• Journal of Chitin and Chitosan
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 2017

This study was conducted to examine the physicochemical properties and hot air-dried and spray-dried powders process of sweet potato and steamed sweet potato. The moisture and the total starch contents were 1.66~2.19% and 52.65~57.42%, respectively. The total starch contents increased during process steaming. The water absorption index of the spray-dried powders (0.97 and 2.03) was lower than that of the hot air-dried powders (2.12 and 4.71), and the water solubility index of the spray-dried powders (83.83 and 86.95%) was higher than that of the hot air-dried powders (68.40 and 81.21%). The particle size and outer topology of the spray-dried powders were 46.18 and $65.53{\mu}m$, and its shape was generally globular. In the DSC analysis of this study, the $T_o$ of the spray-dried powders (64.40 and $67.80^{\circ}C$), $T_p$ of the spray-dried powders (74.40 and $78.20^{\circ}C$), and $T_c$ of the spray-dried powders (81.10 and $81.60^{\circ}C$) was higher than that of the hot air-dried powders. The solubility contents of the spray-dried powders (68.21 and 80.73%) was lower than that of the hot air-dried powders, and the swelling power contents of the spray-dried powders (14.79 and 15.35%) was higher than that of the hot air-dried powders. The amylose contents of spray-dried powders (11.67 and 12.51%) was lower than that of the hot air-dried powders. The soluble dietary fiber contents of spray-dried powders (1.34 and 2.02%) was higher than that of the hot air-dried powders.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.394-402
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• 2021

The entry of an aging society and the extension of human life expectancy, the increasing interest in women's social advancement and men's appearance, and the natural interest in K-culture through media media, while receiving worldwide attention, Focus on K-Bueaty. Recently, looking at the occupation of the medical tourism field, in the case of aesthetic medicine tourism such as molding and dermatology, it has gained popularity not only in Asia such as China and Japan, but also in North America and Europe. The first external confirmation of human aging is the wrinkles on the skin of the face. Clean, wrinkle-free, elastic and healthy skin is a desire of most people. Skin condition and condition such as focused ultrasonic stimulation (HIFU: High Intensity Focused Utrasound) and low frequency, high frequency (RF: Radio Frequency), galvanic therapy using microcurrent, cryotherapy using rapid cooling, etc. Depending on the method of management, the effect of the treatment differs depending on the output and the stimulation site, etc., even in the treatment of medical equipment and beauty equipment using the same mechanism. In this research, in order to develop invasive high-frequency dermatological devices using a large number of beauty medical devices and microneedles of beauty devices, the international standards IEC 60601-2 (standards for individual medical devices) and MFDS (Ministry of) We designed and developed a high-frequency output device in compliance with the high-frequency stimulation standard announced in the Food and Drug Safety (Ministry of Food and Drug Safety). The circuit design consists of an amplifier (AMP: Amplifier) using Class-A Topology and a power supply device using Half-Bridge Topology. As a result of measuring the developed high-frequency output device, an average efficiency of 63.86% was obtained, and the maximum output was measured at 116.7W and 50.67dBm.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.67
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• pp.339-375
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• 2021

The author considers that contemporary society has entered the era of 'life on earth in peril' as a very serious situation in comparison with the past, and assumes that this life-in-peril situation, known as 'life crisis,' is one of the most urgent and important issues in Christian education as well as in public education. This urgency and importance is mainly based on the belief that Christianity is the religion of life that values all living beings' life and all Christians have the sacred vocation to cope with this crisis of life on earth, given by the life-giving God. For this reason, this study aims at identifying some tasks that Christian education should perform in the era of imperiled life, premising that diverse life-threatening situations and circumstances in today's world are closely related to the Christian Sabbath. More specifically, first of all, this article analyzes some notable phenomena of the life crisis in the contemporary world, such as deaths from intentional self-harm (suicides), deaths from industrial accidents and disasters, the real-life situation of vulnerable populations, people's indifference and insensitivity to the situation, and natural environmental degradation, by reflecting on current global issues as well as issues in Korea. This paper also criticizes neoliberalism, productivism, consumerism, economic materialism, egotism, and anthropocentrism as ideologies for causing these phenomena. After the criticism, the author interprets, from biblical and theological perspectives on the Christian Sabbath, main purposes and meanings of the Sabbath for contemporary society that are deeply connected with the crisis of life on earth: confessing that God takes the initiative to govern every creature's living and being; building the relationship with the God who has given the power of life to all living beings; practicing the Sabbath rest by living a holy life; and participating in the Sabbath rest as 'life-giving ministry.' In conclusion, this article suggests Christian educational practices that confront the life crisis, rooted in the purposes and meanings of the Christian Sabbath: reminding participants of the belief that God is the source of life on earth; cultivating 'life literacy'; helping people to resist the crisis of life; and encouraging humans to pursue the well-being and peace of both humanity and the earth.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.749-755
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• 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate the physicochemical properties of rice starch extracted from stale rice using alkaline steeping (AKL) and improved enzymatic digestion (iENZ) methods. The crude protein content (0.5-0.7%) of stale rice starch (SRS) was less than 1% by iENZ, but not so when measured by the existing ENZ methods. SRS is an intermediate amylose rice starch. AKL-SRS and iENZ-SRS exhibited typical A-type crystal packing arrangements with similar relative crystallinities. iENZ-SRS showed higher gelatinization onset and peak temperatures with a narrower gelatinization temperature range, compared to those of AKL-SRS, indicating that iENZ annealed SRS. Thus, iENZ-SRS exhibited lower swelling power and solubility, and higher pasting viscosities with delayed viscosity development. Overall, the use of stale rice as a rice starch source could make economical production of rice starch possible, and iENZ may diversify rice starch characteristics, which expands the utilization of rice starch in food and non-food industries.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.669-681
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• 2021

