• 대한교통학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2015

본 연구는 Toll Plaza에서 본선미터링 시행으로 인해 야기되는 대기행렬로 인한 평균통행시간 증가와 요금소 서비스 용량 저하를 완화하기 위해 차로간 대기행렬의 균형을 추가적으로 고려한 제어전략을 제시하고 효과를 분석한다. 본 연구에서 제시된 전략은 합류부에 존재하는 차량 수의 최적화와 차로별 대기행렬 제어를 동시에 고려하며, 전략의 효과를 분석하기 위해 PARAMICS를 이용한 시뮬레이션 분석을 수행하였다. 미시행시 및 기존연구의 전략과 비교한 결과, toll plaza 구간에서 평균통행시간 감소에 효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었으며, spillback 발생비율을 감소시킴으로써 요금소 서비스 용량도 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 대기공간의 길이가 짧을수록 혼잡이 심해지는데, 본 연구의 알고리즘을 통해 이를 해소할 수 있음을 보였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2004

A few years ago, many people proposed that a plaza be added to Seoul City Hall. The proposal, however, did not materialize because of traffic confusion. The June 2002 World Cup cheering in front of Seoul City Hall has prodded the public to reconsider the plaza. Even though the exercise failed to gain support, many democratic procedures, opening a Web page and design competitions, and so on were attempted while the design and management of Seoul City Hall Plaza was being deliberated. In the future, the need for proper communication and democratic procedures in the process of making decisions regarding public spaces is expected to increase because of the strengthening of the requirement of participatory and deliberative democracy. An examination of the nature and extent of the communication that has been carried out in relation to the plan to add a plaza to Seoul City Hall will be very helpful in gathering feedback to guide decision-making in regards to the use of other public spaces. Thus, this study has a three-fold purpose. : (1) to examine the theories that may justify the need for public input in relation to decisions made regarding the use of public spaces, and to propose the criteria to be used for the methods of communication (2) to examine the contents and conflicts of communication in relation to the decision made regarding the design and management of Seoul City Hall Plaza and (3) to examine the potential distortion of that communication by analyzing the communication according to the criteria previously proposed. The study method that is used herein is the analysis of articles about the subject matter, which have been posted on the Seoul City Hall Plaza Website and which have been published in newspapers such as the Chosun ilbo, Donga ilbo, the Jungang ilbo, and the Hankyoreh. Diverse article contents are also discussed. As result, there are many differences in the contents and viewpoints of the newspapers that are included in this study. In addition, the related Internet bulletin board has not been used actively, but has contributed to forming public opinion on this issue. Finally, the public demanded to be given acceptable reasons for the results of the design competition, and for the decision to make the grass plaza, which ignores the chosen design in the newspapers or on the Web page. However, their demand was rejected. The communication therefore became distorted and consequently did not become successful in bringing about its intended result.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2007

This paper presents a landscape design for the meeting plaza around the "Myeonmok" subway station. The site is located at 120-1 Myeonmok 1-dong, Jnngrang-gu, Seoul, and its area is approximately $2,664.7m^2$. The goal of the design was to make an environmentally friendly meeting and rest place which was related to the subway station. To achieve this goal, concepts of history, tradition, sense of place, community, environmental friendliness, and function were developed. For history, stone sculpture and art tiles symbolizing the paleolithic area were introduced because the site is located near an archaeological site of paleolithic min. For tradition, considering that the site is a 'sailing ship' form in terms of Pungsu theory, a sculpture symbolizing a sailing ship and paving patterns symbolizing waves were introduced. For asense of place, a grass hill, a waterfall and a pond symbolizing an old meadow for horse pasture was introduced. In addition, a multi-purpose round plaza as a meeting place for local community and subway users was proposed. A zelkova grove symbolizing a village forest was proposed for a restand relaxation area. All areas were designed to be environmentally friendly and barrier-free. Concepts for a defensible space wereadapted for safety because the site was a crime-prone area.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.91-105
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• 2004

