• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.129-141
• /
• 2001

The main purpose of this study is to examine the alienation of low-income female earners and to investigate the affected variables of their alienation. For this empirical analysis, the data was collected from 356 poor, female-earners whose first child was of school age in the Seoul metropolitan area from the 14th of Feb. to the 18th of Mar. 2000. The collected data was analyzed by statistical methods such as freqency, mean, oneway ANOVA, and multiple regression. The major findings were as follows : First, poor female-earners alienation level was not higher than the average level. However among sub areas of alienation, powerlessness was higher than the average level. Second, the significant variables that affected the level of alienation were the amount of support from the child the cost from the work role, perception of the cost of child raising, economic strain events, the level of education, and the reward from the work role.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.87-96
• /
• 1997

A pixel profile in the conventional DANTE sequence is so poor that the excited area by DANTE sequence is a small portion of a pixel. This causes poor signal to noise ratio in DANTE image. In this paper, a frequency modulated(FM) DANTE imaging sequence is proposed to improve pixel profile in DANTE image. A DANTE pulse train is shaped by an FM function so that all the spins within a pixel are excited, thereby improving the signal to noise ratio. It also shows that the pixel profiles are dependent on the sweep in FM signal. Computer simulations and experimental result obtained using a 7.0 T NMR imaging system are presented.

• International Journal of Contents
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.58-65
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the living reality of jjok-bang residents of Sipjeong-dong, Bupyeong-gu, Incheon, and find measures of community social work to support them. Based on the precedent research on jjok-bang's creation, characteristics, and lifestyle of its residents, this study presents the results of an interview survey addressed to 132 residents living in 216 Sipjeong1-dong, Bupyeong-gu, the largest jjok-bang area in Incheon. The research was conducted by ten members of the "Sunshine" Community Center of Sipjeong-dong with constructed questionnaire. Results indicated that 74.2% of the participants were female, and 56.1% aged over 60. Despite the poor living conditions, 77% of them hoped to reside in jjok-bang continually and the most urgent problems to be resolved were housing environment, economic problems such as unemployment and a shortage of welfare facilities. The study emphasizes jjok-bang as a place of home for the residents and advocating both individual and community efforts to ameliorate the local environment of jjok-bang.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.50.1-50.1
• /
• 2019

Ultra Metal-Poor (UMP; [Fe/H] < -4.0) stars are thought to be true second generation of stars. Thus, the chemistry and kinematics of these stars serve as powerful tools to understand the early evolution of the Milky Way (MW). However, only about 40 of these stars have been discovered thus far. To increase the number of these stars, we selected UMP candidates from low-resolution spectra (R ~ 2000) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fibre Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST), and performed high-resolution (R ~ 40,000) spectroscopic follow-ups with Gemini/GARACES. In this study, we present chemical and kinematic properties of the observed UMP candidates, and infer the nature of their progenitors to trace the chemical enrichment history of the MW.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.47-62
• /
• 2000

This study investigated the effect of soil animals at forest fire area, and it carried out the mountain located at Jundae Ri, Houeng-chen Myen, Ha-dong Gun, Kyoung-Nam Province, southern part of Korea, where burned out about 50 hectars on April 11, 1997. Vegetation of the examined area absolutely dominated with the pines of 7-14 cm in diameter and 20 to 30 years old and the rest were covered with mixed forest with a shrub such as the oak (Quereus mongolia Fisch, Quereus variabilis BI, Quereus dentana Thunb), snowbell(Styrax japonica, S, et, z), lacquer tree (Rhus trichocarpa Mig), azalea (Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz), etc. And there were simple area organized as a herbaceous plant, and the burnt area was poor experimental sites, where litter layer and herbaceous plant disappeard due to fire, and the unburnt area was rich in surface plant, dead leaves, twigs, etc. But the ground cover vegetations were poor in the unburnt area. The distribution of each animal groups, the seasonal fluctuation in population density, the biomass of meso$.$macroarthropods and the relationship between soil animal and some environmental factors were investigated and analyzed at each experimental area. The result are summarized as follow: 1. Identificated 257,087 individuals of soil microarthropods were classified into 7 classes and 24 orders of Arachinida, Insecta, Chilopoda, Symphyla, Diplopoda, Isopoda and Oligochaeta., and identified 8,006 individuals of the total meso$.$macroarthropods were classified into 7 classes and 20 orders of Arachinida, Insecta, Chilopoda, Symphyla, Diplopoda, Isopoda and Oligochaeta. 2. Among the total soil microarthropods, Arachinida formed 70.9%, followed by Insecta for 28.4% and among the total meso$.$macroarthropod , Insecta formed 57.6%, followed by Chilopoda for 23.8%.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 2017

Korea is facing various social problems including single elderly household, increase in the number of disabled people and poverty rate and a difference in the proportion of males to females between urban areas and rural areas along with the advent of rapid aging society. Especially, the ratio of poor households in rural areas residing in housing which falls below the minimum housing level and most of them are in the dead zone of housing welfare. In addition, if it is impossible for them to move (relocate) to new housing, the house remodeling is the only measure for improving their housing welfare. However, we don't have enough prior relevant academic and practical experience, and house remodeling requires a series of process including prior planning construction and post-occupancy evaluation, but almost no fundamental research that provides relevant insight has been carried out. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe all field situations that occur in the whole customized house remodeling process for disabled female senior citizens living alone in a rural area. The remodeling process was classified into initial planning stage, field verification and adjustment stage and construction stage as the method to participate in the field directly, and any change in the remodeling plan and its causes at each stage were analyzed. As a result, some remodeling items were changed from the main viewpoint of participating parties before the beginning of construction and for reasons such as the deterioration level of housing site, limitation in building equipment and rearrangement of housing, etc., and the remodeling method and its details were developed. It was identified that constant change that occurred in the remodeling process resulted from 1) unique poor characteristics of existing housing and 2) physical condition of residents and their unique lifestyle characteristics that were two aspects required to be emphasized by customized remodeling.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.197-206
• /
• 2015

