• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.162-172
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• 2012

This paper presents a research about free piston linear engine (FPLE) fueled with hydrogen, in which, the numerical models are built to simulate the operation during the full stroke of the engine. Dynamic model, linear alternator model and thermodynamic model are used as the numerical models to predict piston velocity, in-cylinder pressure and electric power of FPLE. The spark timing and air gap length are changed to provide information for the prediction. Beside, the heat transfer problem is also investigated in the paper. The results of research are divided by two parts, including motoring mode and firing mode. The result of motoring mode showed that there is validation between simulation and experiment for volume and pressure in cylinder. For firing mode, by increasing spark timing, the velocity of piston, peak pressure and electric power also increase respectively. Beside, when increasing air gap length, the electric power increases accordingly while the motion of piston is not symmetric. The effect of heat transfer also observed clearly by reducing of the peak pressure, velocity of piston and electric power.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.116-123
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to model and simulate the nonlinear lubrication performance of the sliding part between the piston and cylinder wall in a hydrostatic swash-plate-type axial piston pump. A numerical algorithm is developed that facilitates simultaneous calculation of the rotating body motion and fluid film pressure to observe the fluid film geometry and power loss. It is assumed that solid asperity contact, so-called mixed lubrication in this study, invariably occurs in the swash-plate-type axial piston pump, which produces a higher lateral moment on the pistons than other types of hydrostatic machines. Two comparative mixed lubrication models, rigid and elastic, are used to determine the reaction force and sliding friction. The rigid model does not allow any elastic deformation in the partial lubrication area. The patch shapes, reactive forces, and virtual local elastic deformation in the partial lubrication area are obtained in the elastic contact model using a simple Hertz contact theory. The calculation results show that a higher reaction force and friction loss are obtained in the rigid model, indicating that solid deformation is a significant factor on the lubrication characteristics of the reciprocating piston part.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.42-47
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• 2016

A free-piston reciprocating expander is a device which operates without any mechanical linkage to a stationary part. Since the motion of the floating piston is only controlled by the pressure difference at two ends of the piston, this kind of expander may indispensably require a sophisticated active control system equipped with multiple valves and reservoirs. In this paper, we have suggested a novel design that can further reduce complexity of the previously developed cryogenic free-piston expander configuration. It is a simple replacement of both multiple valves and reservoirs by a combination of an orifice valve and a reservoir. The functional characteristic of the integrated orifice-reservoir configuration is similar to that of a phase controller applied in a pulse tube refrigerator so that we designate the one as a phase controller. Depending on the orifice valve size in the phase controller, the different PV work which affects the expander performance is generated. The numerical model of this unique free-piston reciprocating expander utilizing a phase controller is established to understand and analyze quantitatively the performance variation of the expander under different valve timing and orifice valve size. The room temperature experiments are carried out to examine the performance of this newly developed cryogenic expander.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.36-46
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• 2011

A two-dimensional floating body with a moon pool under forced heave motion, including a piston mode, is numerically simulated. A dynamic CFD simulation is carried out to thoroughly investigate the flow field around a two-dimensional moon pool over various heaving frequencies. The numerical results are compared with experimental results and a linear potential program by Faltinsen et al. (2007). The effects of vortex shedding and viscosity are investigated by changing the corner shapes of the floating body and solving the Euler equation, respectively. The flow fields, including the velocity, vorticity, and pressure fields, are discussed to understand and determine the mechanisms of wave elevation, damping, and sway force.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.51 no.10
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• pp.560-567
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• 2002

This paper presents the calculation of opening characteristics for puffer GCB with the equations of the flow field and the motion of the driving mechanism. To obtain the stroke curve, the motion equation is solved simultaneously with the Euler equations. For a given Piston location, the flow field is solved. The pressure inside the Puffer chamber is then used to calculate the moving velocity and the new position of the piston. The FVFLIC method is employed to solve the axisymmetric Euler equations and the motion equation is solved by the Runge-Kutta method. The method is applied to the puffer GCB model and the stroke curve and the pressure rise in puffer chamber under no load condition are compared with the measured ones.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.527-534
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• 2018

