< 2hr) (p < 0.01) had a more reasonable purchasing behavior. The total score of preference was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in shorter-timeTV viewers (< 2hr). In the correlation between snack purchasing behaviors and intake frequency, attractiveness (r = 0.208, p < 0.001) and preference (r = 0.330, p < 0.001) showed significant positive correlations. The result of regression analysis, preference only was selected ($R^2$= 0.108).

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.219-230
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to find out the common characteristics of eating behaviors of the long-lived elderly in order to offer the basic data for establishing dietary guidelines for a long and healthy life for the general population. The subjects were three-hundred elderly people over age 85 living in Kyungpook Sung-ju who have no problems in daily living. The general characteristics, nutrition knowledge and attitudes, meal patterns, and food preferences of the subjects were surveyed by individual intervies. The levels of the nutrition knowledge of the subjects were very low(average score ; 4.3) and the correlation coefficient between their nutrition knowledge and attitude score was also low(r=0.323, p=0.000). Most of the subjects(93%) had a regular meal pattern consuming three meals a day. The major staple food was rice mixed with other grains(75%) and the number of side dishes was mostly under four(99%). A majority(73%) had no habit of overeating and 51% of the subjects were taking snacks besides regular meals. Thirty one percent of the subjects had drinking habits and 80% of the drinking subjects had over 40 years of drinking history. The most common frequencies for intakes of various food groups were ; more than once a day(95%) for vegetables ; 2∼3 times a week(74%) for green and orange color vegetables ; 2∼3 times a week(72%) for fruits ; once a day(70%) for fish, eggs and legumes ; 2∼3 times a week(49%) for milk ; 2∼3 times a week(72%) for fruits ; once a day(70%) for fish, eggs and legumes ; 2-3 times a week(49%) for milk ; 2-3 times a week(85%) for seaweeds and 2-3 times a week(81%) for foods cooked with oil. The most preferred foods by the subjects were white rice(staple foods), soybean paste soup(soups), beef and eggs(meats and eggs), yellow croaker and hair tail(fish and shellfish), yoghurt(milk and milk products), all vegetables except carrot(vegetables), and watermelon(fruits). The popular food preparation methods included mixing with seasonings and the most preferred taste was sweet. The results showed that the eating pattern of long-lived elderly was characterized by regularity, simplicity, and no overeating.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1026-1034
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• 2002

청소년들의 칼슘에 대한 인식 및 섭취실태를 파악하기 위하여 부산시내 초등학교 6학년 145명, 고등학교 2학년 140명, 총 295명을 대상으로 이들의 칼슘에 대한 인식 및 섭취실태를 설문 및 식이섭취조사 방법을 통하여 조사하였다. 연구결과, 청소년들은 칼슘과 우유의 기능, 골다공증과 칼슘과의 관계는 잘 인식하고 있었으나, 칼슘의 흡수와 관련이 있는 영양소에 대해서는 인식이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 칼슘에 대한 인식의 정도는 여학생들이 높은 점수를 얻었으며 초등학교 남학생에서 가장 낮은 점수를 나타내었다. 칼슘식품에 대한 기호도는 아이스크림, 김, 요구르트 순으로 높았으나 콩 및 뱅어포 등은 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 연령 및 성별에 따라 좋아하는 정도가 달랐다. 청소년들의 하루 평균 칼슘 섭취량은 여학생에서 491.51~530.5 mg, 남학생이 554.5~636.7 mg이었으며 이는 한국인 영양권장량의 각각61.4~66.3%, 69.3~70.7%의 범위를 나타내었다 칼슘 섭취량이 RDA 66.7% 미만의 경우가 고등학교 여학생에서 54.9%로 다른 집단보다 높게 나타났으며 특히 여고생들이 운동의 횟수나 운동량이 적다는 사실도 함께 나타나 이 집단에 대한 영양교육의 필요성이 절실하였다. 또한 청소년들의 칼슘급원 식품군은 우유 및 유제품, 채소류, 어패류 및 곡류 순이었으며, 칼슘섭취량은 칼슘에 대한 영양지식과 양의 상관관계를 보여 인식이 높을수록 칼슘섭취량이 많은 것으로 나타났다.