• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.65-73
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• 2020

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a single-gene disease of the cerebral small blood vessels caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene on chromosome 19. Although CADASIL was known as a rare disease, recent research has suggested that the NOTCH variants could be found frequently even in the general population. The main clinical features included recurrent stroke, migraine, psychiatric symptoms, and progressive cognitive decline. On brain magnetic resonance imaging, patients with CADASIL showed multifocal white matter hyperintensity lesions, lacunar infarcts, microbleeds, and brain atrophy. Among them, lacunar infarcts and brain atrophy are important in predicting the clinical outcomes of patients with CADASIL. In the Jeju National University Hospital, we have diagnosed 213 CADASIL patients from 2004 to 2020. Most NOTCH3 mutations were located in exon 11 (94.4%), and p.Arg544Cys was the most common mutation. The mean age at diagnosis was 61.0±12.8 years. The most common presenting symptoms were ischemic stroke (24.4%), followed by cognitive impairment(15.0%), headache (8.9%), and dizziness(8.0%). Although the exact prevalence of CADASIL in Jeju is still unknown, the disease prevalence could be as high as 1% of the population considering the prevalence reported in Taiwan. Therefore, it is necessary to discover efficient biomarkers and genetic tests that can accurately screen and diagnose patients suspected of having CADASIL in this region. Ultimately, it is urgent to explore the exact pathogenesis of the disease to identify leading substances of treatment potential, and for this, multi-disciplinary research through active support from the Jeju provincial government as well as the national government is essential.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.349-356
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• 2022

Currently, the agricultural population in Korea indicates a decreasing and aging orientation. As the population of farm labor continues to decline, so farmers are feeling the pressure to be stable crop production. To solve the problem caused by the decreasing of farm labor, it is necessary to change over to "Digital agriculture". Digital agriculture is tools that digitally collect, store, analyze, and share electronic data and/or information in agriculture, and aims to integrate the several digital technologies into crop and livestock management and other processes in agriculture fields. In addition, digital agriculture can offer the opportunity to increase crop production, save costs for farmer. Therefore, in this study, for data-based Digital Agriculture, a greenhouse environment monitoring system for crop growth monitoring based on Node-RED, which even beginners can use easily, was developed, and the implemented system was verified in a hydroponic greenhouse. Several sensors, such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, CO₂, solar radiation, were used to obtain the environmental data of the greenhouse. And the environmental data were processed and visualized using Node-RED and MariaDB installed in rule.box digital. The environment monitoring system proposed in this study was installed in a hydroponic greenhouse and obtained the environmental data for almost two weeks. As a result, it was confirmed that all environmental data were obtained without data loss from sensors. In addition, the dashboard provides the names of installed sensors, real time environmental data, and changes in the last three days for each environmental data. Therefore, it is considered that farmers will be able to easily monitor the greenhouse environment using the developed system in this study.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.63-72
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• 2022

The extinction crisis of local cities, caused by a population density increase phenomenon in capital regions, directly causes the increase of vacant houses in local cities. According to population and housing census, Gunsan-si has continuously shown increasing trend of vacant houses during 2015 to 2019. In particular, since Gunsan-si is the city which suffers from doughnut effect and industrial decline, problems regrading to vacant house seems to exacerbate. This study aims to provide a foundation of a system which can predict and deal with the building that has high risk of becoming vacant house through implementing a data driven vacant house prediction machine learning model. Methodologically, this study analyzes three types of machine learning model by differing the data components. First model is trained based on building register, individual declared land value, house price and socioeconomic data and second model is trained with the same data as first model but with additional POI(Point of Interest) data. Finally, third model is trained with same data as the second model but with excluding water usage and electricity usage data. As a result, second model shows the best performance based on F1-score. Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Machine, XGBoost and LightGBM which are tree ensemble series, show the best performance as a whole. Additionally, the complexity of the model can be reduced through eliminating independent variables that have correlation coefficient between the variables and vacant house status lower than the 0.1 based on absolute value. Finally, this study suggests XGBoost and LightGBM based machine learning model, which can handle missing values, as final vacant house prediction model.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1363-1370
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• 2023

