• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.19
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• pp.417-424
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• 2015

The healthcare service industry has become one of the business industries in South Korea where service design is most actively being researched on and applied. In accordance with the recent upsurge of the interest in health, healthcare service is expanding its area including disease prevention, patient management, and rehabilitation treatment as well as cure and nursing care. The health manpower is the supplier, and their professional knowledge and ability and the patients' trust in medical technology are the most important factors for their customers. In addition, service design has come into the spotlight given that the medical institute system, health manpower attitude, and information delivery system and touch point are considered important factors contributing to customer satisfaction. It is very hard to satisfy customers only through professionalism, the environment, and product improvement because healthcare service deals with much more sensitive and emotional customers compared to other service industries. This means that a change in the service mind-set and the attitude of the health manpower as emotional labourers have practical effects. Therefore, the fundamental solution is to establish a system that provides related education with manpower and that settles various problems by itself. This paper introduces several solutions, such as education for health manpower and a service design system applied to a national-university-affiliated hospital in South Korea, and takes a close look at its effects.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.449-457
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• 2023

The purpose of this descriptive research study was to investigate health beliefs and self-efficacy in respiratory infection management as factors that affect the respiratory infection prevention behavior of college students. The subjects were 178 students attending a university in K city of Gyeongsangbuk-do. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire from September 1st to October 16th of 2020. The results of this study are as follows; Health belief was significantly different from participant's gender (t=-2.86, p=.005), major classification (F=2.95, p=.034), and taking any medications (t=2.18, p=.030). Self-efficacy in respiratory infection management was significantly different from university students' gender (t=-3.56, p=<.001) and major classification (F=4.59, p=.004). Health belief (r=.276, p<.001) and self-efficacy in respiratory infection management (r=.660, p<.001) had a positive correlation with respiratory infection preventive behavior. Multiple regression analysis results show that self-efficacy in respiratory infection management (β=.66, p<.001) significantly affected respiratory infection preventive behavior. The model had an explanatory power of 43%. The findings demonstrate that the major factor influencing the respiratory infection preventive behavior of university students is self-efficacy in respiratory infection management. Therefore, in order to promote behavior to prevent respiratory infection in college students, a program that can strengthen self-efficacy in respiratory infection management should be developed.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.721-728
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• 2023

In this study, we analyzed the effects of program participation aimed at enhancing self-directed learning abilities in university students on the motivational, cognitive, and behavioral aspects of self-directed learning. The study included 2,302 students enrolled in a university located in Region D, and data collection took place from March 2 to December 31, 2022. Comparing the experimental group(751 students) who participated in the program for self-directed learning improvement with the control group(1551 students), the experimental group exhibited a 0.24-point increase, whereas the control group showed a 0.08-point increase, demonstrating a significant difference between the two groups(t=34.89, p<.001). Furthermore, in the post-hoc analysis of self-directed learning ability scores based on the frequency of program participation, the mean difference between those who participated in 1 to 3 programs and those engaged in 4 to 6 programs was 0.067 points(p<.001). The mean difference between participants in 4 to 6 programs and those in 7 or more programs was -0.135 points(p<.001), and the mean difference between those involved in 1 to 3 programs and those in 7 or more programs was 0.067 points(p<.001). These results underscore the importance of recognizing self-directed learning abilities as a crucial competency in higher education and emphasize the significance of efforts to promote program participation and increase participation frequency.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.389-399
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• 2023

