• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2002.03a
• /
• pp.203-210
• /
• 2002

The past bridge design specifications of Korea didn't include 1imitation on the amount of lap splices in the plastic hinge zone of piers, and so do current specifications. But these specifications include just limitation on the minimal length of lap splices. Thus, a large majority of non-seismically designed bridge piers may have lap splices in plastic hinge zone. In this study, model pier was selected among existent bridge piers whose failure mode is complex shear-flexure mode. Full scaled RC pier models whose aspect ratio is about 2.67 were constructed and quasi static test according to the drift level history was implemented. From the test results, effect of the lap splices on the seismic performance of bridges piers was analyzed, and the seismic capacity of the model bridges was evaluated by capacity spectrum method.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2001.05a
• /
• pp.877-882
• /
• 2001

Lap splice in plastic hinge region of RC bridge piers is inevitable because of the constructional joint between footing and column. RC circular columns with lap-splice in plastic hinge region are widely used in Korean highway bridges. It is, however, believed that there are not many experimental research works for nonlinear behavior of these columns subjected to earthquake motions. This study has been performed to verify the effect of axial force, lap splice and confinement steel ratio for the seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete bridge piers. Quasi-static test have been done to investigate the physical seismic performance of RC bridge piers, such as displacement ductility and enemy absorption.

• KCI Concrete Journal
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.130-137
• /
• 2002

It is known that lap splice in the longitudinal reinforcement of reinforced concrete(RC) bridge columns is not desirable for seismic performance, but it is sometimes unavoidable. Lap splices were practically located in the potential plastic hinge region of most bridge columns that were constructed before the adoption of the seismic design provision of Korea Bridge Design Specification on 1992. The objective of this research is to evaluate the seismic performance of reinforced concrete(RC) bridge piers with lap splicing of longitudinal reinforcement in the plastic hinge region, to develop the enhancement scheme of their seismic capacity by retrofitting with glassfiber sheets, and to develop appropriate limited ductility design concept in low or moderate seismicity region. Nine test specimens in the aspect ratio of 4 were made with three confinement ratios and three types of lap splice. Quasi-static test was conducted in a displacement-controlled way under three different axial load levels. A significant reduction of displacement ductility ratios was observed for test columns with lap splices of longitudinal steels.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2001.11a
• /
• pp.65-70
• /
• 2001

The compression toe of structural wall is designed to resist the axial compression and shear force caused by wind or earthquake. The performance of shear wall used in tall building is highly influenced by combined shear and axial force. For this reason, it is possible to result in local brittle failure because of concentrated damage in the potential plastic hinge region under severe earthquake. Thus, it is necessary to establish the lateral confinement details at the plastic hinge of shear wall so that shear wall can behave a ductile manner, The objective of this study is to evaluate the seismic performance of L-shaped walls with different confinement details. For this purpose, three wall specimens were tested experimentally and also analyzed using Nonlinear FEM package.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.823-828
• /
• 2002

Lap splice in plastic hinge region of RC bridge piers is inevitable because of the constructional joint between footing and column. RC circular columns with lap-splice in plastic hinge region are widely used in Korean highway bridges. It is, however, believed that there we not many experimental research works for nonlinear behavior of these columns subjected to earthquake motions. This study has been peformed to verify the effect of lap splice and confinement steel ratio for the seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete bridge piers. Quasi-static test have been done to investigate the physical seismic performance of RC bridge piers, such as displacement ductility.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.849-854
• /
• 2002

From the analysis results of some as-built drawings in national roadway bridges in Korea, many bridge piers are expected to show complex shear-flexural behaviour under earthquakes. But the previous research works about the seismic evaluation of bridges considered flexural behaviour RC piers only. In addition, the past bridge design specifications in Korea didn't include limitation on the amount of longitudinal lap splices in the plastic hinge zone of piers. Thus a large majority of non-seismically designed bridge piers in Korea may have lap splices in plastic hinge zone. In this study, prototype pier was selected among existent bridge piers whose failure mode is expected to be complex shear-flexural mode. And then, full scale and 1/2 reduced scale model RC piers with various longitudinal lap splice details were constructed. From the quasi static test results on these model RC piers, the effect of longitudinal lap splices on the seismic performance of bridges piers was analyzed. And the seismic capacity of the non-seismically designed shear-flexural RC piers was evaluated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.506-509
• /
• 2004

This paper proposes Headed bar as reinforcement of beam-column joint, and proves seismic performance and reduction of reinforcement congestion. In these case, the use of Headed bars have obvious advantages. The greatest benefit of using Headed bars is not only improved structural performance of beam-column joints, but also the ease of fabrication, construction, and placement. Three-dimensional finite element analysis model is compared with test program which was fulfilled by the proposed model with Headed bar. Also, the plastic hinge region is relocated to the center of the longitudinal beam length according to the strong column-weak beam design philosophy, so Headed bar is used as the joint reinforcement. Therefore, this paper presents results of a computer analysis of a practical solution for relocating potential beam plastic hinge regions by the placing of straight - Headed bar.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.19-43
• /
• 2014

A risk assessment framework for evaluating building structures is implemented in this study. This framework allows considering sources of uncertainty both on structural capacity and seismic demand. In particular randomness on seismic load, incident angle, material properties, floor mass and structural damping are considered; in addition the choice of fibre modelling versus plastic hinge model is also considered as a source of uncertainty. The main objective of this work is to study the contribution of these sources of uncertainty on the fragilities of steel and steel-reinforced concrete composite 3D building structures. The fragility curves are expressed in the form of a two-parameter lognormal distribution where vertical statistics in conjunction with metaheuristic optimization are implemented for calculating the two parameters.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.281-287
• /
• 2004

In this paper, the refined plastic-hinge analysis accounting for gradual yielding with fibers on a section is developed. Geometric nonlinearities of member(P-δ) and frame(P-Δ) are accounted for by using stability functions. Residual stresses are considered by assigning initial stresses to the fiber on the section. The elastic core in a section is investigated at every loading step to determine the axial and bending stiffness reduction. The strain reversal effect is captured by investigating the stress change of each fiber. The proposed analysis proves to be useful in applying for practical analysis and design of three-dimensional steel frames.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2006.05a
• /
• pp.218-221
• /
• 2006

The past Korean Bridge Design Specifications have no limitation on the amount of lap splices of longitudinal bars in the plastic hinge zone of piers. A majority of bridge piers which have been non-seismically designed might have some lap splices in plastic hinge zone. Also a number of those piers in Korea have a low aspect ratio(height/section area). So, some problems such as low ductility behavior may happen. In this study, the real pier which was non-seismically designed and has a low aspect ratio was selected for the quasi-static tests. Two groups of full scaled RC pier models of which aspect ratios are about 2.26 and about 2.67 were fabricated. And then, quasi-static tests according to the drift level history method were implemented. From the test results, the failure of these test specimens have been shown in the complex shear-flexural or shear modes. The low aspect ratio and the lap splice have largely influenced on the seismic performance of bridge piers.