• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.14-17
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• 2014

Precision agriculture relies on information technology, whose precondition is providing real-time and accurate information. It depends on various kinds of advanced sensors, such as environmental temperature and humidity, wind speed, light intensity, and other types of sensors. Currently, it is a hot topic how to collect accurate information, the main raw data for agricultural experts, monitored by these sensors timely. Most existing work in WSNs addresses their fundamental challenges, including power supply, limited memory, processing power and communication bandwidth and focuses entirely on their operating system and networking protocol design and implementation. However, it is not easy to find the self-localization capability of wireless sensor networks. Because of constraints on the cost and size of sensors, energy consumption, implementation environment and the deployment of sensors, most sensors do not know their locations. This paper provides maximum likelihood estimators for sensor location estimation when observations are time-of arrival (TOA) range measurement.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.1095-1101
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to verify the effect on improvement of muscle strength unbalance according to load deviation protocol during whole body vibration exercise. Seventeen female volunteers (age $22{\pm}3$ years, height $160{\pm}4.9$ cm, weight $49{\pm}.8$ kg) participated in this experiment. The subjects performed squat exercise in WBV platform. Exercise were performed five set a day including 15 time a set, three days a week, and during 4 weeks. Vibration stimulus was 25Hz as frequency and intensity was dominant leg 1mm and non-dominant leg 4mm. The results in WBV group showed that the differences of peak torque in 16% were getting decreasing significantly after 4 weeks from 16.2% to 5.2%. This result means that WBV with load deviation protocol could provide muscle strength exercise for muscle strength balance. Our study found out that WBV of load deviation protocol could provide muscle strength exercise for improving muscle imbalance.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제34권12A호
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• pp.971-981
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• 2009

분산 네트워크의 노드들은 그룹 동작을 위해 기본적으로 장치들 간의 시각 동기를 요구한다. 정밀한 시각 동기는 분산 네트워크에서 다양한 응용의 확장을 가져다 줄 뿐만 아니라 보다 정확한 정보를 제공한다. IEEE 1588은 근거리 네트워크 내에서 노드들 간에 정밀한 시각 동기를 제공하기 위한 표준이다. 본 논문에서는 IEEE 1588을 지그비(Zigbee) 네트워크로 확장하기 위한 PTP 게이트웨이를 설계 및 구현한다. PTP 게이트웨이는 이더넷 기반의 IEEE 1588을 지그비 네트워크로 확장할 수 있으며, 이더넷을 통해 연결된 둘 이상의 지그비 네트워크에서 IEEE 1588 프로토콜을 이용하여 동일한 참조 시각을 공유할 수 있다. 또한, 본 논문에서는 PTP 게이트웨이를 이용한 IEEE 1588 기반의 시각 동기 기법에 대한 실험과 성능평가를 언급한다. 성능평가 결과, 이더넷을 경유한 두 지그비 네트워크에서 노드들 간에 약 300 나노초의 표준편차를 이루었다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제33권5A호
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• pp.561-570
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• 2008

시각 동기 기술은 초고속 통신, 병렬/분산 처리 시스템 등의 근간이 되는 기술이다. 최근 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅에 대한 관심도가 증가하고, 요구하는 응용이 다양해짐에 따라 무선 환경에서 높은 정밀도를 유지하는 시각 동기 기술을 요구되어지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 요구사항을 만족시키기 위해서 ZigBee를 이용한 무선 네트워크에서의 정밀 시각 동기 기법을 설계하고 구현한다. 시각 동기 과정 중 프로토콜 계층에서 발생되는 지연을 최소화하고, 메시지 송수신 과정에서 발생하는 에러 요인을 분석 및 제거함으로서 정밀 시각 동기를 유지한다. 또한, 본 논문에서는 시각 동기 시스템을 검증하고, 성능평가를 수행하였다. 성능평가 결과, 네트워크 내의 노드는 참조 시각원으로부터 50나노초 이하의 시각 동기를 이루었다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.952-955
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• 2000

Nowadays, Internet is so popular that we can easily access the remote site to search information and to communicate remote site and users. People who want to make a collaborate working environment can use JAVA, CORBA, and other internet programming tools like a Perl/XML. The mechanist are try to make the environment fur collaboration within design/manufacturing, simulation, remote sensing through TCP/IP And many industries and research institutions are working towards the agile manufacturing. This paper describes an internet-based real-Time remote monitoring system. The system consists of a hardware setup and a software interface. The hardware setup consists of a machine and its data acquisition hardware, while the software interface incorporates the data acquisition software, the server program, and the client program. The server program acts as the main interface between the data acquisition system and the internet technology. The client program is to be distributed to the remote users who want to monitor the machining status. The system has been demonstrated and verified for an industrial High-Speed Machine (HSM) especially measuring cutting force and acoustic emission. To share the signal, we make the WWW server and display its value. The system has been found to be highly efficient, reliable and accurate.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.294-304
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• 2022

