• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.524-537
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• 2017

Post-Environmental impact investigation(Post-EII) plays an important role in investigating and reducing the environmental impacts of construction operations in South Korea. To date, it has been estimated that the results for Post-EII showed the low reliability; however, understanding those reliability has rarely been studied. We investigated the effect on water qualities by construction operations of the quarry mine, training center, and golf club in South Korea. In addition, the results of water quality analysis in this study were compared and analyzed with those in Post-EII. Treated wastewater in a quarry mine showed high concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand(BOD), suspended solid(SS), total nitrogen(T-N), and total phosphorus(T-P). Compared with the water quality results between this study and Post-EII, the concentrations of BOD, SS, T-N, and T-P in the treated wastewater were higher than the interquartile range(IQR) as well as the range of the results from minimum to maximum in Post-EII(p<0.05). The concentrations of BOD, SS, T-N, and T-P in treated wastewater were high under constructions in a training center. The concentrations of BOD and SS exceeded the consultation standard for the treated wastewater. These concentrations showed the significant difference with the IQR and the range from minimum to maximum of the water quality results in Post-EII(p<0.05). Therefore, the management and monitoring for water quality should be conducted in the treated wastewater by of construction operations. In addition, the alternative to enhance the reliability for the water quality results should be sought in Post-EII.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the prevalence and related factors of Clonorchis Sinensis for inhabitants of the Han riverside area and to identify knowledge related to Clonorchis Sinensis and intended behavioral changes to decrease risk of infection. Method: The data were collected from December 16, 2008 to January 10, 2009. Participants were 555 people who responded to a questionnaire. Frequency, percentage, $X^2$-test, and t-test were used to analyze the data. Results: The prevalence of Clonorchis Sinensis was 7.9% in this population. Related factors for Clonorchis Sinensis were gender (male=10.8%, female=3.6%, p=0.002) and smoking (p=0.007). but habits related to ingestion of alcohol and raw fish were not significant. As for knowledge of Clonorchis Sinensis, the Clonorchiasis group had a mean score of 10.09 $({\pm}3.95)$ of a possible 17 compared to a score of only 8.27$({\pm}4.60)$ for the negative group (p=0.011). The intended behavioral change related to risk of infection, according to presence of infection or not, was significant (p=0.004). Conclusion: These results suggest that Clonorchiasis is still highly endemic in all risk areas such as the Han riverside, indicating that it is necessary to set up effective management programs for patient care and prevention of Clonorchis Sinensis.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 1999

This paper presents the safety management model, which is appropriate for small-to-medium enterprises that rank the highest disaster rate. It is required for these companies to modify and improve the safety-related articles and it is peformed to compare and analyze the industrial disasters and safety management systems between large enterprises and small-to-medium enterprises. The basic direction of change of industrial safety healthy system must be classified to the dual direction. For large enterprises, it is focused on not pre-regulations but post-regulations based on the self-control safety management system. But for small-to-medium enterprises, it is required to intensify the safety management system and the safety responsibility for owners or administrators. Specially, the responsibility for disaster must be more strengthened by the penalty and the insurance method, and then it must be performed not only the financial support of government but also middle and long-term technical support by private safety organizations.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.73-82
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• 1999

This paper presents the safety management model, which is appropriate for small-to-medium enterprises that rank the highest disaster rate. It is required for these companies to modify and improve the safety-related articles and it is performed to compare and analyze the industrial disasters and safety management systems between large enterprises and small-to-medium enterprises. The basic direction of change of industrial safety healthy system must be classified to the dual direction. For large enterprises, it is focused on not pre-regulations but post-regulations based on the self-control safety management system. But for small-to-medium enterprises, it is required to intensify the safety management system and the safety responsibility for owners or administrators. Specially, the responsibility for disaster must be more strengthened by the penalty and the insurance method, and then it must be performed not only the financial support of government but also middle and long-term technical support by private safety organizations.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.228-240
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• 2022

