• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.553-559
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• 2015

Research on micro-level assessment of the changes of socio-economic status following health interventions is very scarce. The use of household asset data to determine wealth indices is a common procedure for estimating socio-economic position in resource poor settings. In such settings information about income is usually lacking, and the collection of individual consumption or expenditure data would require in-depth interviews, posing a considerable risk of bias. In this study, we determined the socio-economic status of 213 households in a community population in an island in the north-western Tanzania before and 3 year after implementation of a participatory hygiene and sanitation transformation (PHAST) intervention to control schistosomiasis and intestinal worm infections. We constructed a household 'wealth index' based housing construction features (e.g., type of roof, walls, and floor) and durable assets ownership (e.g., bicycle, radio, etc.). We employed principal components analysis and classified households into wealth quintiles. The study revealed that asset variables with positive factor scores were associated with higher socio-economic status, whereas asset variables with negative factor scores were associated with lower socio-economic status. Overall, households which were rated as the poorest and very poor were on the decrease, whereas those rated as poor, less poor, and the least poor were on the increase after PHAST intervention. This decrease/increase was significant. The median shifted from -0.4376677 to 0.5001073, and the mean from -0.2605787 (SD; 2.005688) to 0.2605787 (SD; 1.831199). The difference in socio-economic status of the people between the 2 phases was highly statistically significant (P<0.001). We argue that finding of this study should be treated with caution as there were other interventions to control schistosomiasis and intestinal worm infections which were running concurrently on Kome Island apart from PHAST intervention.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.193-204
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• 1998

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and disability in Korea. Their risk factors can be classified as either modifiable or nonmodifiable and among modifiable factors are high bood pressure, elevated blood cholesterol, obesity and cigarette smoking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for the cardiovascular diseases in a rural community and to get basic data for the development of a community-based rick reduction intervention program. Evaluation involved population-based, cross-sectional samples of adult residents in a rurual community. We measured blood pressure, body fat percent by bioelectric impedance fatness analyzer and serum cholesterol and interviewed adult residents over 20-year-old age. Blood pressure was checked twice and hypertension was classified by the sixth report of the Joint National Committee on Detection. Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The Cutpoints for high blood cholesterol was used National Cholesterol Treatment Guidelines and those for obesity was 25% in male. 30% in female. The results were as follows: 1. Prevalence of definitive hypertension was 59.7% in males and 54.4% in female. 2. Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 14.3% in male and 18.2% in female. 3. Prevalence of obese was 10.7% in male and 41.1% in female. 4. Among definitive hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity 52.1% possessed one risk factor, 12.6% two risk factors and 2.5% three risk factors in males. In females 41.4% possessed one risk factor and 27.6%. 5.7% respectively. 5. The smoking rate was 65.8% in males and 5.2% in females. Our results are used effectively for the community-based intervention towards cardiovascukr diseases risk reduction. However, because of limitations in our study design, further datas are needed including other risk factors and in-person clinical datas.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1147-1154
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• 2020

Nowadays, one of the most common diseases is chronic mental fatigue syndrome. This can be caused by many factors, such as busy life, heavy workload, high population density, and adverse technological impact. Most office workers and students who are sitting all day long while being exposed to this kind of environments are likely to be involved in the mental illness. Therefore, to prevent the illness, it has been highly required to design a device that enables mental fatigue to be monitored continuously without human intervention. This paper proposes a linear regression method to reliably estimating the level of human mental fatigue using wearable physiological sensors, with an estimation error of 0.852. Also, this paper presents an Android application that is able to check mental health conditions in daily life.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review and identify the meaning and components of the concept, Frailty. Method: We conducted literature review of studies that concluded the word of 'frail' or 'frailty between 1980 and 2008, and used MEDLINE, CINAHL database to select the articles. Results: Frailty is defined as a concept with multidomains, which are physical, cognitive, psychological, social. Critical characteristics of Frailty include multidominal deficiency, combined accumulation, diminished ability to keep up the independence of daily living, states beyond one's reserve capacity, dynamic relativity, proximity to adverse health outcome, aggregated symptoms. Frailty is caused by decreased physical activity, loss of sensory function, Chronic symptoms or signs, relationship with Caregiver, social isolation. Moreover, Frail elderly is at risk of falls and institutionalization. Conclusion: Frailty is very useful concept, because it has the potential to identify the elderly population at risk of adverse health outcomes. Based on this results, the appropriate tool for screening Korean Frail elderly and Nursing intervention for them needs to be developed.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 2009

