• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.53 no.3
• /
• pp.257-265
• /
• 2021

The COVID-19 virus is a β-genus virus that causes infection by mediating the angiotensin convertible enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, which is distributed in large numbers in the human respiratory tract. The disease requires effective post-management of antibody production by complete healers and vaccinators because there is no perfect remedy for the virus infection. This study aimed to develop recombinant proteins specifically responsive to neutralizing antibodies in clinical specimens and use them to develop a rapid diagnostic kit to diagnose neutralizing antibodies quickly and conveniently against the COVID-19 virus and confirm the possibility of commercialization through a performance evaluation. Rapid diagnostic kits using COVID-19 S1 RBD recombinant proteins can be applied to rapid diagnostic kits, with positive percentage agreement (PPA) and negative percentage agreement (NPA) of 100% and 98.3%, respectively, compared to the U.S. FDA-approved ELISA kits. If the performance of the rapid diagnostic kit is improved and neutralizing antibodies can be analyzed quantitatively using quantitative analysis equipment, it can be used as important data to predict immunity to the COVID-19 virus and determine additional vaccinations.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.14-21
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to examine the levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and social stigma among nurses caring for Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) patients. Methods: 169 nurses caring for COVID-19 patients participated in this study. Data collection was conducted at university hospitals from March 1 to August 31, 2020. Data analysis was performed for descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients using SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. Results: The mean scores of PTSD, depression and social stigma were 25.16±16.80, 17.26±8.63 and 5.83±2.84, respectively. The PTSD scores were significantly different between the department (F=2.89, p=.037). Depressive scores were significantly different between the marital status (t=2.27, p=.024) and the department (F=4.91, p=.003). Social stigma scores were significantly different between age (F=6.49, p=.002), marital status (t=-3.30, p=.008), having or not having children (t=3.82, p=.001), department (F=5.82, p=.001) and clinical experience (F=7.43, p=.001). Positive correlations were found between PTSD and depression (r=.70, p<.001) and social stigma (r=.22, p<.004). Conclusion: Integrated assessment and management are required to address the psychological and emotional problems faced by nurses caring for COVID-19 patients, and active follow-up measures should be considered.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.12
• /
• pp.311-320
• /
• 2021

This study aims to explore the applicability of the HyFlex Learning Model as a new form of early childhood education in the post-COVID-19 era. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, first, the current challenges of early childhood education and the form of early childhood distance education in Korea were examined. Second, after examining the outline and characteristics of the HyFlex Learning Model(HLM) and the application cases of overseas institutions, in particular, the cases of applying the HLM in overseas early childhood education institutions were reviewed. Third, things to consider when applying the HLM in the field of early childhood education in Korea were derived. As a result, the HLM was investigated to be applicable not only in higher education but also in early childhood education as a model that emphasizes the learner's choice, learner-centered/directed, and activity. In order to apply the HLM to the early childhood education field in Korea, several points to be considered were proposed. Finally, the contribution of this study and further study were suggested.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.11
• /
• pp.113-119
• /
• 2021

This study compared business performance and earnings quality before and after the COVID-19 pandemic for information and communication companies whose sales increased due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. For this, 4 indicators of ROA, growth potential, liquidity, and stability are used for business performance, and for earnings quality, the standard deviation of the residuals measured by the Dechow and Dichev(2002) model and Francis et al.(2005) model was used. As a result of the analysis, ROA, a representative business performance indicator, increased after xthe period compared to the period before the pandemic, but liquidity was rather deteriorated. As for the quality of earnings, it was confirmed that earnings sustainability is maintained in the post-pandemic period compared to the previous period, similar to ROA. Overall, the profit level and earnings quality of information and communications companies seemed to be improving, while liquidity was deteriorating. This confirms that companies that have overcome the immediate crisis are not ready to pay off their debts right away. Therefore, it suggests that companies need restructuring to reduce their increased debt from the time the COVID-19 subsides.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.245-246
• /
• 2022

Concerns about a global economic recession are rising following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Accordingly, government entities, which are committed to overcome two barriers to severe inflation and economic recession, are showing high interest in spending management so as not to undermine fiscal soundness. Since the health care sector especially accounts for a large proportion of fiscal expenditure, it should be managed in a manner that the expense is appropriately spent. The National Health Insurance System and Healthcare System have secured international competitiveness and reliability by effectively responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Likewise, considerable efforts should be made to reorganize the welfare and healthcare systems so that they can be sustainable during the post-COVID-19 era and the recession.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.10
• /
• pp.264-273
• /
• 2021