Recently, there has been a growing focus on the Entrepreneurial Intention of Chinese College Students as a key driver of motivational behavior. However, previous research has provided limited analysis on the actual impact of Social Support on the Entrepreneurial Intention of Chinese College Students. The purpose of this study is to enhance the Entrepreneurial Intention of Chinese College Students and to ascertain the mediating effect of Career Adaptability in the relationship between Social Support and Entrepreneurial Intention. Zhejiang Province, the top-ranked province in private economy in China, possesses a strong economic development momentum and an innovative entrepreneurial atmosphere. Therefore, this study selected 194 third and fourth-year undergraduate students from universities in Zhejiang Province as participants and collected data through a survey utilizing measures of Social Support, Career Adaptability, and Entrepreneurial Intention. The collected data was analyzed for correlations between the measured variables using SPSS 26 and Stata 17 SEM Builder for quantification and validation. The results of the study revealed that, firstly, while Social Support did not have a direct impact on Entrepreneurial Intention, it was found to have an indirect influence on Entrepreneurial Intention through Career Adaptability and its various sub-variables. Secondly, Social Support among College Students was found to have a positive impact on Career Adaptability. Thirdly, Career Adaptability among College Students was found to have a positive impact on Entrepreneurial Intention. Based on these analytical findings, this study provides theoretical and practical implications as well as fundamental information for entrepreneurship education and Career Adaptability at the university level.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.143-154
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• 1998

The purpose of this research is to suggest basic materials for the practical infection precaution program to protect health care workers from hospital infection by grasping their compliance level of Universal Precautions and examining the factors affecting them. The number of the health care workers we studied were 486, including the doctors, the nurses, and the lab technicians who were working in a university hospital. The period of this research was from Aug. 18th, 1997 to Aug. 30th, 1997. The method of the study was to measure the compliance level of Universal Precautions with the item of "Universal Precautions" established by CDC in 1987, and examine the questionnaire of 52 questions dividing related factors into socio-populational, individual, socio-psychological and organizational management ones. The data was analyzed by t-test. ANOVA, and chi-square test. The results were as follows : 1. An the compliance level of Universal Precautions, hand washing had the highest score(85.4%), and doctors(18.9%), nurses(44.0%), and lab technicians(7.6%), had a low compliance level in the safe handling of an injection syringe, and item not to handle patients and their samples when the subject suffered from dermatitis or injury had the lowest score of 17.1%. 23.3% of them said that they wear protection gown, goggles and mask. 2. Female's Compliance level of Universal Precautions Was higher than male. 3. The health care workers who had high recognition on Universal Precautions got significantly higher compliance level of Universal Precautions than those have low recognition on Universal Precautions(P<0.001). 4. The health care workers experienced a needle stick injury had a significantly higher compliance level of Universal Precautions than those who had not(P<0.000). 5. The health care workers who had infection protection education got a significantly higher compliance level of Universal Precautions than those who didn't(P<0.000). 6. The health care workers who had a firm belief in the effect of Universal Precautions got a higher compliance level of Universal Precautions than those who didn't. 7. The health care workers who had less conflicts between treating patient arid protecting them-selves got a higher compliance level of Universal Precautions than others with many conflicts. 8. The health care workers who had a high score in organizational management factors got a significantly higher compliance level of Universal Precautions than those with a low score(P<0.000). 9. Only 16.9 percent of the all respondents(82 in number) answered that they knew well or a little about the Universal Precautions, which is very low rate of recognition. 10. The variables which affected the score in organizational management factors were age, sex, education period, work experience, the kind of work, recognition on Universal Precautions, the experience of needle stick injury, revealing dangerous circumstance related to infection, and training on precaution again infection. According to the result above, compliance level of Universal Precautions showed high correlation with sex, the recognition on Universal Precautions, the experience of needle stick injury, training on precaution against infection, the belief in the effect of Universal Precautions, the recognition degree of conflicts and organizatinal management factors. These results could be used as the basic materials for the developing infection protection programs. Also, There should have a systematic training course to elevate a effective compliance level of Universal Precautions as well as the manageeent of infection protection programs.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was carried out to provide the basic information for developing intervention programs for volunteers by identifying the burdens felt by hospice volunteers and the factors related to such burdens. Methods: The subjects were 243 hospice volunteers at 8 hospitals of The Catholic University of Korea. A questionnaire was carried out: 25 questions about the burdens to the participants and 47 questions about the quality of life. The data obtained was analyzed using the SAS program to conduct t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient test. Results: 1. The mean total score of the burdens felt by the hospice volunteers was $53.3{\pm}10.4$. There was no significant difference in the level of burden depending on the demographic characteristics of the hospice volunteers. But the burden in care of high education and low quality of life increased significantly. 2. The level of burden to the hospice volunteers decreased significantly as their families more favored their volunteer activities. The subjects felt the highest burden in: family care, physical care spiritual care, emotional care, and after-death care, in this order. 3. The level of burden related to each factors was high in the burden due to patient care, sense of achievement, and volunteer activities, in this order. 4. There was a reverse correlation between the level of burden to hospice volunteers and their quality of life. Conclusion: In order to reduce the burdens to hospice volunteers and to help them tate care of patients more effectively, it would be necessary to provide the education programs about practical patient care problems and to develop measures for improving their quality of life, taking into account their level of education, family's support, and difficulties in their volunteer activities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.50-66
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• 2016

