• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.242-256
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to describe and understand the characteristics of morphological, contextual as relational aggression among 4-year old children during free play periods. The ethnographic methods included participants observation of children's play interaction behaviors, field notes, video taping and analysis of transcribed date. The results are as exclusion occurred by group power taking the relational attribute, including direct language, while the other would not be revealed easily other than being in line with real relation. Also as follows; proactive relational aggression was more frequently observed in girls, and their major strategies employed against someone they disliked were ignoring them, distorting play-rules, and so on. Major strategies of reactive relational aggression in girls were largely manipulative in nature, for example, 'threatrning their friend' and 'withdrawal of friendship'.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.147-151
• /
• 2001

In discrete red and black, you can stake any amount s in your possession, but the value of s takes positive integer value. Suppose your goal is N and your current fortune is f, with 0$\frac{1}{2}$ where the house has the advantage over the player, and with the value of p greater than $\frac{1}{2}$ where the player has the advantage over the house. The optimum strategy at any f when p<$\frac{1}{2}$ is to play boldly, which is to bet as much as you can. The optimum strategy when p>$\frac{1}{2}$ is to bet 1 all the time.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.419-432
• /
• 2015

This study analyzed the moderating role of the suitability factors of corporate strategies and information system strategies targeting small and medium sized transportation companies in Korea. The analytical result has found that the suitable factors of corporate strategies and information system strategies play the moderating role in the ERP introduction factors and internal performance. In other words, the suitability factors of corporate strategies and information system strategies were analyzed to play the moderating role in support of CEOs, education/training, users' IT capabilities, standardization/formulation of business, infrastructure of information technologies, and internal performance. The result of this study based on the above analytical results has found that introduction performance will be maximized when ERP packages are introduced in the small and medium-sized transportation companies and corporate strategies properly harmonize with the introduction strategies of ERP packages in the companies.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.29-47
• /
• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand the teacher's role as play supporter in a carry out play generated curriculum and develop and implement an action plan in order to indoor free play. Methods: Participants were 14 kindergartners (9 boys, 5 girls) and one teacher. Processes of planning-implementation and observation- reflection were repeated in a cyclical procedure and the 3rd action plan was conducted based on strategies to support children's play. Results: Children experienced the following: Continuing and immersive play, play filled with experiments and challenges, play to make together, attitude to enjoy novelty and respect differences, and play of trial and error. And the researcher changed the following: Be sensitive to the child's words and actions, finding the 'real interest' of children in 'waiting', acquiring the perception that 'children are the masters of play', seeing the value of learning in children's expressive play, and gain confidence in play support. Conclusion/Implications: This study suggested the need for teacher to have patience and demonstrate reflective thinking in order to support children's play.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 2004

Objective : This study is to know about the play awareness of occupational therapists with using the sensory integration approach, and is to suggest educational strategies of play as occupation and research. Methods : 124 occupational therapists completed the questionnaires including the general use of play in occupational practice and the use of play assessments with preschoolers, and factors influence on the use of play in occupational therapy for children. Results : Respondents used the play as therapy modality and performed much with based on sensory integration and development approach in individual occupational therapy room with variable play tools. It was restricted to use as objective assessment tools and methods, and had important factors that influence on the use of play in occupational therapy for children; role of occupational therapy in work setting, personal frame of reference and availability of play assessments. Conclusion : The results suggest a need for increasing the emphasis on play in entry-level curricula and continuing education, improving clinician access to valid and reliable play assessments, and completing studies designed to examine the use and efficacy of play in sensory integration therapy intervention.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.197-210
• /
• 2000

This integrative review of research on the role of toys in the pretend play of young children investigated claims about the relative effects of abstract or unrealistic compared with concrete or realistic toys. Researchers and educators acknowledge the benefits of pretend play as an expression of the child's capacity of symbolic functioning and they attend to strategies for promoting pretend play at each stage of its development, including the selection and presentation of playthings. Highly structured or realistic toys were once thought to impede pretend play because they can only be used for a single intended purpose whereas less structured toys are pliant and hold the child's interest over longer periods of time as new ideas are tried out. However, the present review suggests that realistic toys are effective for very young children who still have limited representational capacity, and that realistic toys continue to give impetus to make-believe even for kindergarten children.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.203-224
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is to justify the effects of role play with respect to speaking and listening functions and to provide the strategic methodology for improving English communicative competence of fifth grade primary school students. We can expand role play as a strategic teaching method to develop English learning models, so that English can be more easily acquired to the students who are in the critical language acquisition period. Strategic role play reflects the events and experiences of many kinds of people in everyday life. It is suggested that one of the best methods to improve English communicative competence in the primary classroom is through role play. Students can develop meaning for language patterns by portraying situations in which these instances in language would be used. This study proposes to facilitate English communicative ability using various student-centered role play strategies. It is concluded that the student-centered activities using strategic role play help the students to improve their English communicative competence. This is done by deriving their own creative dialogues and presenting the role play with their interests in learning English and with subsequently positive learning effects.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.165-190
• /
• 2011

This research investigates listening strategies and the relationship between the employment of strategy and listening proficiency of Korean EFL middle school students. One hundred and four middle school students (N = 104) participated in this study and their strategy use was assessed through a questionnaire adapted from Oxford's (1990) SILL and O'Malley and Chamot (1990). To measure listening proficiency, the English Listening Ability Test designed by 15 city and provincial offices of education in Korea was used. The results show that students employed a moderate use of strategies; compensation strategies were used most frequently and metacognitive strategies were used the least frequently. Significant differences were found in the use of implicit strategy among different listening proficiency groups, but not in their use of behavioral strategy. Furthermore, there were significant differences in the use of implicit memory, cognitive and compensation strategies among groups of students with different listening proficiencies, but not in their use of metacognitive strategy. The results from multiple regression analysis indicate that implicit strategy use could play an important role in listening comprehension. The findings suggest the need for additional research to explore the effect of listening strategy training for English language learners.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.265-276
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyze the types of children's strategic thinking in the board games. Subject were 98 5-7-year-old children were participated in this study. Children divided by age were provided the same board game. Strategies used by the children to play the game were classified by age. The observational results were as follow; 1)Children used 9 strategies. Comparing to Kamii's study, children utilized 2 more strategic thinking. 2)Children used different game strategies based on children's age. Results showed that game strategies differentiated by child's age: five-year-olds used fewer strategies and older children applied a wider range of strategies.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2021

Purpose of the research: This study aims to explain the state of marketing using fun among recent popular marketing strategies. Although companies are using various differentiated marketing strategies to gain a competitive edge, among them, fun marketing has constituted the most effective area of interest recently. Research design and methodology: To extract the customer selection attributes of fun marketing, after reviewing the literature, six optional attributes were selected from the factors of fun marketing towards consumers such as funny design, language play, celebrity use, funny taste, how to eat, and newtro (new + retro). Out of 300 questionnaires, 276 were used for analysis, excluding unscrupulous or incomplete questionnaires. The results were reviewed for validity and reliability using SPSS andAMOS, and the hypothesis was verified using structural equation modelling (SEM). Principal results: The results showed that funny design, language play, and newtro statistically significantly affected customer satisfaction, but celebrity use, funny taste, and eating methods had no significant effect. It was also confirmed that satisfaction had a statistically significant effect on repurchase intention. Major conclusions: This study can serve as basic data to enhance the marketing strategy of the food service industry, and it provides theoretical and practical implications.