• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.453-465
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• 2014

The paper provides a review on bio-oil production technology from biomass by using fast pyrolysis to use heating fuel, power fuel and transport fuel. One of the most promising methods for a small scale conversion of biomass into liquid fuels is fast pyrolysis. In fast pyrolysis, bio-oil is produced by rapidly heating biomass to intermediate temperature ($450{\sim}600^{\circ}C$) in the absence of any external oxygen followed by rapid quenching of the resulting vapor. Bio-oil can be produced in weight yield maximum 75 wt% of the original dry biomass and bio-oils typically contain 60-75% of the initial energy of the biomass. In this study, it is described focusing on the characterization of feedstock, production principle of bio-oil, bio-oil's property and it's application sector.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2010

Country images of Korea and Japan based on economic development, education level, goods' quality, R&D, political democratization and quality of life, perceived by Chinese university students in Beijing, Shanghai and Shandong province of chinese emerging markets as the representative of a potential buying power group, are surveyed, which, then are used to study how the perceived country images effect on their purchasing intention for Korean and Japanese products, such as, foods, cars, fashions, music CDs, electronic products and living goods. The study shows that, in chinese emerging markets, country image affects on the purchase intention of each products differently. The country image of Korea was less influential than that of Japan on the Chines students' purchasing intention for the goods other than the electronic goods. Despite the small number of the sample, this study showed the importance of country image in the in chinese emerging markets and suggested the need for both the government and private sector to take a strategy to enhance the country image by finding the relation between the elements of country image and the intention to purchase certain product.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.1205-1219
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• 2019

As the ability to use data becomes competitive power in the data-driven economy, the effort to create economic value by using personal data is emphasized as much as to protect personal data. EU's PSD2(the second Payment Service directive) became the initiative of the Open Banking trends all over the world, as it is the Mydata policy which protects the data subject's right by empowering the subject to control over the personal data with the right to data portability and promotes personal data usages and transfer. Korean government is now fast adopting EU's PSD2 in financial sector, but there is growing concerns in personal data abuse and misuse, and data breach. This study analyzes domestic financial Mydata policy in comparison with EU's PSD2 and focus on Personal information life-cycle risks of financial Mydata policy. Some suggestions on how to promote personal information and privacy in domestic financial Mydata Policy will be given.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.44-53
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• 2021

As environmental issues have emerged worldwide, emission gas regulations have been strengthened. In the construction machinery sector, studies have been actively conducted to utilize the power source of electric motors owing to the increasing demand for zero emissions. In this study, the gear specifications of an electric axle for construction machinery were selected by considering the specifications of the motor, gear tooth contact pattern, and face load factor. The gear strength evaluation was performed at the system level using the simulation model. The bending and contact strength of the spiral bevel gears and the bending strength of the planetary gear set showed a safety factor of 1 or more. However, the contact strength of the planetary gear set showed a safety factor of 0.92. Conservative results were derived by performing the analysis under the rated load condition of the motor. However, the ratio of the equivalent torque to the rated torque of the motor was 45% or less, hence, it was determined that no difficulties should arise regarding the durability of the axle.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.31-55
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• 2018

The economic penalty of care and gender inequality reinforce each other. Unequal distribution and treatment of care are at the basis of gender inequality. Care creates economic penalty that deepen gender inequality. Those who perform care work tend to take the position of the vulnerable in socio-economic power relations. Due to their weak position, it is difficult for them to voice out a fair treatment and reward for their work. As a result, care workers both at home and in the public sector suffering from lower economic value of care are positioned in unequal gender relations with more vulnerable socioeconomic status. The basic income system may have the potential to mitigate multifaceted gender inequalities in our society. For the introduction of basic income to help realize the real freedom for women, it is necessary to understand unique natures of care work and tackle economic penalties of care work. This paper examines the relationships between care penalties and basic income, focusing on the debate on the introduction of the basic income system. We argue that if the economic penalties caused by unique natures of care work are not eased or resolved, the introduction of the basic income may not contributes to alleviating gender inequalities.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.265-273
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• 2017

