• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.299-310
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• 2021

External fire spread has the potential to breach vertical compartmentation and violate the fire safety strategy of a building. The traditional design solution to this has been the use of non-combustible materials and spandrel panels but recent audits show that combustible materials are widespread and included in highly complex systems. Furthermore, most jurisdictions no longer require detailing of spandrel panels under many different circumstances. These buildings require rapid investigation using rational scientific methods to be able to adequately classify the fire risk. In this work, we use an extensive experimental campaign of material-scale data to explore the critical parameters driving upward flame spread. Two criteria are outlined using two different approaches. The first evaluates the time to ignition and the time to burnout to assess the ability for a fire to spread, and can be easily determined using traditional means. The second evaluates the preheated flame length as the critical parameter driving flame spread. A wide range of cladding materials are ranked according to these criteria to show their potential propensity to flame spread. From this, designers can use conservative approaches to perform fire risk assessments for buildings with combustible materials or can be used to aid decision-making. Precise estimates of flame spread rates within complex façade systems are not achievable with the current level of knowledge and will require a substantial amount of work to make progress.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.578-585
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• 2017

Recently, there has been a rise in the number of amphetamine derivatives that serve as substitutes for controlled substances (e.g. amphetamine and methamphetamine) on the global illegal drug market. These substances are capable of producing rewarding effects similar to their parent drug. In anticipation of the future rise of new and similar psychoactive substances, we designed and synthesized four novel amphetamine derivatives with N-benzyl, N-benzylamphetamine HCl (NBNA) substituent on the amine region, 1,4-dioxane ring, ethylenedioxy-amphetamine HCl (EDA), methyl, para-methylamphetamine HCl (PMEA), and naphthalene, 2-(aminopropyl) naphthalene HCl (2-APN) substituents on the phenyl site. Then, we evaluated their abuse potential in the conditioned place preference (CPP) test in mice and self-administration (SA) test in rats. We also investigated the psychostimulant properties of the novel drugs using the locomotor sensitization test in mice. Moreover, we performed qRT-PCR analyses to explore the effects of the novel drugs on the expression of D1 and D2 dopamine receptor genes in the striatum. NBNA, but not EDA, PMEA, and 2-APN, induced CPP and SA in rodents. None of the test drugs have produced locomotor sensitization. qRT-PCR analyses demonstrated that NBNA increased the expression of striatal D1 dopamine receptor genes. These data indicate that NBNA yields rewarding effects, suggesting potential for abuse. Continual observation for the rise of related substances is thus strongly encouraged.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2003년도 학술대회지
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• pp.345-348
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• 2003

건축 프로젝트가 대형화 되어감에 따라 현장에서는 총체적인 관점에서 프로젝트를 관리할 수 있는 능력이 중요하게 인식되고 있다. 초고층건물공사는 그 규모로 인해 생산성 저하의 위험이 상존한다. 특히 관리대상 프로세스가 기타 공정에 비해 상대적으로 많은 마감공사는 생산성 유지 혹은 향상에 집중적인 관리가 요구된다. 즉, 골조공정의 생산성이 높더라도 마감공사의 생산성이 낮은 경우 전체 프로젝트의 생산성은 현저히 낮아지기 때문이다. 본 연구는 문헌고찰 및 인터뷰 둥을 통해서 초고층 건축공사의 마감공사 발주방식 선정요소를 도출하였으며, 이 요소들은 초고층건물 마감 공사의 발주방식에 어떻게 영향을 미치는가를 분석하기 위한 토대를 제공하고 있다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
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• pp.241-244
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• 2008

본 연구의 필자는 우리나라 철근콘크리트(RC) 건물의 대다수를 차지하고 있는 중 저층 RC 건물, 특히 전단 및 휨파괴형 부재가 혼합된 중.저층 RC 건물의 성능지정이 가능한 내진성능평가법을 제안하였다$^{1)}$. 문헌[1]에서는 중 저층 RC 건물의 전단 및 휨파괴형 부재 내력과 연성능력 사이의 상관관계를 파악함과 동시에, 전단 및 휨파괴형 부재의 각각의 피해 정도가 건물 전체의 피해 상황에 어떻게 영향을 미치는가를 검토 및 검증하여 내진성능 평가법을 제안하였으며, 또한 실제 지진에서 피해를 입은 중 저층 RC 건물에 적용하여 제안한 평가법의 신뢰성을 검증하였다. 문헌[1]에서 제안한 평가법은 기존의 내력 중심의 내진성능 평가법(일본 내진진단법)에 비하여 보다 효율적으로 내진성능이 우수한 건물을 선별 가능하다고 사료되며, 이에 제안한 평가법을 토대로 본 연구에서는 국내 현존 저층 RC 건물을 대상으로 그 내진안정성을 평가 및 검토하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.9-23
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• 1999

