• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.537-543
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• 2017

수중글라이더(UG; underwater glider)는 지속적인 해양관측 탐사를 목적으로 개발된 장기운용 가능한 수중로봇이다. 원통형의 일반적인 수중글라이더는 단일 부력엔진과 자세제어기를 통해 추진하기 때문에, 운동조종성능 측면에서 효율적이지 못하다. 본 논문에서는 기존 원통형 수중글라이더의 부력제어 및 운동제어성능을 개선하기 위해 이중부력엔진을 탑재한 가오리 형태의 수중글라이더를 소개한다. CFD(computational fluid dynamics) 해석을 수행하여 설계된 형상의 글라이드 운동에 대한 유체저항성능을 해석한다. 산출한 유체력 계수를 바탕으로 운동 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 운동성능을 비교 분석한다. 가오리 형태의 수중글라이더 소형 축소모델을 제작하고, 제어시스템을 구성하여 기초 성능시험을 수행한다.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.145-160
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• 2002

The primary purpose of this study was to suggest midwife education programs which could be recognized and exchanged internationally by examining and analyzing both domestic and foreign midwife education programs. The secondary purpose of this study was to offer a plan to raise the level of national examination. Specific aims of this study were as follows: 1) to identify the international standard of the education and practices of midwives 2) to analyze both domestic and foreign midwife education programs 3) to offer a new curriculum for educating midwives 4) to suggest a prerequisite to raise the standards of the national examination 5) to suggest subjects for the national examination The results of this research were as follows: 1. The concept of midwife and midwifery practices recognized internationally by WHO and ICM(International Confederation of Midwives) was identified. In addition, Core Competencies for Basic Midwifery Practice suggested by ACNM(American College of Nurse-Midwives) of the U.S.A. were examined. 2. Midwife education programs of the U.S.A., Sweden, Australia, and Japan were investigated and analyzed. In addition, the midwife education program stated in the public health related law of this country as well as curriculums of institutions for midwife education were also investigated and analyzed. 3. As for the midwife education system, both a graduate program for midwife education in the college of nursing sciences and a postgraduate professional midwife education program centered medical institutions were suggested. 4. A new curriculum that could promote more international exchanges and extend the role of midwives was suggested after studying both domestic and foreign midwife education programs. 5. A prerequisite to raise the level of national examination for midwives was suggested. In addition, subjects for the examination which could evaluate the applicant's comprehensive thinking ability were presented with its respective range and ratio. A midwife is a medical professional who has a nursing license and is licensed nationally as a midwife with an additional year of education. An effort to extend a midwife' role and to improve its service is imperative. The laws related midwives should be revised in regard to education, service, and the national examination to the level of developed countries so that international recognition can take place. In addition, midwife curriculum and its service should be evaluated periodically. A system must be established to renew midwife licences.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2017

