• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.135-145
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• 2016

In Korea, a series of noise-reduced aluminum forms are being recently used in apartment housing construction. However, their complicated and time-consuming work processes, and the noise which is still generated due to the inherent property of aluminum when especially installing and dismantling them have been pointed out as a problem to be certainly solved for increasing their practical use in construction sites. The primary objectives of this study are proposing an optimal conceptual design of a newly designed noise-reduced aluminum form and verifying the technical feasibility by conducting a working mock-up drive experiment. Thus, conventional noise-reduced aluminum forms have been analyzed and three conceptual designs of a newly noise-reduced aluminum forms have been deducted. AHP has been applied to a survey data collected by interviewing field experts. A trade-off analysis results have shown that 'Noise-reduced System Aluminum Form with a Drop-down Floor Post and Adaptive Beam' the highest weights of safety(0.52), work convenience(0.54) and thus selected. The suggested conceptual design in this study improved problems of conventional system aluminum forms. It is also expected that the suggested design will be used as a reliable guideline for the actual development of an aluminum form that ensures noise-reduce, work convenience and labor safety.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1405-1411
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• 2010

Calpastatin (CAST), an endogenous inhibitor of the calpains, plays an important role in post-mortem tenderization of meat. The objectives of this study were to investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the bovine CAST gene and association with carcass and meat quality traits. A total of 212 cattle from commercial herds were tested in this study including 2 pure introduced breeds, 4 cross populations, and 3 pure Chinese native breeds. Five SNPs were identified at position 2959 (A/G), 2870 (G/A), 3088 (C/T), 3029 (G/A) and 2857 (C/T) in the CAST gene (GenBank Accession No. AF159246). Allele frequencies of SNP2959 and SNP2870 were 0.701 (A) and 0.462 (A), respectively. A general linear model was used to evaluate the associations between the two markers and 7 traits. The results showed that both SNP2959 and SNP2870 were significantly (p<0.01) associated with the Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), while they had no significant association with the other 6 traits in the whole population. However, in Chinese native pure breeds, only SNP2870 had significant association with WBSF (p<0.05). The simultaneous analysis of two-marker genotype effects indicated animals containing the A/G haplotype (A for SNP2959 and G for SNP2870) tended to have lower shear force than those containing the G/A haplotype, and, especially, animals homozygous for the A/G haplotype had approximately 2 kg lower shear force than those homozygous for the G/A haplotype (p<0.01). These results suggested that both markers may be effective for the marker-assisted selection of meat quality traits in Chinese commercial herds, especially SNP2870 which can be used for Chinese native cattle.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.105-117
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• 2020

This study is a convergence study designed to suggest healthy eating out choices by grasping the relationship between determinants of delivery food and eating habits. The subjects of this study were 505 adults in their 20s and 30s who had an experience in delivery food. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis, χ² analysis, ANOVA analysis and Duncan's post analysis using the SPSS 25.0 program, and the research results are as follows. The convenience-seeking type had a high rate of late night eating, drinking, and breakfast skipping, while the saving-seeking type had a high score of food practice score. The utility-seeking type had a significantly lower quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) score. Therefore, the educational direction suggested according to the tendency identified in the determinants of delivery food can be used as basic data for the selection of healthy delivery food. In the future, research and nutrition education through grasping the route of determinants of delivery food are also expected to be necessary.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.7
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• pp.99-107
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• 1989

The study was conducted to obtain some basic information to establish the system of performance-tests and selection of honeybee queens(Apis mellifera) under Korean circumstances, Colony performances were tested with thirty colonies of Apis mellifera at two apiaries in Taegu, Korea from September, 1988 to August 1989. The results of performance-testing on the colonies are summarized as follows : The colony weight measured before wintering was averaged $23.6{\pm}1.90kg$ and the colony weight was decreased by $2.9{\pm}0.82kg$ in average during winter season. Thirteen colonies were entered in two story hive from thirty single box colonies from April 17 to May 5, 1989 with increase of bee population and, consequently, the ability of enter-supers of the colonies apperared to be low. The ability of collecting pollen was measured to be $14.8{\pm}2.15gr$ per colony during 24 hours in April, and the number of swarm cells was counted $12.5{\pm}3.43$ cells per colony in aveage. Tendency to use propolis appeared to be moderate, and the number of returning foragers for a minute per colony was counted $108.7{\pm}18.31$ bees in average. Brood area was measured $2,464{\pm}628,67cm^2$ per colony in the post nectar flow season of acasia, and 30.8 percent of the colonies appeared to be infected with chalkbrood disease, The amount of honey production was $14.9{\pm}8.49kg$ per colony, which was harvested two times during the main nectar flow season of acasia.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.261-269
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• 1993

