• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.408-421
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• 2019

Objectives: This study compared the dietary behaviors of single-person households when eating alone according to the employment pattern and age. Methods: A total of 566 people aged 20~59 years old were collected from the status of workers and classified into three groups according to their employment pattern (regular, non-regular workers and business owner). The subjects were collected by purposive quota sampling on a Gallup panel from June to November in 2017. The dietary behavior and perception of eating alone of the subjects were surveyed via online and self-reported questionnaires. Results: The frequency of eating alone was significantly higher in the regular group than the non-regular group and business group (p<0.01). The place of eating alone was significantly higher in the regular and non-regular group in the convenience store, and business group in the office (p<0.001). Ramen, the menu when eating alone, was significantly higher in the non-regular group than the other groups (p<0.01). The preference for eating alone was lower in the older age group (p<0.05). The young aged group (aged 20~30) ate more fast food and felt more convenience than the older aged group aged 40~50 years (p<0.05). Conclusions: Single-person households with a non-regular job have poorer dietary behavior in eating alone than those who had regular employment. In a situation of an increasing number of non-regular workers aged in their 20s and 30s, there is a high likelihood of social problems, such as health and poverty. This study highlights the need for a healthy food selection environment to improve the dietary life of single-person households with non-regular jobs for the diverse types of single-person households.

• Korean Journal of Korean Medical Institute of Dermatology and Aesthetics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.98-113
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• 2005

This paper provides comparison and analysis between brand images of Korean herbal cosmetics and general, imported cosmetic brands, focusing on product's symbolic and functional images. The objective is to evaluate brand images of Korean herbal cosmetics to suggest a powerful brand image strategy that will be different and competitive. Data collection was performed on 300 adult women who were over 20 years of age and lived in Seoul or KyongKi area. Analysis was carried out using SPSS version 11.5 and frequency analysis, T-Test and $X^2$ verification was also performed. Analysis results for brand images of Korean herbal cosmetics are as follows. First, satisfaction scale as a purchase feature for users of Korean herbal cosmetics were 'Normal' 51.5%, 'Satisfactory' 35.1%, 'Very Satisfactory' 8.2% and 'Unsatisfactory' 5.2%. Regarding improvements, 'Efficacy, Effect' was the highest with 46%. Second, 'SEOLHWASOO' and 'BAEKOKSENG' among Korean herbal cosmetic brands, 'IOPE' and 'ISA KNOX' among general cosmetic brands and 'LANCOME' and 'CHANEL' among imported cosmetic brands displayed high recognition. Third, the symbolic and functional images of Korean herbal cosmetic brands were seen to be better compared to their general and imported counterparts. Especially, product related features of Korean herbal cosmetic brands received a more positive response compared to imported brands, which suggests that with research and improvement regarding non-product related features, functional images of herbal brands may be appraised ahead of imported brands. Fourth, there is a significant difference in brand preference according to the satisfaction of groups who actually use herbal cosmetics and the purchasing attitudes of groups who do not. Therefore, an active relationship marketing strategy is required to maximize satisfaction and to elicit favorable attitudes. By developing functional native ingredients, constructing data that can prove its efficacy and effects, and appealing its unique, differentiated symbolic value together with Orientalism, herbal medicines will be able to take off to be acknowledged worldwide.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.119-124
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• 2008

Many automobile assembly workers often do several cycles of tasks continuously, i.e., without breaks, to get a longer break. This is not recommended since the dose of fatigue increases exponetially with time and it takes much longer time to recover. In this study, a laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of work/rest schedules on workload of a repetitive upper-limb task. Eleven male subjects participated in the experiment, in which simulated screw driving tasks were carried out repetitively with 3 different work/rest schedules: standard breaks(1 cycle of work at a time, 60 20-s breaks), medium breaks(5 cycles of work at a time, 12 100-s breaks), and long breaks(10 cycles of work at a time, 6 200-s breaks). The result showed that medium- and long-breaks schedules significantly increased the level of perceived discomfort and %HRR as compared to the standard-break schedule. The subjects' preference was not statistically different among work/rest schedules, which might be caused from the absolutely low level of workload of the experimental tasks. From the results, it is recommended to have frequent and shorter breaks rather than infrequent and longer breaks to decrease the level of physical workload. A more expanded studies, however, should be carried out to provide more practical safety guidelines on the work practice of continuous working without breaks among automobile assembly workers.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.21 no.6 s.90
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• pp.813-822
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• 2005