Construction projects have been observed to have problems of project delays and disruptions and the South African construction industry is not an exception. This research identified causes and effects of project delay and disruption through a desktop study. Subsequently, a questionnaire was designed and used to conduct a survey to obtain the views of the three main construction project participants - clients, consultants, and contractors. The questionnaire contains 48 causes and 13 effects of project delay and disruption identified from the desktop study. This research identified sixteen most important causes of project delay and disruption and five most important effects of delay and disruption. Sixteen most important causes were: (1) strikes, (2) rework due to errors during construction, (3) shortage of materials in market, (4) suspension of work by the client, (5) poor communication between the parties, (6) ineffective planning and scheduling of project, (7) delays in issuing working drawings, (8) mistakes and discrepancies in design documents, (9) shortage of labours and equipment, (10) delay in decision making process by the client, (11) unforeseen ground conditions, (12) unclear and inadequate details in drawing, (13) inadequate contractor's experience, (14) delay in approving changes in the scope of works, (15) delay in material delivery and (16) unacceptable quality of materials. The five major effects include: (1) create stress on contractors, (2) cost overrun, (3) time overrun, (4) poor quality of work due to rush, and (5) disputes. Furthermore, the result of this research was compared with the result of previous studies conducted in other regions of Africa in terms of causes and effects of project delay and disruption. The research concludes that numerous causes and effects of delay and disruption are limited to South African construction projects based on the comparison. The causes limited to South African construction projects include: (1) strikes, (2) suspension of work by the client (3) mistakes and discrepancies in design documents (4) delay in approving changes in the scope of works and (5) unacceptable quality of materials, while the two major effects limited to South African construction projects includes: (1) create stress on contractors and (2) poor quality of work. In conclusion, some recommendations were made in order to minimise the causes of delay and disruption identified.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.181-205
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate some Influencing factors related to the wealth perception and property increase of 519 women in Seoul. The research was conducted from the end of February 15 to the beginning of January 20, 2009. The figures obtained were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, x-test, t-test, F-test, chi-square, and Duncan's F-test with SPSS pc+ The major findings of who study are summarized as follows: l.There were significant differences between the wealth recognition (economic plan affirmative and negative perception of wealth) for women according to social and psychological variables; economic plans have a higher value for married women, older women, those who have followed a postgraduate university course, those with higher income and expenditure, higher life satisfaction, and high and middle satisfaction with their economic life. In particular, economic plans varied significantly according to expectation of wealth in old age, and future economic prospects in the middle group. 2. Increased wealth and economic according to social and psychological variables (marital status, age, education, income, expenditure, life satisfaction, satisfaction with economic life, expectation of wealth in old age, future economic prospects) were shown to be associated with the following methods of increasing property: use of savings banks (p<.001) showed a rate of deposit of 20%-40% (p<.001) saving and thrift was a practice (p<001) that was related to the cost of living; and education expenditure (p<.001) as a property preparation period was exhibited in women aged 25-30 (p<.001). 3. There were significant differences in the recognition of wealth according to strategies for increasing wealth. There were no significant differences between mean of property acquisition and point of expenditure or the property preparation period in the perception of wealth. The related variables in rate of deposits were under 20% according to economic plan and negative wealth perception. In contrast, in the middle and high group, the economic plan and negative wealth perception were 20%-40% in relation to the rate of deposits. Variables related to the action of saving and thrift and property acquisition were practiced in the low and middle group of affirmative wealth recognition and the high group of negative wealth perception. The high group for wealthrecognition and the low group for wealthnegation exhibited little savings, thrift, and property accumulation. Those variables which point an expenditure the cost of living were education expenditure in all groups of negative wealth perception. The women in the study practiced more soundness economic planning according to their increased wealth and economic strategy. This study suggests that women should have positive wealth perception in their lives.

• 한국보육학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.65-83
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• 2018

본 연구는 어린이집 교원의 소명의식과 윤리실천 및 행복감의 관계를 알아보고 소명의식이 윤리실천과 행복감에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 전국의 어린이집에 근무하는 기독교인 원장 106명과 보육교사 197명으로 총 303명이다. 소명의식은 심예린(2010)의 '한국판 소명의식 척도'를 사용하고, 윤리실천은 김은설과 박수연(2011)의 척도를 일부 수정하여 사용하였고, 행복감은 이은숙(2016)의 척도를 사용하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 어린이집 교원의 소명의식과 윤리실천 및 행복감의 상관관계를 살펴본 결과, 전체적인 소명의식과 윤리실천 및 행복감은 유의미한 정적 상관을 보여, 소명의식이 높을수록 윤리실천과 행복감이 높았고 윤리실천이 높을수록 행복감도 높았다. 둘째, 어린이집 교원의 소명의식이 윤리실천에 미치는 영향은 소명의식 중 목적/의미-존재와 친사회적 지향-존재 변인이 영유아와 영유아 가정에 대한 윤리실천에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 요인이었다. 동료 및 기관과 사회에 대한 윤리실천에는 친사회적 지향-존재 요인만이 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 어린이집 교원의 소명의식이 행복감에 미치는 영향은 소명의식 중 목적/의미-존재와 친사회적 지향-존재에 대한 소명의식이 높을수록 외적 행복과 내적 행복이 높게 나타났고, 자기조절 행복에는 목적/의미-존재 소명의식만이 긍정적 영향을 미치는 주요 변인이었다. 연구 결과를 통해 어린이집 윤리문제를 해결하기 위해서는 보육 교원들이 인간 본연의 내면에 있는 삶의 의미와 목적을 찾도록 도와주어야 하며, 그러한 과정에서 자신의 소명을 깨닫는 것이 매우 중요하고 의미 있는 것이라는 것을 밝혔다는데 본 연구의 의의가 있다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.69-90
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to find the recognition of Korean image fashion design by U.K fashion specialists. U.K is one of the important countries in design field including fashion design since 1960. For this purpose, literature research and focus individual interview research were carried. First, through the researches precedent, it was found that a national image is related with it's design industry and what is Korean image fashion design, were studied. Second, for individual interviews to 13 U.K fashion specialists, who are teaching and researching in University that has postgraduate course over M.A and had industrial experiences from 7years to 22years, were progressed using open questions and visual image stimulus. The open questions were consisted with four parts : personal educational and industrial background, recognitions about oriental fashion, recognitions about Korean image and Korean fashion design before seeing the visual stimulus, recognition about Korean image fashion design and the characteristics of Korean after seeing the visual stimulus. The results are as follows; First, the 12 U.K specialists have recognized 'oriental fashion' is one of important fashion trends now a days. Japan and Japanese designers are recognized as a represented nation and designer in oriental fashion by them. Two of the specialists referred to need changing the term 'oriental' because the term has been used in the sights of western from colonial age and Japanese is not included the oriental any more. Secondly, 11 interviews have recognized nothing about the Korean national image some of them has negative image due to political situation in Korean Peninsula. However 2 interviews who had been Korea before has positive image. In the questions about Korean fashion and Korean fashion designers, 10 of 13 interviews have nothing and negative recognitions. So it was founded that Korean fashion design was recognized as a lower level by U. K. fashion specialists. Thirdly, in the questions about Korean fashion image and the design characteristics of Korean fashion after seeing the visual stimulus, the response was represented two directions. One is about over decorative image through ethnic design and the other is about simple image differ from Japanese. The 13 interviews felt the Korean Image fashion design such like traditional, decorative, opulent, flat cutting, fresh proportion, loose, layering, natural, simplicity, complicate, adventure, easy, stylish, soft, feminine, young image, adult sexy image. The images were analyzed five image groups : adult sexy image, adult ethnic image, natural image, young avant-garde image, young simple casual image. No one preferred the adult sexy image, adult ethnic image and natural image. However 10 interviews preferred young avant-garde group and 13 interviews preferred the young simple casual image. So this group can be understanded and useful informed as one of competitive power in global fashion industry.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.812-817
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• 2012