A comprehensive safety management system will be required in accordance with the implementation of the Major Disaster Punishment Act for close-up safety management of construction sites. Safety management level evaluation management requires a comprehensive relationship between safety management under the Construction Technology Promotion Act and health and health management system under the Industrial Safety and Health Act. Purpose: Safety under the Serious Accidents Punishment Act. The ultimate goal is to study the comprehensive analysis and relationship of health management and to improve the safety evaluation level of health and health management. Methods: The feasibility of the questionnaire was confirmed through the second Delphi analysis of construction site experts and safety managers, and the regression coefficient and path analysis of potential variants in safety management, safety management, health management and safety inspection were confirmed. Result and Conclusion: In the structural model, the regression coefficient (89%) from safety management, health system, and safety management to safety inspection execution and lambda values of appropriate observation variables were confirmed. In the path analysis, the total effect (.809) was confirmed by mediating health hygiene in the relationship between health plan establishment adequacy and post-inspection management, and the path coefficient (.82) of temporary structure safety was confirmed.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.63-83
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• 2002

This study is to survey the materials purchasing and inventory management status and the characteristics and opinions of the staff in charge of purchasing and inventory of the general hospitals in Busan area in order to contribute to the rationalization of its management through the grasp of actual situation and the presentation of desirable improvement plan for the materials purchasing and inventory management. The status of medical institute had been surveyed by the purchasing/ administration managers of total 26 general hospitals, and the purchasing/ management questionnaires had been commenced with 86 staff of the 26 hospitals. Its major survey results, after the analysis of 24 medical institute statuses (return rate of 92.30%) and 60 staff questionnaires (return rate of 69.76%), are as follows. First, post-purchasing evaluation system is not used actively, orders are being placed by phone or fax, and general merchandise is being purchased through free contracts in most of the hospitals participated in the survey. Second, as per the materials supplying methods, the requisition and delivery system is currently the most popular in the hospitals surveyed, however, both the requisition and delivery system and the par level transfer system are the most desired in the hospitals of more than 500 beds, and the par level transfer system is the most desired in the hospitals under 500 beds for the materials supplying system in the future. Third, as per the inventory management system that is desired the most in the future, the SPD and JIT types are preferred in the hospitals of more than 500 beds, the stockless strategy is preferred in the hospitals under 500 beds, the senior staff above section chief grade prefer the stockless strategy, and the junior staff prefer the ABC classification and SPD types. Fourth, The necessity of purchasing staff's training for the materials management is highly recognized but the effectiveness is not so much acknowledged, which is because such a training is thought to be so superficial and formal that it is not helpful much in the actual field. When summarizing the survey results as above, the materials purchasing and management system is differed for each group of hospitals according to the size of beds, and the more scientific management system is largely required by the general hospitals in Busan city. They also hope the introduction of joint purchasing system, materials management by the bar-code system, and positive execution of the market survey and training of the relevant staff for the management of purchasing affairs. So the more systematic purchasing and inventory management is regarded to be necessary through the introduction of scientific and specialized education of materials management, market survey, and post-purchasing evaluation system also through the computerization of materials purchasing and inventory management as soon as possible.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the knowledge, attitude and prevalence status of Clonorchiasis Sinensis (C.S.) for inhabitants in the Nakdong riverside area. Method: Data were collected from December 16, 2008 to January 10, 2009. Participants were 552 people who responded to a questionnaire and had a stool examination. Results: The overall prevalence of C.S. was 13.8%. As for knowledge of C.S., the Clonorchiasis group had a mean score of 10.78 $({\pm}3.54)$ on a 17-point scale compared to a score of 10.58 $({\pm}4.15)$ for the negative group. The intended behavioral change related to risk of infection, according to presence of infection or not, was not significant but the Clonorchiasis group had a greater desire for behavioral change intention than the negative group. Conclusion: These results suggest that prevalence investigation of C.S. in all areas in the Nakdong riverside is needed and indicates that it is necessary to set up persistent and systematic management programs for patient care and prevention of C.S..

