• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.312-320
• /
• 2020

3D scanning began in the field of manufacturing. In the construction field, a BIM (Building Information Modeling)-based 3D modeling environment was developed and used for the overall construction, such as factory prefabrication, structure construction inspection, plant facility, bridge, tunnel structure inspection using 3D scanning technology. LiDARs have higher accuracy and density than mobile scanners but require longer registration times and data processing. On the other hand, in interior building space management, relatively high accuracy is not needed, and the user can conveniently move with a mobile scan system. This study derives considerations for the development of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM)-based Scan Backpack systems that move freely and support real-time point cloud registration. This paper proposes the mobile scan system, framework, and component structure to derive the considerations and improve scan productivity. Prototype development was carried out in two stages, SLAM and ScanBackpack, to derive the considerations and analyze the results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.383-390
• /
• 2020

Car-mounted MMS (Mobile Mapping System) is the most effective tool for mapping of high definition road maps(HD Map). The MMS is composed of various sensor combinations, and the manufacturing methods and processing software are different for each manufacturer, performance cannot be predicted only by the specifications of the parts. Therefore, it is necessary to judge whether each equipment is suitable for mapping through performance evaluation, and facilities for periodic performance evaluation. In this paper, we explained the MMS performance evaluation facilities built at the SOC Evaluation Research Center of Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology and analyzed the conditions that the evaluation facilities should have through a literature survey and field tests.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.17 no.12
• /
• pp.219-228
• /
• 2019

Thanks to the development of information technology and the vitalization of smart services, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, in which various smart devices are connected to the network, has been continuously developed. In the legacy IoT architecture, data processing has been centralized based on cloud computing, but there are concerns about a single point of failure, end-to-end transmission delay, and security. To solve these problems, it is necessary to apply decentralized blockchain technology to the IoT. However, it is hard for the IoT devices with limited computing power to mine blocks, which consumes a great amount of computing resources. To overcome this difficulty, this paper proposes an IoT architecture based on the edge computing technology that can apply blockchain technology to IoT devices, which lack computing resources. This paper also presents an operaional procedure of blockchain in the edge computing-based IoT architecture.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.9
• /
• pp.525-531
• /
• 2019

Efforts to utilize human gestures to effectively implement a more natural and interactive interface between humans and computers have been ongoing in recent years. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm that accepts consecutive three-dimensional (3D) depth images, defines a hand model, and robustly extracts the human hand region based on six palm joints and 15 finger joints. Then, the 3D depth images are adaptively binarized to exclude non-interest areas, such as the background, and accurately extracts only the hand of the person, which is the area of interest. Experimental results show that the presented algorithm detects only the human hand region 2.4% more accurately than the existing method. The hand region extraction algorithm proposed in this paper is expected to be useful in various practical applications related to computer vision and image processing, such as gesture recognition, virtual reality implementation, 3D motion games, and sign recognition.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.8
• /
• pp.985-992
• /
• 2020

Edge computing is a technology that can prepare for a new era of cloud computing. Edge computing is not a remote data center where data is processed and computed, but low-latency/high-speed computing is realized by adding computing power and data processing power to the edge side close to an access point such as a terminal device or a gateway. It is possible. The types of edge computing include mobile edge computing, fog computing, and cloudlet computing. In this article, we describes existing open source platforms for implementing edge computing nodes. By presenting and comparing the structure, features of open source edge platforms, it is possible to acquire knowledge required to select the best edge platform for industrial engineers who want to build an edge node using an actual open source edge computing platform.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.28 no.8
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 2023

Colmap is one of the innovative artificial intelligence technologies, highly effective as a tool in 3D reconstruction tasks. Moreover, it excels at constructing intricate 3D models by utilizing images and corresponding metadata. Colmap generates 3D models by merging 2D images, camera position data, depth information, and so on. Through this, it achieves detailed and precise 3D reconstructions, inclusive of objects from the real world. Additionally, Colmap provides rapid processing by leveraging GPUs, allowing for efficient operation even within large data sets. In this paper, we have presented a method of collecting 2D images of traditional Korean towers and reconstructing them into 3D models using Colmap. This study applied this technology in the restoration process of traditional stone towers in South Korea. As a result, we confirmed the potential applicability of Colmap in the field of cultural heritage restoration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.39 no.6
• /
• pp.587-598
• /
• 2021