This study attempts to understand and explain how "Directed Attention Restorative Environment (DARE)" is managed and fostered in "Gang-Hak (講學)" and "Yu-Sik (遊息)" spaces both inside and outside of Oksan Seowon Confucian Academy, Gyeongju. Directed Attention is a pivotal element in human information processing so that its restoration is crucial for effective thinking and learning. According to Kaplan & Kaplan's Attention Restoration Theory, an environment, in order to be restorative, should have four elements: 'Being Away,' 'Extent,' 'Fascination,' and 'Compatibility.' We could confirm OkSan Seowon Confucian Academy has an inner logic that integrates two basically different spacial concepts of "Jangsu" and "Yusik" and thus fosters the Attention Restorative Environment. Particularly, the Four Mountains and Five Platforms (四山五臺) surrounding the premises provides an excellent learning environment, and is in itself educational in terms of the Neo-Confucian epistemology with "Attaining Knowledge by way of Positioning Things (格物致知)" as its principle precept, and of its aesthetics with "Connectedness with Nature" as its central tenet. This study attempts to recapture the value of Korea's cultural heritage concerning the Human/Nature relationship; and it may provide useful insights and practical guidelines/grounds in designing today's schools and campuses, where the young people's needs for the Directed Attention- and Attention Restorative- Servicescapes seem to be greater than ever.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.329-341
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• 2020