When monoclonal antibodies are used in radioimmunoassay or immunoscintigraphic studies, post-labelling immunoreativity is a critical parameter. $^{125}I$ was incorporated to CEA-79 (anti CEA monoclonal antibody developed in Korea) by chloramine T and iodogen method with variable specific activities from $0.1{\mu}Ci/{\mu}g$ to $100{\mu}Ci/{\mu}g$. We used a new method to evaluate the immunoreactivites of modified antibody relative to the unlabelled native antibody from competitive binding assay. The effect of immunoreactivity and specific activity to the sensitivity of radioimmunometric assay was also evaluated. As a result, chloramine T method was better than iodogen method in radioiodination of CEA-79, because the immunoreactivity of antibody was relatively well reserved and more stable. New competitive binding assay was simple and effective to evaluate the change of immunoreactivity in radiolabelling. Antibody with high immunoreactivity and high specific activity improved the sensitivity of radioimmunometric assay, whereas antibody with high specific activity but low immunoreactivity didn't. The immunoreactivity and specific activity should be optimized according to the clinical un, and competitive binding method is useful in selection of optimal radiolabelling assay.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.201-207
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• 2018

Blood is a commonly found body fluid at crime scenes, and plays an important role in identifying suspects and in the reconstruction of crime scenes. Although serological detection of blood has been widely used in the field of forensic science, research on the detection of old bloodstains is scarce. This work aimed to compare various methods for the detection of old bloodstains and validate the reliability of their results. Four presumptive tests-Tetramethylbenzidine, $Bluestar^{(R)}$, Leucomalachite Green, Kastle-Meyer tests-and two confirmatory tests-Fecal Occult Blood (FOB) and Rapid Stain $Identification^{(TM)}-Blood$ ($RSID^{TM}-Blood$) tests-were compared. Bloodstain samples from post-mortem cases were collected on gauzes and then stored at room temperature for periods from 7 to 30 years. All the presumptive tests were positive, even for the 30-year-old sample. However, FOB and $RSID^{TM}-Blood$ provided false negative results for some samples stored for 17 years or more (1988 to 2001). The results indicate that FOB and $RSID^{TM}-Blood$ are not reliable for the detection of old bloodstains. These findings can be useful in the selection of an appropriate detection method for serological testing of old bloodstains. In addition, the information will be useful background knowledge when applied in the field of forensic practice.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1992

These studies were carried out to compare toxicological test methods of two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch,; and to investigate relationship between in vivo resistant level of highly acaricide-selected population, and in vitro insensitivity of the AChE in the same population to carbophenothion and ethion. The slide dip method (CV = 8.7%) was of more accuracy and suitability than that of the leaf dip method(CV=12.2%) and leaf disc method (CV= 13.6 %) in determination of the resistant levels of twospotted spider mite to acaricides. The slide dip method also had the advantages of simple treatment with different populations on a slide at the same time, standardization of post-treatement conditions and living plants exclud¬ed from the test. Even though the topical application method(CV =8.1 %) showed high accuracy, it had the demerits of the much time consuming, need of expensive equipment and difficulty of test manipulation. For a limited time, the 22nd successive carbophenothion-selected population of two-spotted spider mite showed 156- and 128-fold resistant levels to carbophenothion and ethion(both alPs), respectively. However, the 24th successive ethion-selected population revealed 64.1- and 65-fold resistant levels to ethion and carbophenothion, respectively. In the inhibition of AChE activity, the carbophenothion-selected population showed 3.3- and 2.7-fold insensitivity in AChE activity to carbophenothion and ethion, respectively. Likewise, the ethion -selected population exhibited 3- and 2.6-fold insensitivity in AChE activity to carbophenothion and ethion, respectively, as compared with that of susceptible population. As a result, a good relation was recognized between in vivo resistance to organophosphorous acaricides and in vitro insensitivity of the AChE to corresponding inhibitors.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2017