The segment of the piston type wave board has been expressed as a submerged vertical line segment in the two dimensional wave flume. Either end of vertical line segment representing wave board could be located in fluid domain from free surface to the bottom of the flume. Naturally the segment could be extended from the bottom to the free surface of the flume. It is assumed that the piston motion of the wave board could be defined by the sinusoidal oscillation in horizontal direction. Simplified analytic solution of the submerged segment of wave board has been derived through the first order perturbation method in water of finite depth. The analytic solution has been utilized in expressing the wave generated by the piston type wave board installed on the upper or lower half of the flume. The wave form derived by the analytic solution have been compared with the wave profile obtained through the CFD calculation for the either of the above cases. It is appeared that the wave length and the wave height are coincided each other between analytic solution and CFD calculation. However the wave form obtained by CFD calculations are more closer to real wave form than those from analytic calculation. It is appeared that the linear solutions could be not only superposed by segment but also integrated by finite elements without limitation. Finally it is proven that the wave generated by the oscillation of flap type wave board could be derived by integrating the wave generated by the sinusoidal motion of the finite segment of the piston type wave board.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.230-236
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• 2001

We developed a built-in sensor bearing to measure the rotor motion of a rolling piston type compressor for the air conditioner. Because of needs for the high efficiency and long life span of compressor, and the usage of alternative refrigerants, the operating condition of the compressor becomes more severe. The accurate measurement of the rotor motion of the compressor can contribute greatly to the design and analysis of the hydrodynamic bearing. However, it is difficult to measure accurately the shaft behavior of small compressor because of the small space for the sensor mount, high temperature and pressure of compressor, oil mixed with refrigerant, and electromagnetic noise of the motor. To overcome these difficulties, we develop the cylindrical capacitive sensor that is built in the hydrodynamic bearing and calibrate the built-in sensor bearing indirectly through measuring the oil relative permittivity. We measured the rotor motion as well as suction and discharge pressures in various conditions. The several experimental results show that the developed built-in sensor bearing can measure the rotor motion not only in steady state but also in transient state.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.1668-1679
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• 2004

The design of an axial piston pump for electro-hydrostatic transmission systems requires accurate information where and how much the internal friction and flow losses are produced. This study is particularly focused on the friction losses of a bent-axis type hydraulic piston pump, aiming at finding out which design factors influence its torque efficiency most significantly. To this end, the friction coefficients of the pump parts such as piston heads, spherical joints, shaft bearings, and valve plate were experimentally identified by a specially constructed tribometer. Applying the experimental data to the equations of motion for pistons as well as to the theoretical friction models for the pump parts, the friction torques produced by them were computed. The accuracy of the computed results was confirmed by the comparison with the practical input torque of the pump. In this paper, it is shown that the viscous friction forces on the valve plate and input shaft bearing are the primary source of the friction losses of the bent-axis type pump, while the friction forces and moments on the piston are of little significance.

• IE interfaces
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.68-78
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• 1999

A noncircular cutting such as a piston cutting has depended on the copy-machining because of its complex shape. But the copy-machining needs a master model and brings about a low quality of the piston caused by being worn out of the master model. And the lower cutting speed reduces the productivity. In this paper, for solving these problems, a specialized software system and its subsequent procedure are presented. The shape of a piston consists of an oval, an offset, recesses, and eccentricities. The paper describes these shapes as a consistent equation that is a function of the rotational angle and the position of longitudinal direction(Z-axis). It is simple to define the characteristic geometry of a piston and to generate a tool path for CNC machining. This paper proposes the a proper structure of a 4-axes CNC(Computerized Numerical Control) lathe for machining the piston. As well as X-axis and Z-axis, are attached to the machine a C-axis for rotation and a Y-axis for higher speedy prismatic motion parallel to X-axis.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.70-76
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of a domestic developed hydraulic axial piston motor. An experimental apparatus was constructed and the output torque, the input oil pressure, the input flow rate, the speed of motor and oil temperature were measured. They were measured under both no load and load conditions. The results are as follows; 1. Motion of motor became steady state conditions after 5 seconds. 2. Output torque of motor was proportional to input oil pressure under both load and unload. 3. Speed of motor decreased with increasing load. 4. Oil temperature was almost constant. The results of this study will offer the basic data in designing and operating hydraulic axial piston motors.