As COVID-19 pandemic sweeps across the world, more than 45 million confirmed cases and over 1,000,000 deaths have occurred till now, and this situation is expected to continue for some time. In particular, more than half of the infections in European countries such as Italy and Spain occurred in nursing homes, and it is reported that over 4,000 people died in nursing homes for older adults in the United States. Therefore, the issues that need to be addressed after the COVID-19 crisis include finding a fundamental solution to group care and shifting to family-centered care. More specifically, it is expected that there will be ever more lively discussion on establishing and expanding hyper-technology based community care, that is, family-centered care integrated with ICT and other Industry 4.0 technologies. This poses a challenge of how to combine social security and social welfare with Industry 4.0 in concrete ways that go beyond the abstract suggestions made in the past. A case in point is the proposal involving smart welfare cities. Given this background, the present paper examined the concept, scope, and content of non-face-to-face care in the context of previous literature on the function and scope of the social security platform, and the concept and expandability of the smart welfare city. Implementing a smart city to realize the kind of social security and welfare that our society seeks to provide has significant bearing on the implementation of community care or aging in place. One limitation of this paper, however, is that it does not address concrete measures for implementing non-face-to-face care from the policy and legal/institutional perspectives, and further studies are needed to explore such measures in the future. It is expected that the findings of this paper will provide the future course and vision not only for the smart welfare city but also for the social security and welfare system in administrative, practical, and legislative aspects, and ultimately contribute to improving the quality of human life.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.5
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• pp.85-105
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for practical and concrete program development, which can give students satisfaction in sex education. To achieve this purpose, an actual status of sex education for high school student and their sexual experience were investigated. And then tried to find out if there is difference of satisfaction in sex education and contents that they want to learn based on having sexual experience or not. For this study, a questionnaire of sexual awareness was conducted on 562 students among first graders and second graders of high school located in Kongju city, from on October 4th, 2004 to on October 15th. But only 550 answer sheets among 562 were analyzed, for 12 answer sheets were not proper enough to apply to this study. The collected data was computerized using SPSS WIN in frequency and percentage for actual condition of sex education and sexual experience and for satisfaction at the result of sex education based on having sexual experience or not. And then the $x^2$-test was verify the difference. The requirement for sex education, based on having sexual experience or not, was analyzed using t-test by computerizing the average and standard deviation. The conclusion of this study are as followings; 1. 93.8% students have ever been taught for sex education by teachers, but nursing teacher among them was the higher percentage than any other teachers. They took courses for sex education in discretion class, and the teaching method was a kind of lecture. 2. After taking sex education, 37.6% students said that it was boring, for they had already known the contents of the courses, and 43.8% students said that they acquired sex knowledge through the Internet and mass media. 3. It was highest percentage that 36.9% students had no agony about sex. The most serious worry was a sexual impulse and the sexual psychology of the opposite sex. To solve these worries, 61.6% students said that they consulted with their friends. 4. It showed that 89.9% male students and 71.6% female students had experiences various lascivious materials, 81.4% male students, 7.2 female students experienced masturbation, 52.7% female student and 44.8% male students experienced kissing or hugging, and 13.7% male students and 9.9% female students experienced sexual intercourse. 5. The satisfaction for sex education based on having sexual experience or not was different. In short, it showed that the students who experienced sexual experiences such as accessing to lascivious materials, kissing, hugging, and sexual intercourse except masturbation thought that sex education was important than the students who didn't experience sexual experiences. On the other hand, the students who didn't experience sexual experiences were more satisfied with the contents and level of sex education than the students who experienced sexual experiences. 6. The requirement for sex education based on having sexual experience or not was also different. The students who experienced sexual experiences wanted to learn an acquaintance with the other sex than the others. On the other hand, the students who didn't experience sexual experience wanted to learn friendship and love. The students who experienced sexual experience except masturbation was more desirable for taking sex education than the other students. In conclusion, it is fully required that sex education should be regular subject in school and teachers who are charge of sex education should be experts in this field, for only expert can teach systematic and adequate sex knowledge to students. In addition, it is also essential to understand contents of sex education which can be satisfactory for students' requirement. So we should develop concrete and practical programs for sex education.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1359-1375
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• 2010

Expecting the expansion of the elderly population under long-term home care with the coming of the aged society, this study purposed to propose a prevention and self-reliance support model and to get practical implications for minimizing dependency on care benefits and enhancing the effectiveness of prevention and self-reliance support. Research methods employed for this study were: first, reviewing theoretical literature for clarifying the concept of prevention and self-reliance support in providing long-term care benefits for the elderly; second, identifying factors hindering prevention and self-reliance support through analyzing standard long-term care use plans and documents related to long-term care benefits at elderly welfare centers to which the research subjects belonged; and third, surveying care benefit users on factors hindering their use of prevention and self-reliance support and their needs in the use of care benefits. Based on the results of the three types of qualitative research, we proposed directions for prevention and self-reliance support modeling and suggested practical implications for enhancing the effectiveness of prevention and self-reliance support. For this study, we collected documentary materials and conducted in-depth interviews with the participants with the consents and cooperation of managers and professional social workers at day care centers and elderly welfare centers in D City. According to the results of this study, literature review suggested that long-term care prevention and self-reliance support should be provided in a way of 'strengthening user-centered support systems,' which support elderly long-term care beneficiaries' right to lead a life as the subject of their own life. Document analysis found the absence of benefits related to health and medicine and lack of social support systems for prevention and self-reliance support, and the results of in-depth interviews suggested the necessity to strengthen services related to elderly long-term care beneficiaries' prevention and self-reliance, and the keen needs of the long-term care elders for prevention and self-reliance included: ① loneliness, anxiety, fear; ② missing for and worry about children and people; ③ moving, outing; ④ health and medical services, rehabilitation programs; ⑤ desire to use day care; ⑥ inconvenience of house structure; ⑦desire for meal menus; and ⑧ the occurrence of disuse syndrome. Based on these results, we suggested the base of prevention and self-reliance support modeling with three axes: ① strengthening user-centered support systems; ② strengthening support systems connected to health and medicine; and ③ strengthening social support systems.