The content of major constituents and antioxidant activities of two lavers (Pyropia seriata, Pyropia dentata) selected through breeding at different regions (Jangsan-do, Amtae-do, Dali-do, Jin-do, Muan) were compared in this study. The mineral contents of both cultivars were in the following order: K>Na>Mg>Ca>Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu. The content of major fatty acids was as follows: eicosapentaenoic acid>palmitic acid>arachidonic acid>dihomo-ɣ-linolenic acid. Main constituents of total and free amino acids were as follows: alanine>glutamic acid>aspartic acid. In particular, the total amino acid content in P. dentata was higher than that in P. seriata and was the highest in the sample from Jangsan-do in January. In addition, in terms of total phenolic content, reducing power, and DPPH radical-scavenging activity of both samples collected in January and February, P. dentata showed better characteristics than P. seriata. This study may provide useful information for the selection of laver in high quality.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.65-78
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• 2021

Jagyeokru, an automatic striking water clock described in the Sejong Sillok (Veritable Records of King Sejong) is essentially composed of a water quantity control device and a time-signal device, with the former controlling the amount or the flow rate of water and the latter automatically informing the time based on the former. What connects these two parts is a signal generating device or a power transmission device called the 'Jujeon' system, which includes a copper rod on the float and ball-racked scheduled plates. The copper products excavated under Gongpyeong-dong in Seoul include a lot of broken plate pieces and cylinder-like devices. If some plate pieces are put together, a large square plate with circular holes located in a zigzag can be completed, and at the upper right of it is carved 'the first scheduled plate (一箭).' Cylinder-like devices generally 3.8 cm in diameter are able to release a ball, and have a ginkgo leaf-like screen fixed on the inner axis and a bird-shaped hook of which the leg fixes another axis and the beak attaches to the leaf side. The lateral view of this cylinder-like device appears like a trapezoid and mounts an iron ball. The function of releasing a ball agrees with the description of Borugak Pavilion, where Jagyeokru was installed, written by Kim Don (1385 ~ 1440). The other accounts of Borugak Pavilion's and Heumgyeonggak Pavilion's water clocks describe these copper plates and ball releasing devices as the 'Jujeon' system. According to the description of Borugak Pavilion, a square wooden column has copper plates on the left and right sides the same height as the column, and the left copper plate has 12 drilled holes to keep the time of a 12 double-hours. Meanwhile, the right plate has 25 holes which represent seasonal night 5-hours (Kyeong) and their 5-subhours (Jeom), not 12 hours. There are 11 scheduled plates for seasonal night 5-hours made with copper, which are made to be attached or detached as the season. In accordance with Nujutongui (manual for the operation of the yardstick for the clepsydra), the first scheduled plate for the night is used from the winter solstice (冬至) to 2 days after Daehan (大寒), and from 4 days before Soseol (小雪) to a day before the winter solstice. Besides the first scheduled plate, we confirm discovering a third scheduled plate and a sixth scheduled plate among the excavated copper materials based on the spacing between holes. On the other hand, the width of the scheduled plate is different for these artifacts, measured as 144 mm compared to the description of the Borugak Pavilion, which is recorded as 51 mm. From this perspective, they may be the scheduled plates for the Heumgyeonggak Ongru made in 1438 (or 1554) or for the new Fortress Pavilion installed in Changdeokgung palace completed in 1536 (the 31^st year of the reign of King Jungjong) in the early Joseon dynasty. This study presents the concept of the scheduled plates described in the literature, including their new operating mechanism. In addition, a detailed model of 11 scheduled plates is designed from the records and on the excavated relics. It is expected that this study will aid in efforts to restore and reconstruct the automatic water clocks of the early Joseon dynasty.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.135-151
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• 2021