Purpose: This study provided the basic data for selection the zirconia block and CAM by means of marginal fitness observations, flexural strength test and hardness test. Methods: Three dental zirconia blocks(ABCera, NaturaZ, ST98) and two dental milling machines(CAD/CAM MS, DWX-50) were used in this study. Metal abutment(diameter 10 mm, height 5 mm, inclined angle $3^{\circ}$ taper, 1 mm chamfer margin) was fabricated by Ti customized abutment, and then zirconia copings were fabricated for each ten specimens. Silicone replica technique was used to observe the marginal fitness of cross-sections with a stereomicroscope at ${\times}50$ magnification. The dental zirconia blocks was cut into 10 pieces each having a size of $25mm{\times}5mm{\times}1mm$, and fabricated according to the manufacturer's instructions, and flexural strength was measured using a universal testing machine. For hardness test, a micro Vickers hardness tester was used as it was in the flexural strength test. Statistical analysis was performed by one way ANOVA and post-test was performed by Scheffe test. Results: For marginal fitness of bucco-lingual axial, ZU group($59.7{\pm}10.3{\mu}m$) was the lowest, followed by RA, ZA, ZD, RD, RU. For marginal fitness of mesio-distal axial, ZU group($59.3{\pm}10.2{\mu}m$) was the lowest, followed by RA, ZA, RD, ZD, RU. One-way ANOVA showed statistically significant difference between groups(p<0.05). For flexural strength, ABCera block($718.0{\pm}57.2MPa$) was the highest, followed by NaturaZ, ST98. For hardness, ABCera block($1550.3{\pm}19.8Hv$) was the highest, followed by ST98, NaturaZ. There was no significant difference in flexural strength and hardness between blocks(p>0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the type of dental zirconia block did influence the marginal fitness, and all dental zirconia blocks are expected to be suitable for clinical application. The highest flexural strength and hardness were ABCera block, and no statistically significant difference was observed.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.659-672
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• 2008

There is a need to develop diverse cultivation species with reference to the favorites and farming experiences of allotment garden participants, in addition to the crops being cultivated in the gardens. In this study, therefore, a survey on the status of cultivation and the demand for herb crops for the garden participants was conducted. Current trend of the programmes related to allotment garden for city dwellers, executed by various relevant organizations was analyzed. A questionnaire was accomplished by adult participants experiencing farming in allotments. Likewise, interview with farm proprietors was conducted. The results showed that the number of crop species cultivated in allotments was about ten species. The purchase of seeds and nursery plants was mainly dependent on the farmland proprietors. The selection of the crops was made by both wife and husband. The status of herb utilization indicated that 5.7% of participants were cultivating or had cultivated herb plants. Sixty-two percent of participants were not cultivating herb plants because they did not know how. The purposes of using herbs were for medicine and beauty (22.0%), for spices (22.0%) and for enjoyment (29.0%). Thirty-four percent (34.0%) of participants were interested or would like to use the herbs in the future for medicine and beauty, 39.0% for spices and 31.7% for enjoyment. It is expected that the demand for herbs would increase. Also, 78.3% of participants had the intension or had taken into consideration to cultivate the herb plants, if the farmland proprietors would provide the plants. And, they had interest in planting, management and post harvest utilization and if a reference material would be provided as well. An approach to plant new crops might be possible to those who have more than four years of farming experience and possess relatively high level of cultivation techniques. In conclusion, the favorable crop cultivation strategy corresponding to the participants' abilities; and rental process were essential for the sustainable operation of allotment gardens and expanded number of participants. Moreover, there is a need to pay attention to the city dwellers who have a lot of farming experiences in allotment gardens to maintain agriculture and rural community. This is so, because they are interested in agriculture and rural community and most of them replied that they had intentions to move to rural areas in the future.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6121-6128
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• 2012

Radiation-induced side effects on normal tissue are determined largely by the capacity of cells to repair radiation-induced DNA damage. X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) plays an important role in the repair of DNA single-strand breaks. Studies have shown conflicting results regarding the association between XRCC1 gene polymorphisms (Arg399Gln, Arg194Trp, -77T>C and Arg280His) and radiation-induced side effects in patients undergoing whole breast radiotherapy. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine the predictive value of XRCC1 gene polymorphisms in this regard. Analysis of the 11 eligible studies comprising 2,199 cases showed that carriers of the XRCC1 399 Gln allele had a higher risk of radiation-induced toxicity than those with the 399 ArgArg genotype in studies based on high-quality genotyping methods [Gln vs. ArgArg: OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.20-2.86] or in studies with mixed treatment regimens of radiotherapy alone and in combination with chemotherapy [Gln vs. ArgArg: OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.09-2.23]. The XRCC1 Arg399Gln variant allele was associated with mixed acute and late adverse reactions when studies on late toxicity only were excluded [Gln allele vs. Arg allele: OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.00-1.49]. In contrast, the XRCC1 Arg280His variant allele was protective against radiation-induced toxicity in studies including patients treated by radiotherapy alone [His allele vs. Arg allele: OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.35-0.96]. Our results suggest that XRCC1 399Gln and XRCC1 280Arg may be independent predictors of radiation-induced toxicity in post-surgical breast cancer patients, and the selection of genotyping method is an important factor in determining risk factors. No evidence for any predictive value of XRCC1 Arg194Trp and XRCC1 -77T>C was found. So, larger and well-designed studies might be required to further evaluate the predictive value of XRCC1 gene variation on radiation-induced side effects in patients undergoing whole breast radiotherapy.