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 1978

Utilizing Foley catheter in therapy of inpatient cause bacteriuria and urinary tract infection that leads to first ranked factor's in hospital infection (nosocomial infection). To protect the patient from such infections, emphasis should be placed on catheterization technique and management of the closed drainage system, this reducing the chances of introducing organisms. This study has been done at Intensive Care Unit of A and B hospitals from May-Oct. 1978 on 20 male and 18 female adult patients. Each patient was screened and found to have nonbacteriuria in clean catch specimen before catheterization. Clean catch specimen via foley catheter were obtained after 48 hours and 96 hours from catheterization. The findings are as follows: A. The occurrence of bacteriuria in patients according to duration of indwelling catheter. 1 213.9% of the patient showed evidence of bacteriuria 48h post catheterization specimen, while 57.9% of the patient showed evidence of bacteriuria 96h post catheterization specimen. 2 25% of male patients had infection 48h post catheterization and 45% displayed bacteriuria post catheterization. 33％ of female patients displayed infection 48h post catheterization and 72.2% having infection 96h post catheterization. Statistically there were significant differences between female patients and the duration of insertion. (P < 0.025) B. The occurrence of bacteriuria with the administration of bacteriuria with the ad-ministration of antibiotic in 24 patients was in 41,7%. The occurrence of bacteriuria without the administration of antibiotic in 14 patients was in 92.3%. Statistically there were very significant difference between the administration of the antibiotis and bacteriuria. (P < 0.005) C. Studies were done according to the consciousness level of the patients, 71.4% of those patient who displayed mental disorder developed bacteriuria, while 30.0% of those patient who displayed non mental disorder developed bacteriuria.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.259-264
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• 2016

Objectives: We evaluated and recorded post-traumatic and postoperative neurosensory deficits of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) in mandibular fracture in order to identify associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cohort study composed of 60 patients treated for mandibular fracture. The primary study variable was the change between the post-traumatic IAN neurosensory examination score and the score after fracture reduction. Risk factors were categorized as demographic, anatomic, fracture displacement, and treatment. Appropriate descriptive and bivariate statistics were computed. Results: Sixty patients with unilateral mandibular fracture reported within 24 hours of injury were evaluated over a one-year period. A post-traumatic neurosensory deficit was observed in 52 patients (86.7%), the percentage of which was reduced to 23.3% over the follow-up period. Abnormal postoperative neurosensory scores were significantly higher in angle fracture cases (33.3%) compared to body fracture cases (11.1%). When recovered and non-recovered neurosensory scores were compared by fracture location, 88.9% of body fracture cases showed significant recovery compared to 66.7% of mandibular angle fracture cases. Cases with less than 5 mm fracture displacement showed statistically significantly higher neurosensory recovery scores (90.6%) compared to those with more than 5 mm fracture displacement (60.7%). Conclusion: Use of a miniplate with mono-cortical screws does not play a role in increasing IAN post-traumatic neurosensory deficit. Early management can reduce the chances of permanent neurosensory deficit. Mandibular fracture displacement of 5 mm or more and fracture location were found to be associated with an increased risk of post-traumatic IAN neurosensory score worsening.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.13-24
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• 2008

The aim of the present study was to develop a cognitive-behavioral group therapy program for social anxiety in Korean adolescents and to examine its efficacy through pre-, post- and 2-year follow-up tests. The program included cognitive restructuring, exposure training and social skills training. KSAS-A and SASC-R were administered to 588 1st grade middle-school female students to assess their social anxiety levels. On the basis of double criteria procedure(top 10% scores on both scales), 59 students were selected initially. Individuals currently receiving clinical treatment were excluded. Finally, 40 students were selected and randomly assigned to either a treatment group or a wait-list control group. The program consisted of 12 weekly sessions, approximately 1.5-2 hours in duration. Whereas pre- and post-tests were administered to both groups, follow-up tests were administered to the treatment group only. The collected data were statistically analyzed through independent t-test and paired t-test. The results of the study were as follows: 1) At post-test students in the treatment group showed a very significant reduction in social anxiety and fear of negative evaluation by others in comparison with those in the wait-list group. 2) At post-test students in the treatment group showed a significant reduction in negative automatic thoughts in comparison with those in the wait-list group. 3) At post-test students in the treatment group showed a significant improvement in overall social skills in comparison with those in the wait-list group. 4) At post-test students in the wait-list group showed a significant increase in both social anxiety and negative automatic thoughts in comparison with those in the treatment group. 5) At 3-month, 1-year and 2-year follow-ups, the program's effectiveness was maintained.