This research attempts to analyze the factors influencing the entrepreneurial intention of employees in manufacturing field. In particular, key factors of entrepreneurship and personal characteristics explain a significant association with the intention to start-up. And study whether R&D support from public enterprise adjusts intention to entrepreneurial Intention. This study conducted a online survey on 292 small and medium-sized enterprise manufacturing employees in May 2020. Using linear regression model and binary logistic model. The main study results are the following: First, among the key factors(innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking) of entrepreneurship, proactiveness hardly influenced the opportunity competency. Second, among the factors(risk-taking propensity, locus of control, tolerance for ambiguity) of personal characteristics, locus of control hardly influenced the opportunity competency. Third, opportunity competency(opportunity recognition and opportunity evaluation) had positive influence to entrepreneurial intention. Fourth, the study investigated the mediated effect of opportunity competency. The result showed that among the factors of entrepreneurship and personal characteristics, only two factors that are proactiveness and locus of control were not mediated by opportunity competency. and opportunity evaluation was acted as a mediator between proactiveness and entrepreneurial Intention, compared with opportunity recognition. Lastly, public enterprise's R&D supporting moderated the entrepreneurial intention). Based on the result, the study showed that first, the key factors of entrepreneurship except for proactiveness and personal characteristics(risk-taking propensity, locus of control, tolerance for ambiguity) except for locus of control affect the intention to start-up, repeatedly. This results are explained that employees have not started a business yet. Second, research on start-up suggests the need to analyze factors differentiated before and after the start-ups. Based on the results, entrepreneurship and personal characteristics show that study on the effects of start-up intentions should be carried out before and after the actual start-up takes place, and can be used as effective data in policies to promoting start-ups in manufacturing field.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.731-738
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• 2021

This study investigated the physicochemical properties of rice starch isolated from broken rice using alkaline steeping (AKL) and enzymatic digestion (ENZ) methods. Broken rice starch (BRS) by AKL and ENZ possessed crude protein contents (0.6-1.4%) acceptable to commercial products of native starch and belonged to an intermediate amylose rice starch. AKL-BRS and ENZ-BRS showed a typical A-type crystal packing arrangement with small variations in their relative crystallinity. ENZ-BRS exhibited higher gelatinization onset and peak temperatures, and a narrower gelatinization temperature range than AKL-BRS, indicating that annealing occurred in ENZ-BRS. Lower swelling power and solubility were generally observed in the ENZ-BRS. ENZ-BRS also showed slower viscosity development, higher peak and trough viscosities, and lower breakdown, final, and setback viscosities, compared to those in AKL-BRS. These results are ascribed to the annealing phenomenon in ENZ-BRS. Overall, BRS from cheap broken rice using AKL and ENZ could contribute to the expansion of rice starch utilization in food and non-food industries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.629-636
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of mammo pad made of different kinds of materials on the reduced inconvenience and compression pains of patients to examine plausible interchangeability of existing pads made of single kind of material, and to examine the changes in pains of patients taking mammography and various factors therein. The high-hardness and highly-elastic mammo pressure pads, capable of replacing existing mammo pad of "H" company, were manufactured, and the display quality of mammography obtained from respective mammo pad were compared to each other to appraise the availability of manufactured mammo pad. In addition, 200 patients, who came to a general hospital in Seoul, were selected as subjects for the survey employing a questionnaire which was distributed to the subjects from December 2018 to March 2020 to identify the factors involved with the mammo pad of patients while taking mammography. The results of mammography obtained from both of the existing and newly manufactured mammo pad revealed appropriate display qualities fell within the range of clinical criteria. Besides, the factors associated with changing compression pains of patients taking mammography were analyzed wherefrom the general factors in the following order of age, height, and BMI index appeared, while the experiential and female factors appeared as in the following order: presence of menstruation, experience of child-birth, experience of breast feeding, menopause, grade of breast, shape of breast, and experience of mammography. In conclusion, the following factors comprising the age, experience of breast feeding, experience of mammography, and menopause rendered approximately 54% of power of explaining the degree of changing pains during mammography. Regarding the changes in compression pains while taking mammography, the increasing experience of mammography of patients rendered approximately 0.26 times more at the intermediate range of compression pains and approximately 0.14 times more at the range of severe pains.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.33-38
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• 2021

Recently, rollable and foldable displays are attracting great attention in the flexible display market due to their excellent form factor. To predict and prevent the mechanical failure of the display panels, it is essential to accurately understand the mechanical properties of brittle SiN_x thin films, which have been used as an insulating film in flexible displays. In this study, tensile properties of the ~130 nm- and ~320 nm-thick SiN_x thin films were successfully measured by coating a ~190 nm-thick organic nano-support-layer (PMMA, PS, P3HT) on the fragile SiN_x thin films and stretching the films as a bilayer state. Young's modulus values of the ~130 nm and ~320 nm SiN_x thin films fabricated through the controlled chamber pressure and deposition power (A: 1250 mTorr, 450 W/B: 1000 mTorr, 600 W/C: 750 mTorr, 700 W) were calculated as A: 76.6±3.5, B: 85.8±4.6, C: 117.4±6.5 GPa and A: 100.1±12.9, B: 117.9±9.7, C: 159.6 GPa, respectively. As a result, Young's modulus of ~320 nm SiN_x thin films fabricated through the same deposition condition increased compared to the ~130 nm SiN_x thin films. The tensile testing method using the organic nano-support-layer was effective in the precise measurement of the mechanical properties of the brittle thin films. The method developed in this study can contribute to the robust design of the rollable and foldable displays by enabling quantitative measurement of mechanical properties of fragile thin films for flexible displays.