• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.24-34
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• 2007

Application systems that easy to access a information have been developed by IT growth and a human life variation. In this paper, we propose a application system to register a 3D footwear model using a monocular camera. In General, a human motion analysis research to body movement. However, this system research a new method to use a foot movement. This paper present a system process and show experiment results. For projection to 2D foot plane from 3D shoe model data, we construct processes that a foot tracking, a projection expression and pose estimation process. This system divide from a 2D image analysis and a 3D pose estimation. First, for a foot tracking, we propose a method that find fixing point by a foot characteristic, and propose a geometric expression to relate 2D coordinate and 3D coordinate to use a monocular camera without a camera calibration. We make a application system, and measure distance error. Then, we confirmed a registration very well.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2003

The most great GPS is working on CNS(Car navigation System) and Personal terminal, but ocean has not been. First studied GPS is sailing to ship but We have been connivance that The ship is not need detail navigation. Lately, harbor facilities and transportation service in harbors are complication. We have need accurate ship navigation system. In this paper, author developed algorithms of ellipsoid conversion between WGS84 and BESSEL and develope algorithms of map projection between ellipsoid coordinate system, and plane cartesian system. Author used 3-parameter in covering ellipsoids and used TM and UTM projection in converting between ellipsoid and plane cartesian coordinate. And author analyzed errors through static surveying and dynamic surveying of GPS for proving accuracy of GPS sensor, Furthermore author analyzed deflection error of received position. Finally author developed real time ship navigation system using cheep GPS sensor.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.197-203
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• 2004

New lithography techniques are employed for the patterning of arbitrary shapes in nanometer scale. When, in the photolithography, the electromagnetic waves such as UV and X-ray are incident on the mask patterned in nanometer scale, the diffraction effect is unavoidable and degrades images of the mask imprinted on wafer. Only a convex lens is well-known Fourier transformer. It is possible to make the mask Fourier-transformed with the convex lens, even though the size of pattern on the mask is very large compared to the wavelength of electromagnetic wave. If the mask, modified according to new technique described in this paper, was placed at the front of the lens and was illuminated with laser beam, the nanometer-size patterns are only formed on the plane called Fourier transform plane. The new method presented here is quite simple setup and comparable with present and next generation lithographies such as UV/EUV photolithograpy and electron projection lithography when compared in attainable minimum linewidth. In this paper, we showed our theoretical research work in the field of Fourier optics, . In the near future, we are going to verify this theoretical work by experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.365-372
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• 2001

The general rule of boundary delimitation is a the principle of equidistant. The principle of equidistant is a method that determine boundary delimitation from fixed distant of baseline or basepoint. In this paper, study Two-Point Algorithm and Three-Point Algorithm that are widely used. and developed the Boundary Delimitation Program to verify the result and error. This program is specially useful for maritime boundary delimitation problem because there is no artificial and natural object in sea to determine boundary. As a result The mid-points computed on Ellipsoid have small error rather than mid-points on plane or sphere without any distortion by map projection. Through developing boundary delimitation program, can eliminate the various manipulation error using paper map, and quickly cope with maritime boundary delimitation negotiation. Also, verify that the error of basepoint in baseline is propagate the mid-point in mid-line, and determine suitable reference plane.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.19-24
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• 2015

PURPOSES : The noise, which is typically generated by fast moving vehicles, can be intercepted by installing a noise barrier with a soundproof panel. However, reflections from the panels cause secondary noise, and hence lower the effectiveness of the panels. In this study, the reduction of reflection noise by considering the shape, especially zigzag one, of the soundproof panel have been evaluated. METHODS : The simulation model used in this study was Nord2000, which simulates real-road situations effectively. Based on the simulation results, the joining angle of $133^{\circ}$ with the pattern width (a) equal to 2 m and the projection height (b) equal to 0.5 m was adapted in the zigzag shape as the best profit designing factors. RESULTS: The measuring results at middle height, 15 m showed reduction at all points except the point with average -1.6 dB. At a greater height of 30 m, 2 points showed reduction. A real-sized facility was constructed to investigate the reflected sound from a zigzag shaped panel up to the height of 5 m. CONCLUSIONS: The reduction effects were detected in all the receive points in the range of 2-6 m distances and 1-5 m heights comparing the plane panel. Compared to plane panel, the noises are reduced at an average of 2.4 dBA.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.41-49
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• 2007

