• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.275-275
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• 2022

One of the most widely grown food crops in the world, wheat, is increasing more lodged since for increased rains and winds caused by abnormal climate. During the Green Revolution, shorter wheat cultivars were bred using many Rht genes to increase lodging resistance. However, since only some Rht genes were used for breeding shorter wheat, it may have had a limited impact on wheat breeding and reduced genetic diversity. Therefore, it is essential to search for genes that have breeding potential and affect dwarfism in order to increase the genetic diversity of dwarf characteristics in wheat. In this study, we performed the RNA-seq between 'Keumkang' and 'Komac 5' ('Keumkang' mutant) to analyze the difference in plant height. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis and Gene function annotation were performed using 265,365,558 mapped reads. Cluster set analysis was performed to compress and select candidate gene DEGs affecting plant height, stem and internode. Gene expression analysis was performed in order to identify the functions of the selected genes by condensing the results of the DEG analysis into a cluster set analysis. This analysis of these plant height-related genes could help reduce plant height, improve lodging resistance, and increase wheat yield. Its application to wheat breeding will also affect the increased genetic diversity of wheat dwarfism.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.365-373
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• 2010

TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) is broadly regarded as an excellent methodology for reverse genetics applications. Approximately 15,000 $M_3$ TILLING lines have been developed via the application of gamma-ray irradiation to rice seeds (cv. Donganbyeo), followed by subsequent selections. In an effort to evaluate the genetic diversity of the TILLING population, we have employed the AFLP multiple dominant marker technique. A total of 96 (0.64%) TILLING lines as well as Donganbyeo were selected randomly and their genetic diversity was assessed based on AFLP marker polymorphisms using 5 primer combinations. An average of 100.4 loci in a range of 97 to 106 was detected using these primer combinations, yielding a total of 158 (31.4%) polymorphic loci between Donganbyeo and each of the 96 lines. A broad range of similarity from 80% to 96% with an average of 89.4% between Donganbyeo and each of the 96 lines was also observed, reflecting the genetic diversity of the TILLING population. Approximately 28 polymorphic loci have been cloned and their sequences were BLAST-searched against rice whole genome sequences, resulting in 20 matches to each of the gene bodies including exon, intron, 1 kb upstream and 1 kb downstream regions. Six polymorphic loci evidenced changes in the coding regions of genes as compared to the rice pseudomolecules, 4 loci of which exhibited missense mutations and 2 loci of which exhibited silent mutations. Therefore, the results of our study show that the TILLING rice population should prove to be a useful genetic material pool for functional genomics as well as mutation breeding applications.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.298-308
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• 2020

Genetic diversity among Thaumatococcus daniellii populations in the southwestern region of Nigeria were assessed using morphometric and molecular markers to determine the population structure and existing genetic relationship for its improvement, conservation and sustainable utilisation. Populations from five locations in each of the six states were used for the study. Morphometric data were collected on folia characters and analysed for variability. Genome DNA was isolated from the plant leaf and amplified by polymerase chain reaction with inter-simple sequence repeat markers (ISSR) to determine the allelic polymorphism, marker effectiveness and genetic relationship of the population. The results showed significant variations in petiole length and leaf dimensions of the populations within and across the states. These morphometric traits are the major parameters that delimit the populations and they correlated significantly at P≤0.05. Analysis of the electrophoregram showed that the ISSR markers are effective for the diversity study. A total of 136 loci were amplified with an average of 7.16 loci per marker, 63.2% of the loci were polymorphic. The Principal Coordinate Analysis revealed that seven factors accounted for 81.6% of the variation and the dendrogram separated the populations into two major groups at a genetic distance of 10 (about 90% similarity) with sub-groups and clusters. Most populations within the state had a high degree of similarity, nonetheless, strong genetic relationship exists among populations from different states. The close relationship between populations across the states suggests a common progenitor, which are likely separated by ecological or geographical isolation mechanisms.

