• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.147-150
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• 2003

To find anticancer agents from higher plants, DNA strand-scission assay method was employed for bioassay-guided fractionation as well as for screening the crude extracts. During the screening, an ethyl acetate extracts of the heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L. (Leguminosae) exhibited potent DNA strand-scission activity. Therefore, the ethyl acetate extracts of the dried heartwood of C. sappan was subjected to the bioassay-guided fractionation, which led to the isolation of a known compound, brazilin (1) as the active constituent. In addition, caesalpine J (2) was also isolated as an inactive constituent.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.208-217
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• 2019

Background: In the present study, we identified two cytotoxic compounds from the root of Rumex crispus L. using a bioassay-based method. Methods and Results: Compared with the other fractions, the diethyl ether ($Et_2O$) fraction of R. crispus root extract exhibited the strongest of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging effect [scavenging concentration 50% $(SC_{50})=63.8{\pm}1.47{\mu}g/m{\ell}$], nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory effect on the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 [inhibitory concentration 50% $(IC_{50})=60.9{\pm}7.52{\mu}g/m{\ell}$] and cytotoxicity effect on the human hepatoma cell line, HepG2 [lethal concentration 50% $(LC_{50})=115.4{\pm}1.86{\mu}g/m{\ell}$]. According to the bioassay-based method, two cytotoxic compounds were purified from the $Et_2O$ fraction by using column chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC). These two compounds were identified as parietin and chrysophanol by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and liquid chromatography quadruple time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS). In addition, both parietin and chrysophanol exhibited a cytotoxicity effect on HepG2 cells, their $LC_{50}$ values were $169.1{\pm}17.67{\mu}M$ and $111.5{\pm}6.62{\mu}M$, respectively. Conclusions: Parietin and chrysophanol isolated from the $Et_2O$ fraction of the R. crispus root extract showed cytotoxicity in HepG2 cell.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.185-189
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• 2002

우리나라의 유전자변형농산물 의무 표시제가 시행됨에 따라 수입 유전자변형농산물 중 유전자변형 콩의 혼입유무를 판별할 수 있는 검정기술 개발이 요구되고 있다. 근사미(glyphosate)제초제에 저항성을 나타내는 토양미생물인 Agrobacterium CP4 유래의 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase(EPSPS) 유전자의 도입여부를 PCR로 진단할 수 있는 특이프라이머를 제작하여 제초제저항성 콩(Roundup Ready Soybean, RRS)을 검정할 수 있는 PCR조건을 확립하였으며 콩의 내재유전자인 lectin유전자와 RRS특이 프라이머를 이용하여 duplex PCR에 의한 제초제저항성 콩의 검정법을 확립하였다. 또한 수입 콩 및 콩나물에 대하여 근사미 제초제 처리로 저항성 개체를 판별하는 생물검정법도 확립하여 저항성 개체의 잎에서 분리한 genomic DNA에 대하여 EPSPS특이 프라이머를 이용하여 분석한 결과 RRS특이적인 PCR밴드를 확인하였다. 또한 수입 콩의 백립중과 종실의 제색을 고려할 때 단일품종이 아닌 여러 품종이 혼합되어 있음을 확인하였다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1228-1232
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• 2005

Four compounds, including two novel macrolides, were isolated from an endophyte Streptomyces sp. Is9131 of Maytenus hookeri. Spectral data indicated that these compounds were dimeric dinactin (1), dimeric nonactin (2), cyclo-homononactic acid (3), and cyclo-nonactic acid (4). Bioassay results showed that dimeric dinactin had strong antineoplastic activity and antibacterial activity.

• 약학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2007

Saussurea Radix, the dried roots of Saussurea lappa Clark (Compositae), has been used in oriental traditional medicine for aromatic stomachic. Present study was carried out for the anticancer effect of Saussurea Radix. Bioassay-directed fractionation of Saussurea Radix led to the isolation of two sesquiterpenes, dehydrocostuslactone (1) and costunolide (2). The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectral methods (MS, IR, $^1$H and $^{13}$C NMR). These compounds showed a potent cell proliferation activity against human breast cancer cell MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453.

• Plant Resources
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2004

Several wild plant species are known to contain biologically active substances that are allelopathic to weed species as well as antioxidant to foods. Plant extracts or residues from leaves of 4 species, Achyranthes japonica (speedwell), Cucumis sativus (Cucumber), Trifolium repens (white clover), and Vicia angustifolia (narrowleaf vetch) were bioassayed against Medicago sativa (alfalfa) or Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) to determine their allelopathic effects, and used for measurement of antioxidant activities. The aqueous extracts applied on filter paper significantly inhibited root growth of alfalfa. Aqueous extracts or residues from V. angustifolia showed the most inhibitory effect on alfalfa or barnyard grass seedling growth and followed by A. japonica and T. repens. Oxidative stability by Rancimat method, antioxidant activity by TBA (2-thiobarbituric acid) method and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity for the ground samples or methanol extracts were the greatest in V. angustifolia, although were less than those of commonly used antioxidants, BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) and ascorbic acid. These results suggest that the wild plant species had potent allelopathic and antioxidant activities, and that their activities differed depending on plant species.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2016

Hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of whole plant of Boerhavia diffusa were screened for phytochemical and biological activities. Qualitative phytochemical screening via colorimetric method and the quantitative estimation of phenolic and flavonoid content were performed. Antioxidant assay using DPPH scavenging method was studied. Antimicrobial screening of plant extracts was done by cup diffusion technique. Cytotoxic activity of B. diffusa was studied by brine shrimp bioassay and anthelminthic activity was evaluated in vitro in Pheretima posthuma. This study revealed B. diffusa as a source of various phyto-constituents such as alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids and terpenoids. Quantitative estimation of total phenol was found to be maximum in BEE i.e. $29.73{\pm}0.88$, BME $19.8{\pm}2.02$ and in BHE $9.15{\pm}0.304mgGAE/g$. Similarly, the total flavonoid content was found to be $17.44{\pm}0.75$ in BEE, $14.43{\pm}0.23$ in BHE and 3.678 mg QE/g in BME. Ethyl acetate extract showed its antibacterial activity against all tested pathogens except Escherichia coli whereas Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhi were resistant to methanol and hexane extract. The zone of inhibition (ZOI) of ethyl acetate extract against S. Typhi and B. cereus was found to be 18 mm and 14 mm respectively. The MIC value of BEE in S. Typhi was $3.125{\mu}g/ml$ and in B. cereus was $12.5{\mu}g/ml$. The preliminary screening of anticancer property of B. diffusa i.e. BSLT in methanol was found to be $165.19{\mu}g/ml$. B. diffusa was also found to contain anthelmintic property. The study helped in further exploration of medicinal properties of B. diffusa by phytochemical screening and biological activities paving the path for study and investigation in this plant.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2011

배추좀나방(Plutella xylostella L.)은 세계적으로 배추과 작물의 가장 문제 해충이다. 지금까지 배추좀나방 방제는 유충을 대상으로 이루어졌으나, 더욱 효과적인 방제를 위해서 알의 부화를 억제하거나 살란활성을 가진 새로운 살충제 개발이 요구된다. 이에 알루미늄 호일을 활용하여 배추좀나방의 살란활성을 효율적으로 생물검정하는 방법을 개발하였다. 알루미늄호일($4{\times}12$ cm, 산란호일)에 배추잎 즙액을 도포하여 아크릴원통에 넣고 갓 우화한 성충 300마리를 24시간 접종한 결과 알을 충분하게 확보할 수 있었으며, 이는 4일간 연속으로 채란 가능하였다. 살란활성 검정은 난괴 크기별로 산란호일을 6~12조각으로 나눈 농도별로 준비된 메탄올 용액에 2~10초간 핀셋으로 침지한 후 음건(15~30분)하여 소형사육통에 넣어 부화율을 조사하였다. 산란호일은 50% 메탄올에 10초간 침지하여도 활성검정에 어떠한 영향도 미치지 않았다. 하지만 소형 사육통의 뚜껑을 개폐하면 활성물질의 성질에 따라 영향을 받았다 이러한 방법으로 식물체 50종의 메탄올 추출물에 대한 배추좀나방 살란활성을 검정한 결과, 고본(Angelica tenuissima) 뿌리, 원지(Polygala tenuifolia) 뿌리, 지골피(Lycium chinense) 뿌리, 천궁(Cnidium officinale) 뿌리 등은 90% 이상의 높은 살란활성을 나타내었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2009

In the course of a searching natural antifungal compounds from plant seeds, we found that the methanol extract of Psoralea corylifolia seeds showed potent control efficacy against tomato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans and wheat leaf rust Puccinia recondita. Under bioassay-guided purification, we isolated two furanocoumarins, psoralen and isopsoralen, with anti-oomycete activity against P. infestans. By 1-day protective application, both compounds strongly reduced the disease development of P. infestans on tomato seedlings, but hardly controlled development of leaf rust on wheat seedlings. This is the first report on the anti-oomycete activity of P. corylifolia as well as that of psoralen and isopsoralen.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.159-166
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• 1994

Direct current (DC) applied to cotyledons during a 16 h inductive dark period inhibited the flowering in the short-day plant, Pharbitis nil Choisy cv. Violet. The inhibitory effect of DC was more profound when the current flowed from roots to cotyledons, showing its polarity-dependent action. The second half on the inductive dark period was more sensitive to DC stimulus. The flowering was significantly depressed only when DC stimuli were applied to the translocation path of the floral stimulus from the induced cotyledon to the apex, suggesting that the transport of floral stimulus was damaged by the DC treatment. The vegetative apex culture bioassay system showed that a significant level of the floral stimulus activity existed in the phloem exudate from the cotyledons which would fail to form their own floral buds. These results strongly support the hypothesis that DC partially impede, at least temporarily, the transmission path of the floral stimulus from florally-induced cotyledon to the apex, rather than depressing in situ synthesis of the floral stimulus.