Recently the function of a department store has changed to the concept of a multi-functional center because of the alternative stores such as discount stores, home shopping, and internet shopping. This means that the front plaza of a department store is not a personal or private space any more, but a public space. This study focuses on the special character of public space through the classification and preference types of department store front plazas. The major results of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) Components of front plaza of department store are classified by three factors. The first factor, named "space limit", has 14 elements ; the second, named "space decoration" has 16 elements ; third, named "activity", has 2 elements. The first preferred element is easily- used and easily- serviced wide space. The second preferred element is the equipment that is placed linearly along the street. The third preferred element is cultural events. (2) The comparison between the frequency and preference shows that the plazas could not satisfy the user-needs. (3) Preference factors of front plazas were examined to three characters such as familiarity, peculiarity, and openness. Familiarity, peculiarity, openness have a positive correlation in all types. Peculiarity especially influences the other two space - preference factors.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2021

This study examines the spatial structure of Jeju-eupseong (Town-castle) in the Joseon Dynasty. The spatial structure of Jeju-eupseong has distinctive features and regional characteristics that are substantially different from typical eupseong in inland regions. This is mainly attributed to the geographical characteristics of the island and the administrative system with strengthened military functions. Jeju-eupseong displays a distinctive layout of major buildings and road system with a plaza located in its center in comparison with the ones found in inland regions. Gwandeokjeong Plaza in Jeju-eupseong served as the center of Jeju's politics, administration, and culture during the Joseon Dynasty, and it, in the modernization period, has become an open public space in the heart of Old Downtown used for community gatherings. Therefore, this study aims to explore the historical background and distinctive spatial structure of Jeju-eupseong in comparison with eupseong in other parts of Korea. Moreover, the study examines the characteristics of Gwandeokjeong as a plaza that has not been dealt with in other studies of eupseong.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.24-41
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• 2013

본 연구는 2009년에 개장한 광화문광장이 조성이 되기까지의 과정 및 설계 아이디어 도출에 대한 제 전반의 사항들을 다룬다. 광화문광장 조성은 일제에 의해 왜곡되었던 조선왕조 국가상징축을 복원시키려는 시도라는 점에서 큰 의의가 있다. 광화문광장 조성은 여러 단계를 거쳐 진행되었으며, 크게 세 단계로 나눌 수 있다. 첫째, 광화문광장 조성 논의 단계로 세종로를 광장으로 만들기로 확정짓기 전까지 논의 단계이다. 광화문광장사업이 2007년에 현실화되기 전까지 세종로를 광장화 하고자 했던 여러 시도와 함께 행정 주체가 광화문광장 사업을 조성하기로 확정짓고 설계공모에 들어가기 전에 주요 결정사안들을 시민과 전문가들의 의견을 수렴하여 결정해 나갔던 단계라고 볼 수 있다. 두 번째 단계는 광화문광장 기본구상 및 설계 단계로 최종 설계안은 아이디어 현상설계와 턴키 설계 공모 두 단계를 거쳐 확정되었다. 최종 설계안은 국가상징도로로서의 세종로 축과 육조거리를 복원하는 등 역사적 맥락을 회복하는데 주안점을 두었으며, 역사복원 존(zone), "조망 및 역사재현 존(zone)", "문화 존(zone)", "도시 존(zone)"으로 주제를 설정하여 구성하였다. 광장 조성은 역사성의 재현, 조망권 확보, 일상 문화공간 창조에 주안점을 두었으며, 아이디어 현상공모 단계에서 턴키 기본설계 단계에서 시공에 이르기까지 '기억과 전망의 장소'라는 기본 개념은 유지되었다. 더불어 광장 고유의 비움 및 유동성의 특성을 반영코자 하였다. 세 번째 단계는 시공 및 조성 단계로 광화문광장이 실제로 만들어지는 단계이다. 이 단계를 거치며 몇 가지 요인으로 인해 광화문광장은 최종설계안과 일부 다른 모습으로 완공되었다. 본 연구에서는 광화문광장 조성 논의 단계부터 완공하기까지 이러한 일련의 과정들을 살펴보고, 그동안 표면적으로 드러나지 않았던 당초 설계안, 설계안이 변경될 수밖에 없었던 여러 요인과 이유, 완공 이후의 광화문 광장의 공공성에 대한 논의까지를 모두 종합적으로 다루고자 한다. 더불어 이를 통해 도시 공공 공간 조성에 있어 합리적인 방안을 도출해 갈 수 있을지에 대한 고민해 보고, 추후 유사 프로젝트에 참고자료가 될 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.291-299
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• 2011