Globally, the elderly population is increasing, making the primary concern of modern society the healthy aging and welfare and medical facilities for the elderly. However, many seniors experience cognitive decline due to aging, making cognitive activities crucial for them. In this context, a study has developed a cognitive activity support system for the elderly using the metaverse. To achieve this, the characteristics and needs of the elderly were analyzed to design an interface in the metaverse that they can easily use. Additionally, the type and difficulty of cognitive activities were adjusted to engage seniors in a captivating manner. Experimental results showed that the proposed system effectively enhances the cognitive abilities of the elderly. Thus, the personalized metaverse-based cognitive activity support system proposed in this study can be a valuable tool for improving the cognitive abilities of the elderly.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.451-456
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• 2024

This study aims to diagnose the military manpower shortage problem caused by the rapid decline in fertility and aging population in South Korea and explore countermeasures. To this end, it analyzes the trends of demographic changes and military manpower supply and demand forecasts in Korea, and evaluates major alternatives such as expanding female soldiers, introducing a voluntary recruitment system, and adopting advanced weapons. It also seeks to derive implications through case studies of military manpower policies in major countries such as the United States, Japan, and Germany. The results show that in order to secure sustainable manpower for the Korean military, it is necessary to increase the proportion of female soldiers, review the voluntary recruitment system from a long-term perspective, minimize the power gap due to troop reduction, strengthen incentives for skilled manpower, and draw social consensus on improving the military service system and defense reform. This study is expected to contribute to the establishment of future military manpower policies in Korea.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.332-342
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• 2024

Objective: With the proportion of the elderly population in Korea reaching 17.5% in 2022 and projected to increase to 20.6% by 2025, 30.1% by 2035, and 43% by 2050, the accelerated aging of the population is raising societal concerns about elderly care. Maintaining mobility is crucial for a healthy and independent old age. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: This study investigates the effects of dual-task performance on gait variables and cognitive function in older adults. This cross-sectional study involved 60 older adults aged 65 and above, categorized into a dementia group (Korean version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K) score ≤ 22) and a control group (MoCA-K score ≥ 23). Cognitive and gait functions were assessed using the GAITRite system (GAITRite system, CIR Systems Inc., USA), measuring gait variables (speed, stride length, etc.) before and after dual-task performance. The assessments were conducted under a single-blind condition, and data were analyzed using SPSS (ver. 25.0, SPSS Inc., USA). Results: The dementia group scored lower on cognitive assessments compared to the control group (p<0.05). In dual-task performance evaluations, the dementia group exhibited longer total task times and lower accuracy than the control group (p<0.001), while reaction times were longer but not statistically significant. GAITRite system analysis revealed that the dementia group had reduced gait speed and stride length compared to the control group (p<0.05). However, the difference in gait time was not statistically significant. The study results indicate that older adults with dementia show significant differences in cognitive function and gait performance, with notable impacts under dual-task conditions. Conclusions: These findings underscore the effect of cognitive decline on gait and provide valuable insights for predicting gait and cognitive function deterioration in dementia, which can aid in developing fall prevention strategies.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.359-365
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• 2005

Objectives : An abrupt economic decline may widen the socioeconomic differences in health between the advantaged and disadvantaged in a society. The aim of this study was to examine whether the South Korean economic crisis of 1997-98 affected the socioeconomic inequality from all-causes and from cause-specific mortality between 1995 and 2001. Methods : Population denominators were obtained from the registration population data, with the number of death (numerators) calculated from raw death certificate data. The indicator used to assess the geographic socioeconomic position was the per capita regional tax revenue. Administrative districts (Si-Gun-Gu) were ranked according to this socioeconomic measure, and divided into equal population size quintiles on the basis of this ranking. The sex- and 5-year age-specific numbers of the population and deaths were used to compute the sex- and age-adjusted mortality rates (via direct standardization method), standardized mortality ratios (via indirect standardization methods) and relative indices of inequality (RII) (via Poisson regression). Results : Geographic inequalities from all-causes of mortality, as measured by RII, did not increase as a result of the economic crisis (from 1998-2001). This was true for both sexes and all age groups. However, the cause-specific analyses showed that socioeconomic inequalities in mortalities from external causes were affected by South Korean economic crisis. For males, the RIIs for mortalities from transport accidents and intentional self-harm increased between 1995 and 2001. For females, the RII for mortality from intentional self-harm increased during the same period. Conclusions : The South Korean economic crisis widened the geographic inequality in mortalities from major external causes. This increased inequality requires social discourse and counter policies with respect to the rising health inequalities in the South Korean society.