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of different palatal vault configurations on the accuracy and scan speed of intraoral scans (IO) of completely edentulous arches. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three different virtual models of a completely edentulous maxillary arch with different palatal vault heights- Cl I moderate (U-shaped), Cl II deep (steep) and Cl III shallow (flat)-were digitally designed using CAD software (Meshmixer; Autodesk, USA) and 3D-printed using SLA-based 3D-printer (XFAB; DWS, Italy) (n = 30; 10 specimens per group). Each model was scanned using intraoral scanner (Trios 3; 3Shape^TM, Denmark). Scanning time was recorded for all samples. Scanning accuracy (trueness and precision) were evaluated using digital subtraction technique using Geomagic Control X v2020 (Geomagic; 3DSystems, USA). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to detect differences in scanning time, trueness and precision among the test groups. Statistical significance was set at α = .05. RESULTS. The scan process could not be completed for Class II group and manufacturer's recommended technique had to be modified. ANOVA revealed no statistically significant difference in trueness and precision values among the test groups (P=.959 and P=.658, respectively). Deep palatal vault (Cl II) showed significantly longer scan time compared to Cl I and III. CONCLUSION. The selection of scan protocol in complex cases such as deep palatal vault is of utmost importance. The modified, adopted longer path scan protocol of deep vault cases resulted in increased scan time when compared to the other two groups.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.475-484
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• 2021

안드로이드 운영체제는 스마트폰 시장과 함께 빠르게 자리잡으며 네비게이션, 냉장고 패널 등 다양하게 적용하고 있다. 기존 단말은 정확한 수행 시간이 요구되는 RTOS를 사용하면서 높은 정밀도를 요구하는 서비스의 구현이 가능했으나, 안드로이드는 높은 정밀도의 실시간 성능을 제공할 수 없는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 안드로이드 운영체제에서 동작하는 실시간 통신 방법을 제안한다. 실시간 통신은 UDP 프로토콜을 이용하여 부하를 줄이고, 커널 영역에 고정밀 타이머를 통해서 실시간 운영체제의 타임 틱을 구성한다. 안드로이드 응용 레벨의 라이브러리를 작성하여 실시간 통신을 구현하고 실시간 성능 검증을 위해 기존 안드로이드의 라이브러리와 비교하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.335-336
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• 2006

Compound semiconductor manufacturing environment also has been emerged as mass customization and open foundry service so integrated manufacturing system is needed. In this study, we design data acquisition system of compound semiconductor fabrication that has monitoring and control of process. The developed DAS is consisted of key-in system inputted by operator and automatic acquisition system by GEM protocol. And we implemented them in the actual compound semiconductor. It is expected that using developed system would offer precise process information to buyer, reduce a lead-time, and obey a due-dates and so on.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권3호통권96호
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• pp.91-102
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• 1999

Fieldbus provides real-time data communication among field devices in the manufacturing automation and process control systems. In this study, an experimental model of fieldbus-based manufacturing automation system is developed. Experimental model consists of two robots, two conveyor belts, NC machine, PLC, sensors and operator station. These machines are interconnected into the Profibus network, and exchange their data through the services provided by FMS(Fieldbus Message Specification), which is the application layer protocol of Profibus. The experimental model is used to measure the network-induced delay of variable and file data transmitted through FMS services. Network-induced delays are collected and analyzed on each sublayer of Profibus protocol stack. The results obtained from the experiment of this study can be effectively utilized when fieldbus is implemented on the practical manufacturing automation systems.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.515-519
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• 2021

IEEE 1588 PTP는 두 시스템이 GPS의 도움 없이 송수신 시간 정보를 포함한 패킷을 주고받으면서 동기화하는 정밀 시각 프로토콜인데 시각 동기화 과정에서 전파 지연 시간을 계산하고 이를 이용하여 두 시스템 간의 거리를 측정할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 수신 패킷의 프리앰블에서 추출한 타이밍 오류 정보를 이용하여 변조 심벌 주기 이하로 거리 측정 정밀도를 향상하는 방법을 제안하였다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 거리 측정 정밀도는 프리앰블 PN 시퀀스의 길이와 신호대잡음비에 비례하는 것을 보였다.