This study examined the dietitians 'perception and usage of processed meat products in institute foodservices. Out of 368 questionnaires collected from the subjects in school and business foodservices, 341 were chosen for statistical analysis after 27 were excluded for improper responses. According to the results, dietitian perceived the processed meat products food positively in terms of 'convenience'(3.94) and 'taste'(3.30), but negatively in terms of 'package'(275) and'additive'(2.01). In the frequency of usage, they used 'Ham'(2.51) the most frequently, followed in order by 'Wanja'(2.17), 'Dongas'(1.99), 'Tangsuyook'(1.82), 'Hamburg Steak'(1.71), 'Dduckgalbi'(1.59), 'Bacon'(1.50), 'Luncheon meat'(1.39), and 'Smoked meat'(1.30). The perception of processed meat products was more different according to institutes than dietitian. For dietitian, the frequency of usage was different according to their age and career, while for institute, it differed according to the type of management and the cycle of menu. Also dietitian placed the most importance on 'taste and preference'($90.1\%$) in buying and 'balance of nutrition'($72.0\%$) in cooking processed meat products (Ed- there is no respective comparison here). Finally, in the correlation analysis between perception and usage of processed meat products, the taste had positive correlation with 'Hamburg steak', 'Tangsuyook', and 'Dongas', the additive had positive correlation with 'Tangsuyook', and convenience had negative correlation with 'Tangsuyook' Based on the results of this study, the Processed meat products should be researched, developed, and supplied, with consideration for institution foodseuices.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.643-643
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• 2015

최근 북한의 수자원에 대한 관심과 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 또한, 수자원 취약성과 지속가능한 개발과 관련된 지수에 대한 연구도 꾸준히 이루어지고 있으며, 이 지수를 이용하여 현재 또는 미래의 수자원 취약성을 판단하고 대비하고 있다. 본 연구는 기상청, 통계청, 환경부에서 제공하는 자료 중에서 북한의 지역별 자료의 확보 가능한 자료를 대상으로 기후변화에 대한 기후노출, 민감도, 적응능력을 나타내는 지표들을 선정하여 남한과 북한의 26개 광역자치단체에 대하여 수자원 취약성 순위를 도출하였다. 기후변화를 고려한 지표들은 각각 홍수피해와 물부족을 반영하는 지표인 일최대강수량, 일강수량이 80mm 이상인 날의 수, 연최대 연속강우일수, 3일주기 최대 강수량, 6-9월 강수량, 12-2월 증발산량, 3-5월 증발산량, 12-2월 강수량, 3-5월 강수량, 연속적인 무강우일 수의 최대값, 총인구, 인구밀도를 선택하였으며, 변수들의 가중치 결정은 객관적 가중치 산정 방법인 Shannon의 entropy 기법과 주관적 가중치인 환경부(2012)에서 전문가를 대상으로 유도한 가중치를 적용하여 치수와 이수분야에 대한 취약성을 각각 평가하였다. 수자원 취약성의 정량적 평가를 위하여 TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) 기법을 적용하여 남 북한 지역별 수자원 취약성을 지수화하고 취약성 순위를 도출하였다. 산정된 수자원 취약성 지수가 낮을수록 취약함의 정도가 심각한 것으로 정의할 수 있으며, 연구결과 남 북한을 통틀어서 서울이 가장 취약한 지역으로 나타났으며, 치수 분야에서는 북한의 양강도가 취약성이 낮은 것으로 나타났고, 이수분야에서는 북한의 양강도와 남한의 제주도가 취약성이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구는 남 북한의 지역별 취약성 순위를 통해 우리나라와 북한 수자원의 현황을 제시하며, 미래의 국가 수자원 계획 수립 및 대책을 제시할 수 있는 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.175-183
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose a analyses the big data of students who are willing to find employment and thus presents strategy for their higher success rate of employment. The experiment covered in this paper is based on female two-year community college students who are yet unsure about their future employment. The primary flaw of pervious employment strategy was job opportunity was only based on simple factors such as student's grade, appearance, and personality due to employers and firms's demand. Therefore, students were less satisfied and often resign. In order to prevent these failures, this paper plans a strategy by analyzing the big data. Furthermore, this is proven by the comparison between 2014 employment statistics and those of previous years, and employment request has been 21.3 percent increased along with 81.4 percent increase in match rate between firms and graduating students. Most importantly, the final success rate of employment presented 63.1 percent increase compared to the previous year.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.368-376
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• 2019