• ALGAE
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2004

This study was performed to obtain basic information on the ecology of Zostcra marina and to promote efficient conservation of this species which has been decline in Gamak Bay, Yeosu, Korea. Whater column characteristics and eelgrass morphology at Anpori, Jangsuri and Wonpori were investigated every month from December 1999 to November 2000. The water temperature, salinity and pH at the three sites were 10.0-27.0${\circ}C$,29.4-34.7% and 8.1-8.5, respectively. The water temperature at Anpori tended to be slightly lower than that at the other locations; the salinity at Wonpori from July to November was a little lower than that of the other locations. The concentrations of $NO_2$-N, $NO_3$_N, $NH_4$-N, $PO_4$-P and $Si(OH)_4$-Si at the three sites were 0.9-1.3, 2.0-6.2, 7.8-9.0, 3.0-3.6 and 22.2-30.2 uM, respectively. The concentration of $NO_3$-N at Wonpori from June to November was somewhat lower than that at the other locations; that of NH4-N at Jansuri was somewhat lower than the others. The mean shoot height and leaf width of the Anpori, Jangsuri and Wonpori populations were 80.6 cm and 0.9 mm, 90.0 cm and 1.0 mm, and 95.3 cm and 1.0 mm, respectively. The mean total shoot weight of the Anpori, Jangsuri and Wonpori ones was 24.5,31.0 and 29.7 & respectively. The mean leaf and branch numbers of the Anpori, Jangsuri and Wonpori populations were 16.5 and 2.6, 16.1 and 2.4 and 15.4 and 2.6 individuals, respectively. The correlation coefficients between shoot height and water temperature, leaf width and total shoot weight, leaf number and branch number, and $Si(OH)_4$-Si and $NO_3$-N were 0.726, 0.692, 0.862, and 0.693, respectively. The coefficients between shoot height and $NO_3$-N, total shoot weight and NO_3$-N, water temperature and $Si(OH)_4$-Si, water temperature and salinity, and water temperature and $NO_3$-N were -0.716, -0.536, -0.775, -0.685 and -0.685, respectively. The first four principal components explain 71.1% of the total sample variance. For axis 1, shoot height and water temperature tended to correlate with the population of Jansuri, followed by the Wonpori population, and $Si(OH)_4$-Si and $NO_3$-N tended to correlated strongly with the Anpori population. For axis 2, total weight, leaf width, leaf number and branch number showed a tendency to correlate with the Anpori and Jangsuri populations. For axis 3, the Anpori population tended to be influenced by $NO_2$-N and $PO_4$-P. For axis 4, the Wonpori and Jangsuri populations tended to be affected by salinity. The tendency, however, differed according to season.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.83-94
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• 2020

Busan Metropolitan City, a research site of this study, was promoted to a metropolitan city in 1995 with the implementation of the local autonomy system, and the overall change was made as it absorbed the surrounding areas to address the shortage of population and space. Twenty-five years after the introduction of the local autonomy system, it is necessary to diagnose whether balanced development of the entire city is being made in accordance with the reorganization of the metropolitan city in terms of spatial structure. In this study, changes in spatial structure and regional characteristics were analyzed by applying population potential, which means potential for future spatial interaction, in time and space. According to the analysis, the development was taking place around the center area and the sub-center established by the urban master plan, but Gangseo-gu and Gijang-gun, which were incorporated in the past, remained stagnant. In addition, it was shown that the spatial expansion of the city was suppressed by the green belt surrounding the city. However, in other regions where the green belt is located, the city has been expanded, which is different from Gijang-gun or Gangseo-gu, which was incorporated into the metropolitan city. Therefore, the cause of the decline in incorporated areas should not be limited to the institutional dimension of land use regulation. Growth management and balanced development plans will be necessary for the development of declining old downtowns and underdeveloped incorporated areas.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.99-103
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• 2005

Actual vegetation map drown with the scale 1 to 100 and Alnus japonica population in Ja-neup and Woong-neup of the Mujechi moor were described in order to monitor long-termly and preserve permanently, where is a very rare Molinietea moor and a legally protected area. A total of 3036 plots of 5m $\times$ 5m were surveyed during summer 1996. Thiessen polygons of 1491 alder trees were derived from the plot data. Actual vegetation map was illustrated by 6 cover types such as needle spike-rush type, moor-grass type, alder-moor type, eulalia type, oak forest type, and exposed site. Molinia grasses native to the moor and Miscanthus grasses alien to the moor are reciprocally dominant. The area of Molinia grasslands was rapidly in decline and alder population size was dramatically in increase in the moor, particularly in Woong-neup. In Molinietea moor preservation more attention should be focused on the regulation of a nutrient rich soil from forest road and fire.