• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.130-136
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• 2008

Background: Human cytomegalovirus UL18, a MHC class I homologue, has been considered a natural killer (NK) cell decoy. It ligates LIR-1/ILT2 (CD85j), an NK inhibitory receptor, to prevent lysis of infected target cells. However, precise role of UL18 to NK cell cytotoxicity is yet elusive. Difficulty in clarifying the function of UL18 lies in complication in detecting UL18 mainly due to low level expression of UL18 on the surface and gradual loss of its expression. Methods: To overcome this hurdle, cDNA of cytoplasmic tail-less UL18 was constructed and expressed in swine endothelial cell (SEC). The expression level and its stability in the cell surface were monitored with FACS analysis. Results: Surface expression of UL18 is up-regulated by removing cytoplasmic tail portion from UL18F (a full sequence of UL18). SECs transfected with a cDNA of UL18CY (a cytoplasmic tail-less UL18) stably expressed UL18 molecule on the surface without gradual loss of its expression during 6 week continuous cultures. In the NK cytotoxicity assay, UL18 functions either inhibiting or activating NK cell cytotoxicity according to the source of NK cells. We found that there is individual susceptibility in determining whether the engagement of NK cell and UL18 results in overall inhibiting or activating NK cell cytotoxicity. Conclusion: In this study, we found that cytoplasmic tail is closely related to the regulatory function for controlling surface expression of UL18. Furthermore, by constructing stable cell line in which UL18 expression is up-regulated and stable, we provided a useful tool to clarify exact functions of UL18 on various immune cells having ILT2 receptor.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.252-257
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• 2004

We developed a polyclonal antibody based-ELISA system to monitor inocula accurately and rapidly before onset of anthracnose on soybean sprouts. Titer of mouse antisera against conidia of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, determined by indirect ELISA, was high enough to be detectable up to ${\times}$25,600 dilutions. Both PAb1 and PAb2 had the highest level of reactivity to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Absorbance readings exceeded 0.15. Sensitivity of PAb to C. gloeosporioides was precise enough to detect spore concentration as low as 500 conidia/well by indirect ELISA. Both antibodies are very sensitive and highly specific to the target pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, apparently discriminating other unrelated pathogen, or epiphytes. This kit fulfills the requirements far detecting inocula before infection and onset of anthracnose. Our ELISA system should also be feasible to detect C. acutatum (Mungbean sprouts rot) and G. cingulata (C. gleosporioides), (apple, pepper). It was remarkable that absorbance value was not reduced even after 4 consecutive washings (Fig.4), suggesting that antigenic determinants are on the surface of conidia. Antigenic determinant was characterized by heating and enzyme treatment: Both PAb1 and PAb2 bind to protein epitope that does not contain residue of amino acid, arginine, and Iysine, even though more work needs to be done.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.25-33
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• 2012

This paper deals with the development of automatic docking system for the detachable mobile seat(DMS) of a vehicle for the handicapped people who are unable to ride in a car by oneself. Although such vehicles for the handicapped already exist, there is a need for a vehicle with improved docking method for convenience. This paper presents an automatic docking system using two ultrasonic sensors. In order to identify the precise location of the mobile seat in front of the vehicle door, the capability of ultrasonic sensor for detecting the part edge is analyzed and mathematical modeling is performed to measure the exact location of the side edge. And also, this paper presents an automatic docking method using this sensor system and the car lift which is provided in the inside of the car.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.193-201
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• 2010

A specific and rapid real-time PCR assay for detecting Ralstonia solanacearum in horticultural soil and plant tissues was developed in this study. The specific primers RSF/RSR were designed based on the upstream region of the UDP-3-O-acyl-GlcNAc deacetylase gene from R. solanacearum, and a PCR product of 159 bp was amplified specifically from 28 strains of R. solanacearum, which represent all genetically diverse AluI types and all 6 biovars, but not from any other nontarget species. The detection limit of $10^2\;CFU/g$ tomato stem and horticultural soil was achieved in this real-time PCR assay. The high sensitivity and specificity observed with field samples as well as with artificially infected samples suggested that this method might be a useful tool for detection and quantification of R. solanacearum in precise forecast and diagnosis.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.106-113
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• 2010

In order to get the precise blood pressure and pulse number in the cuffless status, the wrist wearable pulsimeter with a portable and small size apparatus using by Hall device is developed. The regression analysis of the pulse wave measured by the testing product of pulsimeter is conducted two equations of the blood pressure algorithm. The estimated values of blood pressure obtained by the cuffless pulsimeter during 5 s are compared with the practical values measured by electronic or mercury liquid blood pressure meters. The standard deviation of the estimated value and the practical value for the high blood pressure and the low blood pressure were 12.1 and 5.9, respectively, which have the neighborhood values of BP International Standard. The detail analysis of a pulse wave measured by cuffless wrist wearable detecting the changes of the magnetic field can be used to develop a new diagnostic algorithm of blood pressure applying for oriental medical apparatus like as the wrist wearable pulsimeter.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.305-329
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• 2003

