• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.579-586
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• 2019

Pilot Point Method (PPM) is one of the popular methods to search hydraulic conductivities in the inverse method using groundwater flow equations. In this study, the Simultaneous Search based Pilot Point Method (SSBM) was applied with diverse information (e.g. hydraulic heads and/or tracer concentration) applications over previously developed sensitivity based Pilot Point Method (e.g. D-optimality based Pilot Point Method: DBM). In the case of DBM, due to the minimized the variance size, tracer concentration can be recognized as a tool to control the searching space of hydraulic conductivities. SSBM reduced the procedure of hydraulic conductivity searching, though it produced more variance for exploring hydraulic conductivities. In addition, SSBM was dependent on the initial hydraulic conductivity values for search finalized hydraulic conductivities. When tracer concentration was applied, searching hydraulic conductivities was more preferable than only when hydraulic head was applied. Applications of various data for searching hydraulic conductivities is recommended as a more efficient way.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.223-237
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of a nurse shift improvement pilot project on nurses' shift adjustment, work-life balance, and turnover intention, as well as nurses' experiences of participating in the pilot project. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was performed. Survey data was collected from a total of 1,051 nurses both in participant and non-participant groups. For the qualitative study, focus group interviews were conducted with 22 nurses who participated in the shift improvement pilot, including 12 staff nurses, 7 nurse managers, and 3 substitute nurses. Results: There were significant positive effects on the key variables of nurses' shift adjustment, work-life balance, and turnover intention in the group that participated in the nurse shift improvement pilot project. Based on the qualitative study, participants in the shift improvement pilot project indicated that it enabled nurses to recover their circadian rhythm, and achieve a better work-life balance, and they wanted to continue working as a nurse, and hoped expanded application of the pilot project. Conclusion: In order for expanded implementation of the pilot project and continued improvement in the shift system, we recommend establishing compensation standard, systematizing the use of substitute nurses, developing guidelines for shift schedules, and expanding the shift improvement pilot project to other departments such as the emergency room.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.613-615
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• 2009

We propose a pilot-based coding (PBC) scheme for lossless bit rate reduction of parametric stereo (PS) in enhanced aacPlus. It uses PBC in addition to the existing frequency and time differential coding to encode and decode PS parameter indexes. We also design optimal Huffman codebooks (HCBs) for PBC in the proposed scheme. Experiments show that the proposed scheme is superior to the original coding scheme, where both the new coding structure and the optimal HCBs contribute to the bit rate reduction.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2018

This study applied upgrades to the processes of a 10 MW wet amine $CO_2$ capture pilot plant and conducted performance evaluation. The 10 MW $CO_2$ Capture Pilot Plant is a facility that applies 1/50 of the combustion flue gas produced from a 500 MW coal-fired power plant, and is capable of capturing up to 200 tons of $CO_2$. This study aimed to quantitatively measure efficiency improvements of post-combustion $CO_2$ capture facilities resulting from process upgrades to propose reliable data for the first time in Korea. The key components of the process upgrades involve absorber intercooling, lean/rich amine exchanger efficiency improvements, reboiler steam TVR (Thermal Vapor Recompression), and lean amine MVR (Mechanical Vapor Recompression). The components were sequentially applied to test the energy reduction effect of each component. In addition, the performance evaluation was conducted with the absorber $CO_2$ removal efficiency maintained at the performance evaluation standard value proposed by the IEA-GHG ($CO_2$ removal rate: 90%). The absorbent used in the study was the highly efficient KoSol-5 that was developed by KEPCO (Korea Electric Power Corporation). From the performance evaluation results, it was found that the steam consumption (regeneration energy) for the regeneration of the absorbent decreased by $0.38GJ/tonCO_2$ after applying the process upgrades: from $2.93GJ/ton\;CO_2$ to $2.55GJ/tonCO_2$. This study confirmed the excellent performance of the post-combustion wet $CO_2$ capture process developed by KEPCO Research Institute (KEPRI) within KEPCO, and the process upgrades validated in this study are expected to substantially reduce $CO_2$ capture costs when applied in demonstration $CO_2$ capture plants.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.37-45
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to review all phases of the pilot project through the implementation of the Green Remodeling process. The Green Remodeling process was developed to facilitate anyone's ease of use. The Green Remodeling process consists of five phases : project, plan, design, construction, operation and maintenance. Each stage simulation was performed and the energy saving was predicted. Architects can easily obtain energy information of a building. In this study, we propose a green remodeling proposal plan through pilot project. Ultimately, the spread of green remodeling will greatly contribute to achieving the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.202-208
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• 2013