As our lifestyles have changed due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, new social and communication problems have been caused and there have been lots of discussion on regional communication. For communities to become alternatives with realistic meanings in this changed society, considerations on social and spatial conditions are needed. Therefore, public space which works as a device of physical environment for activation of communities needs more active changes which encourages social communication. In respect to the activation of communities, the following suggestions are given: First, physical devices of a urban plaza should be arranged to support various programs presented along with consideration of human behaviors as users. Second, fundamental facilities of the plaza should accommodate various activities through connections with programs and commercial space. Third, when cultural and historical characteristics of the community are understood, the plaza can form regionality and symbolism through artistic representation. And users can form the identity of community. Fourth, transportation facilities should be separated from or coexist with areas of passengers and the plaza should have its own identity through symbolic sculptures.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2013

PURPOSES: This study is to investigate a generated traffic noise when vehicle pass over a transverse rumble strip at toll plaza of highway. METHODS: To investigate traffic noise at toll plaza of highway, Pass-by method which is the most common used for measuring traffic noise was adopted and the traffic noise at toll plaza was measured for 10 min per hour for 11hours(13:00~24:00). RESULTS: The measured traffic noise by pass-by method was changed as function of the transverse rumble strip configuration. Generally, the maximum difference among three noise measurement sections was 7 dB(A). It might be related with traffic speed. Also, the measured traffic noise was strongly generated from a passenger car which was 2 axle. It means that the most of traffic noise on the road is generated at tire/pavement interface of the passenger car. CONCLUSIONS: The traffic noise was strongly related with vehicle speed and transverse rumble strip configuration on the road. For driver safety, the transverse rumble strip is definitely necessary. However, the complaints from residents near highway was increased by traffic noise from transverse rumble strip. Therefore, To satisfy both safety and reduction of traffic noise, the development of configuration of transverse rumble strip is necessary in the further study.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.401-422
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• 2005

We review here research and development progress achieved in US Plasma Chamber technology roughly over the last decade. In particular, we focus on two major programs carried out in the US: the APEX project (1998-2003) and the US ITER TBM activities (2003-present). The APEX project grew out of the US fusion program emphasis in the late 1990s on more fundamental science and innovation. APEX was commissioned to investigate novel technology concepts for achieving high power density and high temperature reactor coolants. In particular, the idea of liquid walls and the related research is described here, with some detailed examples of liquid metal and molten salt magnetohydrodynamic and free surface effects on flow control and heat transfer. The ongoing US ITER Test Blanket Module (TBM) program is also described, where the current first wall/blanket concepts being considered are the dual coolant lead lithium concept and the solid breeder helium cooled concepts, both using ferritic steel structures. The research described for these concepts includes both thermofluid MHD issues for the liquid metal coolant in the DCLL, and thermomechanical issues for ceramic breeder packed pebble beds in the solid breeder concept. Finally, future directions for ongoing research in these areas are described.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.100-110
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• 2005

The Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.(KOSEP) held a design competition for Energy Theme Park at Yeong-Heung power plant in October, 2004. The site is located in 980-1 Oe-ri, Yeong-Heung myun, OngJin gun, Incheon City and has an area of $54,450m^2$. Design objectives of KOSEP were to make environmentally sustainable space, to build a symbolic and gathering place for community members and visitors, to make a tourist spot of Yeong-Heung Island linked with adjacent sight spots in OngJin gun, and to elevate an identity and status of the KOSEP by creating a landscape correspondent to the concept of the building design. The spatial concept of this project was developed by expressing a circular course of energy, named 'energy circle' and accounting for principles of energy generation. By interpreting 'energy circle' and principles of energy generation, and applying it to the site, the design met the various desires of the KOSEP. This design consists of seven theme spaces; the future energy plaza, the wind plaza, the light plaza, the thermal power plaza, a water strider dam, a ecological pond and the stratum plaza. These theme spaces are consecutively placed along the circular path which surrounds the public information building and to represent how power plants generate energy in each space and diverse design techniques and special effects are used.