Pusan's reputation as the nation's most crowded city in terms of population density is attributable to its huge mountains which allow only small portion of residential area to its large population. Rapid increase of urban population on limited amount of land had naturally led its developments efforts to mountainous area giving rise to the concern of potential landslide. This study on urban Pusan and "Landslide Hazard Map" thereof is prepared in an attempt to avoid disasters created by landslide and also as a reference for city planners. The Map shows that the area covering 38% to 43% of urban Pusan has the potential for landslide. The study also shows that various civil works involving massive land excavation had been more direct cause of landslides in Pusan than such traditional factors as locations, ground slopes, rock types and topography of the area concerned.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.573-579
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• 2012

Many countries have recently been expanding efforts for low-carbon global economy to solve the problem of global warming. Development and research for various types of new reusable energy is on the rise throughout the world. The most promising source of energy is the solar photovoltaic energy and the government take an initiative to establish both short-term and long-term policies to develop the solar energy potential resource map. The solar energy and industrialize area researched by GIS methods for optimum site for solar power transfer system. This study attempts to address the hot issue of the development and suitability of the solar photovoltaic energy site using GIS spatial analysis. We need to analyze and describe the solar technology, green energy policies and the energy market trend of the field.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2019

As many architects and visionaries have shown over a period spanning more than a century, the re-creation of the urban realm in the sky through connections between buildings at height has a vast potential for the enrichment of our cities. To many it seems nonsensical that, although the $20^{th}$ and now $21^{st}$ century, have clearly seen a push towards greater height and urban density in our major urban centers, the ground-pavement level remains almost exclusively the sole physical plane of connection. As the world rapidly urbanizes, greater thought needs to be expended on how horizontal space can be developed at height. This paper briefly describes the history, present classifications and uses, and potential future development potential of skybridges between tall buildings.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2003년도 제27회 추계학술대회
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• pp.53-53
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• 2003

For evaluating the feasibility of treating recurrent lesions in the vaginal cuff and cervix by hyperthermia, ultrasound applicators were designed, constructed, and characterized. For the treatment A half-cylindrical transducer Cd=1cm, length=lcm) and cylindrical transducer (d=2.5cm, length= 1.5cm) were used to construct ovoid type and cylindrical applicators. For the ovoid type applicator, each element was operated at 1.5MHz and characterized by measuring transducer efficiency and acoustic power distribution. Thermocouple probes were used to measure the temperature rise in phantom. The element sizes used in this study were selected to be comparable for high dose rate brachytherapy colpostat applicator. Each element was powered separately to achieve a desired temperature pattern in a target. The acoustic output power as a function of applied electric power of the element 1 and 2 was linear over this 1 to 40 W range and efficiencies were 32.2${\pm}$3.4% and 46.2${\pm}$0.8%, respectively. The temperature measurements in phantom showed that 6$^{\circ}C$ temperature rise was achieved at 2 cm from the applicator surface. As a conclusion, the ability of the ultrasound colpostat applicator to be used for hyperthermia was demonstrated by measuring acoustic output power, ultrasound field distribution, and temperature rise in phantom. Based on the characteristics of this applicator, it has the potential to be useful for inducing hyperthermnia to the vaginal cuff in clinic.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.197-212
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• 2013

With more and more high-rise building being constructed in recent decades, bluff body flow with high Reynolds number and large scale dimensions has become an important topic in theoretical researches and engineering applications. In view of mechanics, the key problems in such flow are high Reynolds number turbulence and fluid-solid interaction. Aiming at such problems, a parallel fluid-structure interaction method based on socket parallel architecture was established and combined with the methods and models of large eddy simulation developed by authors recently. The new method is validated by the full two-way FSI simulations of 1:375 CAARC building model with Re = 70000 and a full scale Taipei101 high-rise building with Re = 1e8, The results obtained show that the proposed method and models is potential to perform high-Reynolds number LES and high-efficiency two-way coupling between detailed fluid dynamics computing and solid structure dynamics computing so that the detailed wind induced responses for high-rise buildings can be resolved practically.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.183-194
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• 2017

This paper presents the experimental investigation into a new type of steel-concrete hybrid outrigger system developed for the high-rise building structure. The steel truss is embedded into the reinforced concrete outrigger wall, and both the steel truss and concrete outrigger wall work compositely to enhance the overall structural performance of the tower structures under extreme loads. Meanwhile, metal dampers of low-yield steel material were also adopted as a 'fuse' device between the hybrid outrigger and the column. The damper is engineered to be 'scarified' and yielded first under moderate to severe earthquakes in order to protect the structural integrity of important structural components of the hybrid outrigger system. As such, not brittle failure is likely to happen due to the severe cracking in the concrete outrigger wall. A comprehensive experimental research program was conducted into the structural performance of this new type of hybrid outrigger system. Studies on both the key component and overall system tests were conducted, which reveal the detailed structural response under various levels of applied static and cyclic loads. It was demonstrated that both the steel bracing and concrete outrigger wall are able to work compositely with the low-yield steel damper and exhibits both good load carrying capacities and energy dispersing performance through the test program. It has the potential to be applied and enhance the overall structural performance of the high-rise structures over 300 m under extreme levels of loads.