• Mycobiology
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.444-449
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• 2015

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous in the rhizosphere and form symbiotic relationships with most terrestrial plant roots. In this study, four strains of Rhizophagus clarus were cultured and variations in their growth characteristics owing to functional diversity and resultant effects on host plant were investigated. Growth characteristics of the studied R. clarus strains varied significantly, suggesting that AMF retain high genetic variability at the intraspecies level despite asexual lineage. Furthermore, host plant growth response to the R. clarus strains showed that genetic variability in AMF could cause significant differences in the growth of the host plant, which prefers particular genetic types of fungal strains. These results suggest that the intraspecific genetic diversity of AMF could be result of similar selective pressure and may be expressed at a functional level.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.256-263
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• 2020

Background: Ambrosia trifida is a highly invasive annual plant, but effective control methods have not been proposed. Among various eradication methods, cutting is a simple measure to control invasive plants, and sowing seeds of native plants may effectively increase biotic resistance to invasion. In this study, we conducted a field experiment with two treatments: cutting and sowing seeds of six native or naturalized plants. Results: We found a significantly lower A. trifida abundance after cutting than in the control (77% decrease). Sowing seeds of native species did not provide any additional benefit for the control of A. trifida, but increased the importance values and diversity of other native vegetation. The abundance of A. trifida was negatively correlated with that of other plant taxa based on plant cover, biomass, and density. However, biotic resistance of sown plants was not effective to control invasion because A. trifida was so competitive. Conclusions: We concluded that cutting is an effective measure to control Ambrosia trifida while sowing seeds of native plants can increase native plant diversity.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2023

잔가시고기 Pungitius kaibarae의 신규 집단인 고령(GR) 집단과 야생 집단의 특성을 규명하기 위해 미토콘드리아 cytb 유전자 영역의 886 bp 서열을 이용 총 4개 집단 (경상북도 고령(회천, GR), 포항(곡강천, PH), 경산(오목천, GYSA), 강원도 고성(배봉천, GS))을 분석하였다. 고령(GR) 집단에서 가장 낮은 haplotype 다양성을 나타냈고(H_d=0.000), 고성(GS) 집단에서 0.755로 가장 높은 haplotype 다양성을 확인하였다. Nucleotide 다양성은 고성(GS) 집단에서 0.00291로 가장 높은 다양성을 나타냈으며, 고령(GR) 집단에서 가장 0.00000로 가장 낮은 다양성을 보였다. 유전적 분화도에서 고령(GR) 집단은 포항(PH) 집단과 유전적으로 가장 가까운 것으로 나타났다. Haplotype 네트워크는 고령 (GR) 집단이 포항(PH) 집단과 군집되어 가장 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 고령(GR) 집단은 계통발생학적 tree에서 높은 지지도(98%)의 값으로 포항(PH) 집단과 군집됨을 확인하였다. 따라서 고령(GR) 집단은 포항(PH) 집단과 유사한 집단에서 유래됨을 추정하였다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.331-342
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• 2012

본 연구는 먹이식물과 흡밀식물의 수 그리고 식생이 나비의 개체수 및 다양성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 2008-09년까지 충북 보은군 속리산 법주사 지역을 4개 구간으로 나누어 모니터링을 실시하였으며 이를 단순회귀분석 및 다중회귀분석하였다. 그 결과 나비 개체수와 식물종수, 흡밀식물 그리고 먹이식물 수를 다중회귀분석 한 결과에서 상관관계를 보였으며, 서식지 면적이 클수록 개체수는 많아지는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 단순회귀 분석 시 나비의 종수와 다양도지수는 먹이식물 수 및 구간면적과 각각 낮은 상관관계를 나타냈다. 또한 보다 다양한 식생을 보이는 구간에서 나비 종수가 증가하였다. 나비의 다양성과 개체군 보전을 위해서는 다양한 수종의 식물과 함께 나비의 먹이식물과 흡밀식물이 복합적으로 분포하고, 식생은 각각의 요소들이 서로 보완관계를 유지할 수 있도록 다른 형태로 존재하는 것이 필요함을 시사한다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.236-243
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• 2013