To study how digital content can be effectively developed and transformed in a post-COVID world in which the normal operations of museums have been disrupted, this paper analyzes the rapid development and limitations of VR exhibitions and proposes, as an alternative, the development of AR exhibitions. Studying VR/AR exhibitions that ran before and after COVID-19, this paper finds that VR, on the one hand, translates physical objects into digital video, which lacks aesthetic depth, and encounters operational problems originated by devices. By using mobile devices that are widely distributed and convenient to use, AR exhibitions can, on the other hand, be divided into three types: "museum-specific exhibitions" can present digital content in a specific indoor space, while "place-specific exhibitions" can be used in open outdoor spaces. The "non-place-specific exhibitions", can, as third type, combine digital content with printed material sent by postal mail. Among these three types, the specific/unspecified place type shows the highest "uncontact effect," which can suggest the best direction for effective museum content development in the pandemic era.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.62-70
• /
• 2021

2020 was a year in which the world spent in disorder due to the pandemic of Coronavirus infection-19(COVID-19). The pandemic was at the beginning of a turning point in history. For examples, the Black Death(Pest) that destroyed the feudal system of medieval Europe in the 14th century, smallpox that led to the destruction of the Inca Empire by Spain in the 17th century, and the Spanish flu that ended World War I early. The great transformation that will come after COVID-19 is presented from various fields and perspectives, but the understanding and direction of the transformation is ambiguous. This study attempts to derive and to analyze core terms based on a network of the future of globalization after COVID-19. Four Networks related to globalization, anti-globalization, and globalization and digitalization after COVID-19 were established respectively. A network integrating four networks was also constructed. The core terms were extracted from the hub nodes, the stress centrality, and the simplified network to which the K-core algorithm was applied. After COVID-19, the changes in globalization were analyzed from the extracted core terms. This study is thought to be meaningful to propose a method of deriving and analyzing core terms based on a network in understanding social changes after COVID-19.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.69-77
• /
• 2024

Purpose: This paper aims to tackle the challenges and opportunities of cities' response to COVID-19 and provide cities with policy implications for better adapting to the post-pandemic era. Cities around the world are facing new challenges and have had to adapt to maintain social distancing measures while also addressing equity and social inclusion issues. Research design, data and methodology: The research methodology relies on an examination of existing literature, coupled with trend analysis employing discourse analysis to investigate post-pandemic urban resilience. The article also attempts to employ the concepts of adaptive urbanism and spatial flexibility and their potential to address these challenges not only in response to the pandemic, but also in the long-term. Results: The article explores the impact of COVID-19 on urban spatial structure through a public health lens and proposes actions that cities are able to take to enhance their resilience in the aftermath of the pandemic. Conclusions: It underscores the significance of reconstructing with improved distribution dynamics and provides valuable guidance for companies and policymakers on navigating these challenges. Ultimately, it also suggests that the pandemic has initiated a worldwide restructuring of urban planning, potentially leading to the emergence of smart cities grounded in science and technology.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.51-63
• /
• 2022

COVID-19 has had a detrimental effect on urban vibrancy, particularly in urban commercial districts. Against this backdrop, the goal of this study is to examine the changes in social and economic vitality in Seoul's commercial area before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, and to identify influential factors for the changes in vitality using multinomial logistic analysis. The following are the key findings derived from the study. First, an examination of the changes in the vitality of commercial districts by type revealed that the decline in economic vitality was greater than the decline in social vitality. Second, the greater the residential ratio, the less harmful the impact of COVID-19 on urban vibrancy. Third, unlike other types of commercial districts, traditional markets had a minor increase in credit card sales even though the floating population fell during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fourth, the accessibility of the subway did not play a positive role in reversing the decline in social and economic vitality caused by the pandemic in the commercial district of Seoul; rather, the accessibility of private automobiles contributed to the increase in social and economic vitality. These results imply that the development and activation of commercial areas accessible by non-motorized modes in the residential neighborhood are becoming crucial in the post pandemic era.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.53 no.4
• /
• pp.228-232
• /
• 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is inflicting a brutal blow on humankind, and no corner of the world has been exempted from its wrath. This study analyzes the chief control measures and the distinctive features of the responses implemented by Korea and the United States to contain COVID-19 with the goal of extracting lessons that can be applied globally. Even though both nations reported their index cases on the same day, Korea succeeded in flattening the curve, with 10 752 cases as of April 28, 2020, whereas the outbreak skyrocketed in the United States, which had more than 1 million cases at the same time. The prudent and timely execution of control strategies enabled Korea to tame the spread of the virus, whereas the United States paid a major price for its delay, although it is too early to render a conclusive verdict. Information pertaining to the number of people infected with the virus and measures instituted by the government to control the spread of COVID-19 was retrieved from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention websites and press releases. Drawing lessons from both nations, it is evident that the resolution to the COVID-19 pandemic lies in the prudent usage of available resources, proactive strategic planning, public participation, transparency in information sharing, abiding by the regulations that are put into place, and how well the plan of action is implemented.