This work analyzes the influence of the dollar and yen currency on the rate of return of the individual firms and its symmetries based on the data from Jan. 5 1987 to Dec. 28, 2001. GARCH and autoregressive error models were used for on the daily data, due to the heteroscedascity and autoregression of the error terms, and as for the monthly data, this paper follows the autoregressive error models. Daily data fumed out to be a better explanatory variable in detecting exchange rate exposure, and EGARCH(1, 1) and GJR-GRARCH(1, 1) have higher competence in analyzing the daily data. Also, most of the exposed firms have been exposed in the negative region, and appreciation of exchange rate does not help enhancing the asset value of the domestic value. Analysis on the asymmetries let us conclude that high proportion of domestic firms face asymmetric exchange rate exposure, and that the pricing-to-market theory carries more conviction than the real option theory. Furthermore, monthly data are more precise in analysis of asymmetries.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2018

Compressive sensing allows recovering an original signal which has a small dimension of the signal compared to the dimension of the entire signal in a short period of time through a small number of observations. In this paper, we proposed a method for detecting tonal signal which caused by the machinery component of a vessel such as an engine, gearbox, and support elements. The tonal signal can be modeled as the sparse signal in the frequency domain when it compares to whole spectrum range. Thus, the target tonal signal can be estimated by S-OMP (Simultaneous-Orthogonal Matching Pursuit) which is one of the sparse signal recovery algorithms. In simulation section, we showed that S-OMP algorithm estimated more precise frequencies than the conventional FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) thresholding algorithm in low SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) region.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2013

ARGO-M is a satellite laser ranging (SLR) system developed by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute with the consideration of mobility and daytime and nighttime satellite observation. The ARGO-M optical system consists of 40 cm receiving telescope, 10 cm transmitting telescope, and detecting optics. For the development of ARGO-M optical system, the structural analysis was performed with regard to the optics and optomechanics design and the optical components. To ensure the optical performance, the quality was tested at the level of parts using the laser interferometer and ultra-high-precision measuring instruments. The assembly and alignment of ARGO-M optical system were conducted at an auto-collimation facility. As the transmission and reception are separated in the ARGO-M optical system, the pointing alignment between the transmitting telescope and receiving telescope is critical for precise target pointing. Thus, the alignment using the ground target and the radiant point observation of transmitting laser beam was carried out, and the lines of sight for the two telescopes were aligned within the required pointing precision. This paper describes the design, structural analysis, manufacture and assembly of parts, and entire process related with the alignment for the ARGO-M optical system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2000

With the emergence of laser mapping systems, higher resolution DTM of urban area can be acquired and can be used to generate precise orthoimage. But, when the conventional orthoimage generation methods are applied to the area containing features with height difference such as cliffs, bridges, banks. elevated highways and buildings, they cause problems such as occlusion and double mapping. Therefore, this study proposes a new algorithm by modifying and refining conventional orthoimage generation methods. With this algorithm, areas which have occlusion are detected from the base image using camera orientation parameters and DTM. Also, detected areas are restored using alternative images which does not have occlusion in that area. This study can be distinguished from the other studies in the aspects that the proposed algorithm in this paper doesn't need information on building and that uses DTM data and orientation parameters.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.160-167
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• 1999

Although somatosensory evoked potentials(SSEPs) have been utilized as the useful diagnostic tools in evaluating the wide variety of pathological conditions, such as focal lesions affecting the somatosensory pathways, demyelinating diseases, and detecting the clinically occult abnormality, their neural generators is still considerably uncertain. To appreciate the basis for uncertainties about the origins of SSEPs, consider criteria that must be met to establish a causal relationship between activity in a neural structure and a spine/ scalp-recorded potential. Electrode locations and channel derivations for SSEPs recordings are based on two principles:(1) the waveforms are best recorded from electrode sites on the body surface closest to the presumed generator sources along the somatosensory pathways, and(2) studies of the potential-field distribution of each waveform of interest dictate the best techniques to be used. In this article, authors will describe followings focused on ;(1) the concepts of near field potentials(NFPs) and far field potentials(FFPs) - the voltage of NFPs is highly dependent upon recording electrode position, FFPs are unlike NFPs in that they are widely distributed, their latencies and amplitudes are independent of recording electrode.(2) appropriate montage settings to detect the significant potentials in the median nerve and posterior tibial nerve SSEPs(3) neural generators of various potentials(P9, N13, P14, N18, N20, P37) and their clinical significance in interpretating the results of SSEPs. Especially, Characteristics of N18(longduration, small superimposed inflection) suggested that N18 is a complex wave with multiple generators including brainstem structures and thalamic nuclei. And N18 might be used as the parameter of braindeath. Precise understanding on these facts provide an adequate basis utilizing SSEPs for numerous clinical purposes.