This paper describes establishment of a pilot training plan, training and an outcome for Human Powered Aircraft which can take off, landing and fly using the energy generated by only human muscle without using mechanical power. To achieve these, a special trainer made a plan by considering physical trait of each pilot and each pilot was performed an indoor training for principle physical improvement, an outdoor training for generating sustainable power, a simulation training to learn maneuver ability. The pilot mastered the basic maneuver ability needed to fly and each pilot was lose their weight and experienced their improved physical strength via the training.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.787-791
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• 2005

Mutation and its pilot-scale fermentation were conducted for the production of teicoplanin from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus. The fermentation medium was optimized by replacement and Plackett-Burman experimental design. A maximum production of 1,500 mg/l teicoplanin was obtained by pilot-scale fermentation in an optimized medium containing (g/l): 30 g maltodextrin, 5 g glucose, 5 g yeast extract, 5 g soybean meal, 0.5 g $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, 0.1 g NaCl, 0.1 g $CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$, and 50 g Diaion HP-20. The production of teicoplanin was improved 3-fold from the parental strain by mutation, media optimization, and fermentation, and laboratory-scale fermentation was successfully demonstrated in a pilot-scale fermenter for the industrial production of teicoplanin.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.55-70
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• 2016

Microfiltration/ultrafiltration (MF/UF) Adsorptive polyamide-6 (PA-6) membranes were prepared using wet phase inversion process. The prepared PA-6 membranes are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), porosity and swelling degree. In this study, the membranes performance has examined by adsorptive removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions in a batch adsorption mode. The $PA-6/H_2O$ membranes display sponge like and highly porous structures, with porosities of 41-73%. Under the conditions examined, the adsorption experiments have showed that the $PA-6/H_2O$ membranes had a good adsorption capacity (up to 120-280 mg/g at the initial copper ion concentration ($C_0$) = 680 mg/L, pH7), fast adsorption rates and short adsorption equilibrium times (less than 1.5-2 hrs) for copper ions. The fast adsorption in this study may be attributed to the high porosities and large pore sizes of the $PA-6/H_2O$ membranes, which have facilitated the transport of copper ions to the adsorption. The results obtained from the study illustrated that the copper ions which have adsorbed on the polyamide membranes can be effectively desorbed in an Ethylene dinitrilotetra acetic acid Di sodium salt ($Na_2$ EDTA) solution from initial concentration (up to 92% desorption efficiency) and the PA-6 membranes can be reused almost without loss of the adsorption capacity for copper ions. The results obtained from the study suggested that the $PA-6/H_2O$ membranes can be effectively applied for the adsorptive removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.341-349
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• 2023

Gamcheon Port, which is one of three major harbors in the Port of Busan, is being operated to load, discharge and transport a wide range of cargoes, including general cargo, fisheries, steel products, cement, etc,. The harbor, designated as a compulsory pilotage area, provides pilotage services in compliance with relevant laws and regulations for arrival and departure of vessels in the Gamcheon Port area. Some academic research on the marine traffic environment in Gamcheon Port has been conducted. However, the pilotage environment and hazards to pilotage safety in the port have yet to be studied. Therefore, in this research, the pilotage environment and hazards to pilotage safety were identified, and it was confirmed that there are hazards to pilotage safety, such as vessels installed poor facilities including damaged pilot boarding arrangements, vessels blocking pilot's view by her structures and fishing nets, vessels unable to communicate in English, vessels not following VTS's order. The hazards to pilotage safety were also stratified, and the importance of the hazards was verified in accordance with a survey based on Analytic Hierachy P rocess(AHP) for Busan Harbor pilots, and safety measures to secure pilotage safety were examined to secure the safety of vessels calling Gamcheon Port.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.571-577
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• 2020

Thermal analysis was performed for a cold box of a hydrogen liquefaction pilot plant with 0.5 ton/day capacity. The pilot plant has adopted a hydrogen liquefaction process using two-stage helium Brayton cycle with precooling of liquid nitrogen. The cold box for hydrogen liquefaction has generally vacuum insulation but inevitable heat invasion by conduction and radiation exists. The heat loads were calculated for cold box internals according to multilayer insulation emissivity. Total heat load of 181.7 W is estimated for emissivity of 0.03 considered in field condition.