In this study, the software to compute Bessel coordinates by trilateration adjustment was developed, and the software was used to determine coordinates of the cadastral control points over the southern Korean peninsula. The baseline measured by GPS was reduced to the distance on geoid surface by applying PNU95 geoid model, and the distance on geoid surface was reduced to the plane grid distance by applying scale factor of map projection of Bessel coordinates. Using the plane grid distance, Bessel coordinates of 32 CORS (Continuously Operating Reference Station) were computed by free adjustment at first, and then the coordinates of the cadastral control points were computed by joining the control points to adjacent CORS. The result shows a possibility of construction of highly accurate and consistent cadastral survey network with coordinate error less than 1ppm of distance, when newly computing the coordinates of the control points by using distances measured by GPS.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.1658-1667
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• 2008

Reconstruction of 3D objects from a single view image is generally an ill-posed problem because of the projection distortion. A monocular vision based 3D object localization method is proposed in this paper, which approximates an object on the ground to a simple bounding solid and works automatically without any prior information about the object. A spherical or cylindrical object determined based on a circularity measure is approximated to a bounding cylinder, while the other general free-shaped objects to a bounding box or a bounding cylinder appropriately. For a general object, its silhouette on the ground is first computed by back-projecting its projected image in image plane onto the ground plane and then a base rectangle on the ground is determined by using the intuition that touched parts of the object on the ground should appear at lower part of the silhouette. The base rectangle is adjusted and extended until a derived bounding box from it can enclose the general object sufficiently. Height of the bounding box is also determined enough to enclose the general object. When the general object looks like a round-shaped object, a bounding cylinder that encloses the bounding box minimally is selected instead of the bounding box. A bounding solid can be utilized to localize a 3D object on the ground and to roughly estimate its volume. Usefulness of our approach is presented with experimental results on real image objects and limitations of our approach are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.202-205
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• 2005

Objective : The purpose of this study is to measure the dimensions of foramen ovale and to localize the zygomatic point using computed tomography[CT] in Korean adults with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. Methods : Facial axial CT scans using the orbitomeatal plane were performed in 67patients [39males and 28females; mean age 58.8years] with idiopathic classic trigeminal neuralgia. We measured the size of the foramen ovale and localized the zygomatic point which was a skin marker over the ipsilateral zygoma that approximates the lateral projection of a straight line joining the centers of the two foramen ovale. Results : The axial dimensions of the foramen ovale on the orbitomeatal plane were of average length : $8.18{\pm}0.82mm$ [range $6.9{\sim}11.5mm$]. width : $4.06{\pm}0.86mm$ [$2.5{\sim}5.7mm$]. The average distance between the external acoustic meatus and the zygomatic point was $21.64{\pm}1.99mm$ [$16.3{\sim}25.0mm$] and the average distance of anterior margin of condylar process of mandible to zygomatic point was $4.29{\pm}1.19mm$ [$1.0{\sim}7.0mm$]. Conclusion : The anatomical understandings including the size of the foramen ovale and localization of the zygomatic point could be helpful in determining a plan of percutaneous approaches to foramen ovale.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.358-366
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• 2024

This paper proposes a method for the real-time camera tracking which detects and employs feature points located on a planar object in 3D space. The proposed approach operates in two stages. First, multiple feature points are detected in the 3D space, and then only those that exist on the planar object are selected. The camera's extrinsic parameters are then estimated using the projective geometry relationship between the feature points of the plane and the camera's image plane. The experiments are conducted in a typical indoor environment with regular lighting, without any special illumination setups. In contrast to conventional approaches, the proposed method can detect new feature points on the planar object in real-time and employ them for the camera tracking. This allows for continuous tracking even when the reference features for the camera pose initialization are not available. The experimental results show an average re-projection error of about 5 to 7 pixels, which is relatively small given the image resolution, and demonstrating that camera tracking is possible even in the absence of reference features within the image.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.317-325
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• 2003

Corticostriatal connections of auditory areas within the rostral and caudal portions of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and in the supratemporal plane(STP) of pigtail macaque (Macacca nemestrina) were studied with particular emphasis on specific projections to the ventral striatum. Retrograde tracers were Injected into five different regions of the ventral striatum such as the ventromedial caudate nucleus, ventral shell, central shell, dorsal core of the nucleus accumbens (NA), and ventrolateral putamen to Identify the cells of origin. There were only few projections from the auditory areas in the STP to the ventral striatum. However, the association (or belt) areas of the STG collectively had widespread corticostriatal projections characterized by differential topographic distributions. The rostral parts of the STG strongly projected to the ventromedial caudate nucleus. The midportion of the STG also projected to the same ventral striatal regions, but the connections were relatively less extensive. Interestingly, the caudal portion of the STG had no connection to all subregions of the ventral striatum. These differential patterns of corticostriatal connectivity suggest that the ventromedial caudate nucleus would be a major auditory convergence area and mainly involved in sound recognition rather than spatial localization of sound sources.