북방계 식물들의 잔존적 피난처인 아고산대에 분포하는 식물들은 기후변화에 따른 자생지 환경변화로 인해 멸종 및 멸절 위험에 크게 직면해 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 한반도의 남부지역 아고산대에 제한적으로 분포하고 있는 특산식물이며 희귀식물인 설앵초(Primula farinosa subsp. modesta (Bisset & Moore) Pax)에 대한 유전적 다양성과 지리적 분화 양상을 구명을 통한 보존전략을 수립하기 위해 3지역 6집단 165개체를 대상으로 ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) 분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과 집단 수준의 유전 다양성의 평균은(P = 60.62, SI = 0.299, h = 0.190) 유사한 생활사를 갖는 다년생 초본류의 평균보다 낮은 수준이었으며, 이형화주의 특징을 갖는Primula속의 근연 분류군들에 비해서도 다소 낮은 결과를 보였다. 유전적 분화도 구명을 위해 AMOVA(Analysis of molecular variance) 분석 결과 전체 유전변이 중 약 50%가 지역 간에 분포하는 결과를 보여 종내 지역간 분화도가 매우 높은 수준으로 판단되며, Bayesian cluster 분석 결과에서도 조사된 세 지역이 각각 독특한 유전적 cluster를 형성함으로써 개체군간 유전자 이동이 매우 제한적임을 암시하였다. 따라서 설앵초 집단의 급속한 분획화와 낮은 수준의 유전적 다양성, 지역간 높은 분화도 등의 특성들을 고려하여 설앵초 집단의 개체군 감소 및 멸절 방지를 위한 현지 내 외 보전 전략 수립이 시급한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.310-319
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• 2013

우리나라 특산식물인 매미꽃(Coreanomecon hylomeconoides Nakai) 집단의 유전적 다양성 및 구조를 조사하기 위해 8집단 224개체에 대한 ISSR(Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) 분석이 수행되었다. 총 8개의 ISSR 프라이머를 이용하여 50개의 증폭산물을 관찰하였으며 집단 수준에서의 유전적 다양성의 평균은 P (Percentage of polymorphic loci) = 47.3%, SI(Shannon's information index) = 0.218, h (Nei's genetic diversity) = 0.142로 다년생 초본류의 평균보다는 월등히 낮게 나타났다. 집단별로는 분포의 중심에 해당하는 산청(SI=0.233, h=0153), 광양(SI=0.263, h=0.171), 순천(SI=0.241, h=0.159) 집단이 남해(SI=0.183, h=0.116)나 광주(SI=0.181, h=0.121)의 변두리 집단보다는 비교적 높은 유전다양성을 유지하는 것으로 나타났다. AMOVA 분석 결과 전체 유전변이의 약 18%가 지역 간에 나머지 82%가 집단 내 개체간의 차이에 기인하는 것으로 나타났는데 이는 집단 간에 유전자 교류가 원활히 이루어지기 때문으로 판단된다. 유전적 거리를 이용한 UMGMA 유집분석과 Bayesian cluster 분석 결과, 매미꽃 집단은 동서 두 지역으로 구조화 되는 경향을 보여 주었는데 이는 집단의 지리적 분포 패턴의 영향인 것으로 추정할 수 있다. 본 연구 결과, 조사된 다른 집단보다 풍부한 개체수와 높은 유전 다양성을 유지하고 있는 지리산 및 백운산의 산청, 광양 집단들에 대한 적극적인 현지 내(in situ) 보전대책 수립이 요구된다.

• Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2017

Production of spring wheat, the major crop in Mongolia, accounts for 98% of the cultivated area. Understanding genetic variability in existing gene bank accessions is critical for collection, conservation and use of wheat germplasms. To determine genetic diversity and population structure among a representative collection of Mongolian local wheat cultivars and lines, 200 wheat accessions were analyzed with 15 SSR markers distributed throughout the wheat genome. A total of 85 alleles were detected, with three to five alleles per locus and a mean genetic richness of 5.66. Average genetic diversity index was 0.69, with values ranging from 0.37-0.80. The 200 Mongolian wheat accessions were mainly divided into two subgroups based on structure and phylogenetic analyses, and some phenotypes were divergent by the subgroups. Results from this study will provide valuable information for conservation and sustainable use of Mongolian wheat genetic resources.