This study aims to develop a multi-camera based MMS (Mobile Mapping System) technology for building a HD (High Definition) map for autonomous driving and for quick update. To replace expensive lidar sensors and reduce long processing times, we intend to develop a low-cost and efficient MMS by applying multiple cameras and real-time data pre-processing. To this end, multi-camera storage technology development, multi-camera time synchronization technology development, and MMS prototype development were performed. We developed a storage module for real-time JPG compression of high-speed images acquired from multiple cameras, and developed an event signal and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) time server-based synchronization method to record the exposure time multiple images taken in real time. And based on the requirements of each sector, MMS was designed and prototypes were produced. Finally, to verify the performance of the manufactured multi-camera-based MMS, data were acquired from an actual 1,000 km road and quantitative evaluation was performed. As a result of the evaluation, the time synchronization performance was less than 1/1000 second, and the position accuracy of the point cloud obtained through SFM (Structure from Motion) image processing was around 5 cm. Through the evaluation results, it was found that the multi-camera based MMS technology developed in this study showed the performance that satisfies the criteria for building a HD map.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
• /
• v.14D no.1 s.111
• /
• pp.121-130
• /
• 2007

in a software development, the design or architecture prior to implementing the software is essential for the success. This paper presents a case that we successfully designed a software architecture of radiation monitoring system (RMS) for HANARO research reactor currently operating in KAERI by applying the quality attribute-driven design method which is modified from the attribute-driven design (ADD) introduced by Bass[1]. The quality attribute-driven design method consists of following procedures: eliciting functionality and quality requirements of system as architecture drivers, selecting tactics to satisfy the drivers, determining architectures based on the tactics, and implementing and validating the architectures. The availability, maintainability, and interchangeability were elicited as duality requirements, hot-standby dual servers and weak-coupled modulization were selected as tactics, and client-server structure and object-oriented data processing structure were determined at architectures for the RMS. The architecture was implemented using Adroit which is a commercial off-the-shelf software tool and was validated based on performing the function-oriented testing. We found that the design method in this paper is an efficient method for a project which has constraints such as low budget and short period of development time. The architecture will be reused for the development of other RMS in KAERI. Further works are necessary to quantitatively evaluate the architecture.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.177-186
• /
• 2021

For disaster management and mitigation of earthquakes in Korea Peninsula, active fault investigation has been conducted for the past 5 years. In particular, investigation of sediment-covered active faults integrates geomorphological analysis on airborne LiDAR data, surface geological survey, and geophysical exploration, and unearths subsurface active faults by trench survey. However, the fault traces revealed by trench surveys are only available for investigation during a limited time and restored to the previous condition. Thus, the geological data describing the fault trench sites remain as the qualitative data in terms of research articles and reports. To extend the limitations due to temporal nature of geological studies, we utilized a terrestrial LiDAR to produce 3D point clouds for the fault trench sites and restored them in a digital space. The terrestrial LiDAR scanning was conducted at two trench sites located near the Yangsan Fault and acquired amplitude and reflectance from the surveyed area as well as color information by combining photogrammetry with the LiDAR system. The scanned data were merged to form the 3D point clouds having the average geometric error of 0.003 m, which exhibited the sufficient accuracy to restore the details of the surveyed trench sites. However, we found more post-processing on the scanned data would be necessary because the amplitudes and reflectances of the point clouds varied depending on the scan positions and the colors of the trench surfaces were captured differently depending on the light exposures available at the time. Such point clouds are pretty large in size and visualized through a limited set of softwares, which limits data sharing among researchers. As an alternative, we suggested Potree, an open-source web-based platform, to visualize the point clouds of the trench sites. In this study, as a result, we identified that terrestrial LiDAR data can be practical to increase reproducibility of geological field studies and easily accessible by researchers and students in Earth Sciences.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 2011

Recently, the demand for enterprise for service map providing and portal site services of a 3D virtual city model for public users has been expanding. Also, accuracy of the data, transfer rate and the update for the update for the lapse of time emerge are considered as more impertant factors, by providing 3D information with the web or mobile devices. With the latest technology, we have seen various 3D data through the web. With the VRML progressing actively, because it can provide a virtual display of the world and all aspects of interaction with web. It offers installation of simple plug-in without extra cost on the web. LiDAR system can obtain spatial data easily and accurately, as supprted by numerous researches and applications. However, in general, LiDAR data is obtained in the form of an irregular point cloud. So, in case of using data without converting, high processor is needed for presenting 2D forms from point data composed of 3D data and the data increase. This study expresses urban LiDAR data in 3D, 2D raster data that was applied by compressing algorithm that was used for solving the problems of large storage space and processing. For expressing 3D, algorithm that converts compressed LiDAR data into code Suited to VRML was made. Finally, urban area was expressed in 3D with expressing ground and feature separately.