Recently the Paris Climate Change Accord has been officially put into effect, making global efforts to implement Greenhouse Gas (GHG) reductions, and also International environmental regulations in the automotive sector will be further strengthened. The electric vehicle, which minimizes the particulate matter generated by existing internal combustion engine automobiles, is evaluated as a representative eco-friendly automobile. However, charging the battery of an electric vehicle is not fully environment-friendly if it is fueled by electricity that is being generated by fossil fuels as an energy source. The energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation system, which is an infinite clean energy, can be used to charge an electric vehicle's battery. Currently, shortage of charging facilities, time of charging, and high battery prices are the problem of activating the supply of electric vehicles. This study is to build a conjunction between the EVBSS (Electric Vehicle Battery Supply System) and ESS (Energy Storage System), which can quickly supply the photovoltaic charged battery to the required demand. If the charged battery in the Battery Swapping Station (BSS) is swapped swiftly, it will dramatically shorten the waiting time for charging the battery. As a result, if the battery is rented when it is needed, electric vehicles can be sold without the cost of a battery, which accounts for a large portion of the total cost, then the supply of electric vehicles are expected to expand. Furthermore, it will be an important alternative to maneuver climate change by minimizing GHG emissions from internal combustion engine vehicles.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.67-79
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• 2021

Lessons Learned(LL) is a military term defined as all activities that promote future development by finding problems and need improvement in education and reality in the field of warfare development. In this paper, we focus on presenting actual examples and applying AI analysis inference techniques to solve revealed problems in promoting LL activities, such as long-term analysis, budget problems, and necessary expertise. AI legal advice services using cognitive computing-related technologies that have already been practical and in use, were judged to be the best examples to solve the problems of LL. This paper presents intelligent LL inference techniques, which utilize AI. To this end, we want to explore theoretical backgrounds such as LL analysis definitions and examples, evolution of AI into Machine Learning, cognitive computing, and apply it to new technologies in the defense sector using the newly proposed L²-OODA ensemble algorithm to contribute to implementing existing power improvement and optimization.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.67-77
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to introduce a town management system that utilizes private sectors and public space resources in urban management area. In this study, we are studying 7 town management districts in Japan which have been establishing diverse management systems that are propelled by the private sectors and private fund. We analyzed qualitative characteristics of 7 town management districts by surveying the operating status of organization, financial management and activities. Through the analysis, we clarified their characteristics that are related to establishing background. Also, we suggested conclusions of the study as follows: First of all, it is important to develop a town management method that takes into account the characteristics of the target district in order to overcome the limitation of applying uniform method and increase sustainability and efficiency of privately-led urban management. Second, marketing and promotion are critical strategies in town management since they are satisfying both private and public benefits. The high rate of reinvestment in marketing and promotions shows efforts to maintain the asset value of the private sector and continue to revitalize the city. Finally, in order to carry out urban management with private initiative, it is necessary to establish a working organization capable of realizing the operational direction of the steering committee to secure the executive power.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.419-430
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• 2020

This paper investigated methods to improve the forecasting accuracy of the electricity consumption prediction model. Currently, the demand for electricity has continuously been rising more than ever. Since the industrial sector uses more electricity than any other sectors, the importance of a more precise forecasting model for manufacturing sites has been highlighted to lower the excess energy production. We propose a double encoder-decoder model, which uses two separate encoders and one decoder, in order to adapt both long-term and short-term data for better forecasts. We evaluated our proposed model on our electricity power consumption dataset, which was collected in a manufacturing site of Sehong from January 1st, 2019 to June 30th, 2019 with 1 minute time interval. From the experiment, the double encoder-decoder model marked about 10% reduction in mean absolute error percentage compared to a conventional encoder-decoder model. This result indicates that the proposed model forecasts electricity consumption more accurately on manufacturing sites compared to an encoder-decoder model.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 2022

Artificial Intelligence has stimulated every aspect of today's life. Human thinking quality is trying to be involved through digital tools in all research areas of the modern era. The education industry is also leveraging artificial intelligence magical power. Uses of digital technologies in pedagogical paradigms are being observed from the last century. The widespread involvement of artificial intelligence starts reshaping the educational landscape. Adaptive learning is an emerging pedagogical technique that uses computer-based algorithms, tools, and technologies for the learning process. These intelligent practices help at each learning curve stage, from content development to student's exam evaluation. The quality of information technology students and professionals training has also improved drastically with the involvement of artificial intelligence systems. In this paper, we will investigate adopted digital methods in the education sector so far. We will focus on intelligent techniques adopted for information technology students and professionals. Our literature review works on our proposed framework that entails four categories. These categories are communication between teacher and student, improved content design for computing course, evaluation of student's performance and intelligent agent. Our research will present the role of artificial intelligence in reshaping the educational process.