Preterm infants are frequently discharged from the hospital with growth retardation. Given the potentially lifelong effects of growth impairmnet during a critical time of development, considerable effort should be focused on improving growth after discharge. Growth monitoring must be based on regular measurements of weight, length, and head circumference to identify those preterm infants with poor growth that may need additional nutritional support. Although prior studies vary in design and the intervention used, the evidence supports the use of fortified formulas in formula-fed preterm infants after discharge. The situation for infants fed human milk is much less clear, it seems prudent to concentrate our efforts on the encouragement of breast-feeding in this population. Catch up growth may have many benefits, and may lead to improved development. However, its long-term metabolic consequences are currently unclear. Understanding the optimal means of providing nutrition after discharge is an ongoing process.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.23-36
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was performed to suggest the roles and professional competencies of health education specialists to improve the efficacy of health promotion activities in public health organizations. Results and Conclusion: Based on the advanced cases of utilizing health education specialists in international and domestic public health organizations, five key roles of health education specialists were proposed. They included developing and applying behavior change strategies necessary to begin and maintain health behavior practices, analysing the needs of the priority population in a systematic way, organizing multiple health behavior change programs and multilevel intervention programs, and doing research on health determinants and scientific evidence of health promotion programs, In order to improve the quality of health promotion services in public health organizations, professional competencies of health education specialist should be developed and strengthened.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1755-1758
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• 2022

One of the most negative social changes of the last decade is population aging which leads to 19 times more patients with Mild Cognitive Disorder(MCI). It is well established that MCI is the most important state that can prevent dementia with early diagnosis and intervention. However, the social security system for patients with dementia is not working properly due to the coronavirus pandemic and the limited human power. This article proposes a form of workbench and design principles for dementia training programs of extended reality devices. and the findings in this study provide a guide for considering the cognitive and physical and social functions of patients.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.293-305
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• 2007

This study examined the distribution, population and vegetation structure of Corylopsis coreana in South Korea. C. coreana is distributed around the Suncheon area, Jeollanam-do, on the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, but the species is also found in Pocheon and Gangneung, on the central and central east parts of the peninsula. This discontinuous pattern of distribution is coupled with the unusual feature of only growing on northern exposed slopes. The mean density of C. coreana populations is 35 individuals per 100 $m^2$, ranging up to a maximum of 92 individuals per 100 $m^2$. Cut specimens sprouted a maximum of 38 stems per plant. Based on DCA analysis, the species' habitats was divided into three types by species composition and stratification structure. These types include: habitats affected strongly by human activities, valley and mantle communities which are affected relatively little by human activities, and stable forests. Populations affected by artificial intervention have actually flourished, while some populations in the stable forest system have declined. We conclude that the species, now endangered, should be maintained by means of specific external interventions such as cutting or removal of the canopy. To this end, further ecological data should be collected through monitoring and research to identify appropriate interventions to support threatened C. coreana populations.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.175-186
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• 2010

Purpose: Delirium can be a highly prevalent symptom in intensive care units but it may still be under-recognized despite its relation with inclined morbidity, mortality, cost, and readmission. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a protocol that covers risk factors and non-pharmacological interventions to prevent delirium in ICU patients. Methods: This study was conducted using methodological design, and it followed the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network (SIGN) guideline development steps: 1) the scope of protocol was decided (population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes); 2) guidelines, systematic reviews, and protocols were reviewed and checked using methodology checklist; 3) the level of evidence and recommendation grades was assigned; 4) the appropriateness of recommendations was scored by experts; 5) the final protocol & algorithm was modified and complemented. Results: The evidence-based delirium prevention protocol was completed that includes predisposing factors, precipitating factors and recommendations with evidenced grades. Conclusion: This protocol can be used as a guide nurses in screening patients with high risk factors of delirium as well as in intervening the patients non-pharmacologically to prevent delirium.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.19-43
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• 2017

This study aimed to examine the effects of a reciprocal attention intervention on the joint attention behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by comparing the music and nonmusic conditions. An alternating treatment design was applied as one of the single subject designs and the reciprocal attention intervention included music and nonmusic conditions implemented alternately within a session. The participants were four children between the ages 4 and 5 years and each participant who participated in 23 intervention sessions that followed the sequence of baseline (3 sessions), treatment (15 sessions), and follow-up (5 sessions). The music condition consisted of structured joint instrument playing, trials for attentional shift, and interactive instrument playing. The nonmusic condition consisted of joint toy play, trials for attentional shift, and turn taking-based play. The occurrence of target behaviors (i. e., joint attention behavior, eye gaze, and joint action) was analyzed across sessions. At pretest and posttest, the Early Social Communication Scale was administered. All participants showed increasing tendency in all target behaviors, but such occurrence was greater in the music condition than in the nonmusic condition. The findings support the use of a reciprocal attention intervention with musical stimuli to effectively improve joint attention in this population.