Ghetto was originated from the concept of "Jewish Camp", the segregated Jewish residential area, and recently it refers to the black neighborhoods of the poor living conditions or slum. A region to form a unique culture distinguished from the adjacent area is also called as ghetto. The culture born in that region is called "ghetto culture", and from the cultural aspect it can mean a type of haven that allows the freedom and deviation of their own. In this study, the generating background and the characteristics of ghetto style especially to adolescents were examined, and celebrities' unique fashion styles that lead the public in the fashion diffusion process were analyzed. Through this, Ghetto culture was understood and the effects of the mass culture phenomena on fashion, symbolization, and an aesthetic value were examined. With this, it aims to help understand the effect of special local culture like "ghetto" on modern fashion and expand the design area. As a result of this study, the characteristics of ghetto style were as followings; 1. It is based on hiphop style; 2. The name brands are exposed conspicuously; 3. Caught eyes by unusually excessive decorations; 4. It expresses confidence and toughness through fashion beyond the resistance to the target who suppresses and humiliates themselves; 5. Ghetto culture is rapidly spread through media. To conclude, ghetto style is an expression of hope of the poor that they can gain wealth through impressing the public and drawing empathy just by their talent. Furthermore, ghetto style is an important cultural trend that has appeared as their wannabe and a powerful display method to express success.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to empirically analyze the effects of physical environment change on the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) project implemented in Gamcheon 2 Dong on the fear of crime, neighborhood satisfaction, and neighborhood attachment in the poor. In this study, the data collected through field surveys and questionnaires were analyzed using a structural equation model, specifically the SPSS AMOS 25 program. From the results of the analysis, it was found that the neighborhood satisfaction was enhanced by the improvement in the walking environment and the reduction in the neighborhood disorder level of the target area through the installation of major CPTED facilities. The results of the statistical analysis show that the reduction in the neighborhood disorder due to the CPTED project enhanced the neighborhood satisfaction and the level of neighborhood attachment in the local residents. In addition, the changes in the walking environment caused by the CPTED project had a positive effect on the neighborhood satisfaction, and as the degree of neighborhood disorder decreased, the neighborhood satisfaction increased and the local people's attachment level increased.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.1-20
• /
• 2022

Objective The Constitutional Seong-Jeong therapy is one of the important ways to prevent Sasang constitutional symptomatology. But, there are various interpretations and unclear aspects of the content and meaning, so there are many difficulties in applying it concretely in actual clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to clarify the physiology, pathology, treatment mechanism and its specific meaning. Method The pathology associated with constitutional symptomatology is known as Deepening-Seong and Exploding-Jeong. Therefore, related pathologies and corresponding treatment and prevention mechanisms were reviewed, focusing on the related contents of Donguisusebowon, and their specific meanings were considered. Results and Conclusions 1. Constitutional Seong-Jeong therapy is a regimen to prevent and manage Deepening-Seong and Exploding-Jeong. 2. Deepening-Seong and Exploding-Jeong are the inappropriate occurrences of Seong and Jeong in the poor area of the Heavenly-frame recognition and in the vulnerable area of Humanly-activity practice, and the antecedent cause is covetous desire. 3. Deepening-Seong and Exploding-Jeong cause the weakening in the power of ears-eyes-nose-mouth to perceive Heavenly frame and the power of lung-spleen-liver-kidney to practice Humanly activity in the four constitution's weak system, which lead to the Interruption in processing of four Qi in each weak system. 4. The four constitutions must be careful about the occurrence of covetous desire in the process of recognizing Heavenly frame and doing Humanly activity so that intellectual and behavioral abilities can be exerted to overcome the poor area of the recognition of Heavenly frame and the formation of Humanly activity to prevent deepening-Seong and exploding-Jeong from occurring.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.676-683
• /
• 1995

This nutritional survey was conducted from January to March 1994, in order to investigate the nutirtional knowledge, food habits, nutritional attitude, food preferences and nutrient intakes of housewives living in urban area and rural area. The subjects of this survey were 164 urban housewives living in Daegu and Pohang area and 170 rural housewives living in Andong area. The results obtained are summarized as follows ; The subjects had a high level of perceived knowledge(81.2%), that is the knowledge that each subject believed she had, but the accuracy of the knowledge was only 66.3%. Most of the urban housewives belong to "Fair" or "Good" food habit group, while rural housewives belonged to "Fair" or "Poor" food habit group. The correlation between nutritional knowledge score and food habit score was low. And the correlation between nutritional attitude score and food habit score was low, too. Food perferences for kimchi, cooked rice, potato, milk were high in both group. Most of the nutrient intakes of the urban and rural housewives were not significantly different each otehr at p<0.05.ficantly different each otehr at p<0.05.