본 연구는 비타민 나무(Hippophae rhamnoides L.) 열매 추출물의 약리 활성 효과인 항산화 활성과 미백 효과의 유효성을 알아보기 위해 DPPH 소거능, tyrosinase 활성 억제 효과 및 세포 내 멜라닌 생합성 억제 효과를 연구하였다. 비타민 나무 열매 추출물의 DPPH 소거능은 비교군인 ascorbic acid와 유사하게 높은 항산화 효과를 보여주었다. 또한 tyrosinase 활성 억제 효과는 $100{\mu}g/mL$와 $500{\mu}g/mL$에서 52.1%와 73.4%로 나타나 비타민 나무 열매 추출물의 미백 작용에 있어 tyrosinase 활성 억제와 항산화 작용이 관련이 있다고 사료된다. 세포 내 멜라닌 생성 억제 효과를 측정한 결과는 멜라닌 생성 억제 효과가 시료농도 5, 10, 50, $500{\mu}g/mL$에서 48, 43, 47, 56%를 나타내 미백 효과가 우수한 arbutin보다 효과가 높게 나타났다. 활성산소를 제거하는 것이 멜라닌 색소 형성 억제에 효과적이라는 연구 보고(Miyazawa & Tamura 2007)에 근거하여 볼 때 본 실험 결과에서 항산화 효과가 우수한 ascorbic acid과 유사한 항산화 효과를 나타내었는데 이는 피부 내 활성산소를 제거하여 멜라닌 색소 형성 억제 작용에 의한 미백 효과를 추측할 수 있었다. 그리고 tyrosinase 억제 효과의 실험 결과 역시 멜라닌 색소 형성을 억제시키고 여러 단계의 기작으로 인하여 미백 작용을 나타내는데 중요한 역할을 하게 될 것이라는 결론을 얻었다. 이상의 결과에서 비타민, 미네랄, 아미노산 성분이 풍부한 비타민 나무 열매 추출물은 미백 효과와 항산화 효과에 의한 멜라닌 색소 형성 억제 작용이 우수한 기능성 천연 원료로써 미백 화장품으로 이용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.189-198
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• 2011