Background: In the current phytochemical research on ginseng, the differentiation and structural identification of ginsenosides isomers remain challenging. In this paper, a two-dimensional mass spectrometry (2D-MS) method was developed and combined with statistical analysis for the direct differentiation, identification, and relative quantification of protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenoside isomers. Methods: Collision-induced dissociation was performed at successive collision energy values to produce distinct profiles of the intensity fraction (IF) and ratio of intensity (RI) of the fragment ions. To amplify the differences in tandem mass spectra between isomers, IF and RI were plotted against collision energy. The resulting data distributions were then used to obtain the parameters of the fitted curves, which were used to evaluate the statistical significance of the differences between these distributions via the unpaired t test. Results: A triplet and two pairs of PPD-type ginsenoside isomers were differentiated and identified by their distinct IF and RI distributions. In addition, the fragmentation preference of PPD-type ginsenosides was determined on the basis of the activation energy. The developed 2D-MS method was also extended to quantitatively determine the molar composition of ginsenoside isomers in mixtures of biotransformation products. Conclusion: In comparison with conventional mass spectrometry methods, 2D-MS provides more direct insights into the subtle structural differences between isomers and can be used as an alternative approach for the differentiation of isomeric ginsenosides and natural products.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.402-409
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• 2019

Jeju black cattle are known as one of Korea's traditional cattle. However, Hanwoo is more well-known to Korean meat consumers as representative beef cattle. Despite the popularity of these two breeds, comparison of the nutritional characteristics between Jeju black cattle and Hanwoo have not been studied. Here, we compared the fatty acid and amino acid characteristics between two Korean traditional cattle and Wagyu breeds. A total of 62 cattle were used in this study. The Jeju black cattle beef had significantly higher unsaturated fatty acids than Hanwoo (p<0.05). Savory fatty acids, including oleic acid were also higher than in Hanwoo cattle (p<0.05). The negative flavor fatty acids, such as palmitic acid were significantly lower than in Hanwoo (p<0.001). On the other hand, linoleic acid which imparts a negative flavor was higher than Hanwoo (p<0.05). Amino acids, including alanine and glutamine, usually representative of the umami taste were present in significantly higher proportions in Jeju black cattle (p<0.05). In addition, bitter tasting amino acids, including valine, leucine, isoleucine, and methionine were lower in Jeju black cattle beef than in Hanwoo (p<0.05, p<0.001, p<0.001, and p<0.001 each). Taken together, our results suggest that Jeju black cattle beef had higher savory flavor and umami taste which affected consumers preference for the meat.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.162-169
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• 2022

In a dynamically changing time-varying network environment, the optimal moving pattern of edge devices can be applied to distributing computing resources to edge cloud servers or deploying new edge servers in the FEC(Fog/Edge Computing) environment. In addition, this can be used to build an environment capable of efficient computation offloading to alleviate latency problems, which are disadvantages of cloud computing. This paper proposes an algorithm to extract the optimal moving pattern by analyzing the moving path of multiple edge devices requiring application services in an arbitrary spatio-temporal environment based on frequency. A comparative experiment with A^* and Dijkstra algorithms shows that the proposed algorithm uses a relatively fast execution time and less memory, and extracts a more accurate optimal path. Furthermore, it was deduced from the comparison result with the A^* algorithm that applying weights (preference, congestion, etc.) simultaneously with frequency can increase path extraction accuracy.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.181-205
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• 2022

This study attempted to confirm the reading behavior of Generation Z college students in Korea, including their perception of e-book use, and to find out the changes caused by COVID-19. To this end, university students across the country were surveyed for e-book recognition and use, e-book usage status, e-book preference recognition, and comparison items of university libraries and e-book use before and after COVID-19. As a result of the analysis, university libraries had a significant impact on the use of e-books by Generation Z college students, and COVID-19 partially affected reading behavior, such as a significant change in the average daily reading time of Generation Z college students.