두 가지 새로운 thiosemicarbazone으로, 예를 들면, 4[N-(4'-ethylbenzalidene)amino]antipyrine thiosemicarbazone(EBAAPTS) 및 4[N-(2',4'-dimethylbenzalidene)amino]antipyrine thiosemicarbazone(DMBAAPTS)를 합성하여 그 특성을 규명하였다. 이들 thiosemicarbazone(EBAAPTS 및 DMBAAPTS)의 코발트(II) 및 니켈(II)에 대한 착물화 특성을 조사하였다. EBAAPTS 및 DMBAAPTS와 코발트(II) 및 니켈(II) 염과의 반응을 뜨거운 에탄올 용액에서 수행한 결과, 일반적 조성으로 [$MX_2(L)H_2O$] (M=$Co^{2+}$ 또는 $Ni^{2+}$; X=$Cl^-$, $Br^-$, $NO_3^-$, $NCS^-$ 또는 $CH_3COO^-$; L=EBAAPTS 또는 DMBAAPTS)을 갖는 새로운 착물의 형성을 확인하였다. 새롭게 합성한 이들 착물에 대해 원소분석, 분자량, 몰전도도, 자기수자율, 적외선 및 자외선 분광학 등의 방법으로 특성을 규명하였다. 니트로벤젠 용액에서 이들 착물의 몰전도도를 측정한 결과, 비전해질 성질을 가짐을 알았다. 또한, 모든 착물은 높은-스핀 형태였다. 분광학적 연구로부터 [$MX_2(L)H_2O$] 형의 코발트(II) 및 니켈(II) 착물은 팔면체의 기하구조를 갖는 것으로 확인되었다. 이들 착물을 이용하여 항박테리아 및 항균 활성을 여러 종류의 병원균, 세균 및 박테리아에 대해 조사하여 생물학적 활성을 고찰하였다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.683-692
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• 2009

본 연구는Isoniazid의 hydrazone으로부터 유도된 새로운 리간드를 갖는 몇 가지 새로운 니켈(II) 착물의 합성에 대해 보고한다. 착물의 조성은 [$Ni(L)_2X_2$] 또는 $[Ni(L)_3](ClO_4)_2$ {L = N-isonicotinamidofurfuraldimine(INH-FFL), N-isonicotinamido-3',4',5'-trimethoxybenzaldimine (INH-TMB) 또는 N-isonicotinamido-cinnamalidene (INH-CIN) 및 X=$Cl^-$, ${NO_3}^-$, $NCS^-$ 또는 $CH_3COO^-$} 이다. 리간드 hydrazone 은 카보닐 산소와 아조메틴 질소를 통해서 중성의 두 자리 (N및 O주개) 리간드로 작용한다. 육면체 구조를 갖는 새로운 착물들은 원소분석, 분자질량분석, 자화율, 열분석과 적외선 및 전기적 스펙트럼을 이용한 전기화학 및 분광학적 연구를 통해 규명하였다. 니트로벤젠($PhNO_2$) 에서의 전기 전도성 측정에 의하면 [$Ni(L)_2X_2$] 및 $[Ni(L)_3](ClO_4)_2$ 착물들은 각각 비전해질 및 1:2전해질임을 알았다. 착물의 기하구조를 알기 위한 열적특성도 역시 연구되었다. 니켈(II) 착물 및 약간의 표준 약품의 항균성 및 항진균성 또한 연구되었고, 이를 통해 착물이 적당한 향균성 활동을 하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2008

In this study, we have investigated the effect of panaxatriol (PT) on phosphoinositides (PIS) breakdown and $Ca^{2+}$-elevation in thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Thrombin (5U/ml), a potent platelet agonist which activates phospholipase $C_{\beta}$ via protease activated receptor (PAR), hydrolyzed PIS in platelet membrane. The phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate $(PIP_2)$ was hydrolyzed after 10 sec of the thrombin-stimulation, and both the phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) were brokendown after 30 sec of the thrombin-stimulation. However, PT inhibited the thrombin-stimulated hydrolysis of $PIP_2$, PIP, and PI. On the other hand, thrombin increased the level of phosphatidic acid (PA) which is phosphorylated from diacylglycerol (DG) generated by PIS-hydrolysis. However, Pr inhibited the thrombin-increased PA level non-significantly. Thrombin increased cytosolic free $Ca^{2+}([Ca^{2+}])_i$) up to 72% as compared with control $(30.8{\pm}0.9 nM)$ in intact platelet. However, PT (100 ${\mu}g/ml$) inhibited the thrombin-elevated $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ to 100%. These results suggest that PT may have a beneficial effect on platelet aggregation-mediated thrombotic disease by inhibiting thrombin-induced platelet aggregation via suppression of the $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ level and PIS breakdown.