• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.83-107
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• 2012

This study analyzed the outcomes of the Healthy Family Support Center's 2011 Pilot Project to support grandparent-grandchild families. This paper applied Frank Fisher's multidimensional evaluation methodology, which includes 4 steps: program verification, situational validation, system vindication and social choice. The major findings and their implications are as follows: the strong points of the pilot project are the characteristics of its services, i.e. sending services, customized services, family-unit services and integrated services. Therefore, it is necessary to train human resources to deliver these services more professionally and to provide comprehensive life-planning. The weak point of the pilot project is its lack of services relating to the self-reliance of the clients. Thus it is necessary to revise the service subsystems to include programs that promote self-support measures.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.329-336
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• 2008

The pilot study was conducted to evaluate the applicability of air flotation(AF) processes combined with biological nutrient removal(BNR) for the retrofitting of conventional wastewater treatment facilities. The BNR system was operated in pre-denitrification and intermittent aeration; developed ceramic membrane diffusers were installed to separate the solid-liquid of activated sludge at the bottom of a flotation tank. Before performing a pilot scale study, the size distribution of microbubbles generated by silica or alumina-based ceramic membrane diffusers was tested to identify the ability of solid-liquid separation. According to the experimental results, the separation and thickening efficiency of the alumina-based ceramic membrane diffuser was higher than the silica-based ceramic membrane diffuser. In a $100m^3/d$ pilot plant, thickened and return sludge concentration was measured to be higher than 15,000mg SS/L, therefore, the MLSS in the bioreactor was maintained at over 3,000mg SS/L. The effluent quality of the AF-BNR process was 4.2mg/L, 3.7mg/L, 10.6mg/L and 1.6mg/L for $BOD_5$, SS, T-N and T-P, respectively. Lastly, it was revealed that the unit treatment cost by flotation process is lower than about $1won/m^3$ compared to a gravity sedimentation process.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.609-614
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• 2010

The effluent from anaerobic digestion contains organic nitrogen and phosphorus, which are both required for growth of Spirulina platensis. Effluent (20%) from the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) from a pig farm, supplemented with 4.5 g/l sodium bicarbonate ($NaHCO_3$) and 0.2 g/l urea fertilizer (46:0:0, N:P:K), was found to be not only a suitable medium for the growth of Spirulina platensis but also a low-cost alternative. Cost calculation showed that this medium is 4.4 times cheaper than modifized Zarrouk's medium. The average productivities of a semi-continuous culture grown under outdoor conditions in a 6-1 scale and a 100-1 pilot scale were 19.9 $g/m^2/d$ and 12 $g/m^2/d$, respectively. In addition, the biomass of organisms grown in UASB effluent contained approximately 57.9% protein, 1.12% $\gamma$-linolenic acid, and 19.5% phycocyanin. The average rates of bicarbonate, total nitrogen, and phosphorus removal were 380 mg/l/d, 34 mg/l/d, and 4 mg/l/d, respectively.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.175-185
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• 2011

Ultrafiltration is an emerging technology for drinking water treatment because it produces better water quality as compared with conventional treatment systems. More recently, the combination of UF technology with other processes in order to improve its performance has been observed. These associations aim to maximize the contaminants removal and reduce membrane fouling. The operational performance of contaminants removal and water production of two UF pilot plants was compared. The first plant (Guarapiranga) was fed with raw water and the second plant (ABV) with pre-treated water by the coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation processes at Alto da Boa Vista WTP (Sao Paulo, Brazil). Both units operated continuously for approximately 2,500 hours, from September/2009 to January/2010. The results showed that the ABV UF pilot plant was able to operate at higher specific fluxes (6.2 $L.d^{-1}.m^{-2}.kPa^{-1}$ @ $25^{\circ}C$) than Guarapiranga (3.1 $L.d^{-1}.m^{-2}.kPa^{-1}$ @ $25^{\circ}C$). However, the number of chemical cleanings conducted in both pilot units during the considered operation period was the same (4 chemical cleanings for each plant), which shows that the pre-treatment reduced the membrane fouling. The water quality at ABV for all the variables analyzed was better, but the feed water quality was also better due to pretreatment. The rejection values for the different contaminants were higher at Guarapiranga mainly because of a pollution load reduction after pre-treatment at ABV. Even with the better performance of the ABV UF pilot plant, it is necessary to take into consideration the complexity of the complete treatment system, and also the costs involved in the construction and operation of a full-scale treatment unit.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1666-1672
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• 2019

A closed loop wireless transmission method adaptive to mobile unit speed is proposed in this paper. A mobile communication node measures the mobile speed based on the transmitted pilot signals through Doppler frequency estimation, and it changes the transmission period of pilot signals as per estimated mobile speed adaptively. The pilot signals with the different transmission periods are transmitted using the different PN sequences with the previous ones without any explicit information about the new period. The corresponding receiver node can detect and extract the transmitted pilot signals through blind search of the transmitted PN sequences of the pilot signals, and it can demodulate and decode the transmitted information using the channel estimation results based on the detected pilot signals. The performance of the proposed method had been analyzed through the simulation under the fading channel environments and compared with the previous methods. The simulation results showed performance improvement of the proposed method over the existing ones.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.539-545
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• 2009

A feasibility of a pilot scale two-phase anaerobic digestion with ultra filtration system treating garbage leachate were evaluated. The treatment system consisted of a thermophilic acidogenic reactor, a mesophilic methanogenic reactor, and an UF membrane. The average COD removal efficiency of the treatment system was 95% up to the OLR of 3.1 g COD/L/d. The higher COD removal efficiency with membrane unit resulted from the removal of some portion of soluble organics by membrane as well as particulate materials. When the membrane unit was in operation, bulk liquid in acidogenic and methanogenic reactors was partially interchanged, which maintained the acidogenic reactor pH over 5.0 without external chemical addition. Also, with the production of methane in the acidogenic reactor, the organic loading rate of the methanogenic reactor reduced. The initial flux of the membrane unit was $50{\sim}60L/m^2/hr$, but decreased to $5 L/m^2/hr$ after 95 days of operation due to clogging caused by particulate materials such as fibrous materials in garbage leachate. To prevent clogging caused by particulate materials, a pretreatment system such as screening is required. With the improvement with membrane unit operation, the two-phase anaerobic digestion with ultra filtration system is expected to have the possibility of treating garbage leachate.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.11 no.4 s.42
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• pp.35-45
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• 2006

RIn this paper. we describe real-time parallel processing simulator developed for the use of performance analysis of rolling missiles. The real-time parallel processing simulator developed here consists of seeker emulator generating infrared image signal on aircraft, real-time computer, host computer, system unit, and actual equipments such as auto-pilot processor and seeker processor. Software is developed according to the design requirements of mathematic model, 6 degree-of-freedom module, aerodynamic module which are resided in real-time computer. and graphic user interface program resided in host computer. The real-time computer consists of six TI C-40 processors connected in parallel. The seeker emulator is designed by using analog circuits coupled with mechanical equipments. The system unit provides interface function to match impedance between the components and processes very small electrical signals. Also real launch unit of missiles is interfaced to simulator through system unit. In order to use the real-time parallel processing simulator developed here as a performance analysis equipment for rolling missiles, we perform verification test through experimental results in the field.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.632-637
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• 2008

On board Weapon Control Unit for a military aircraft, as a core equipment of the Weapon Management System, generates signals for selective jettison, emergency jettison and rocket fire and controls the external stores according to a pilot's weapon selection, aircraft's flight status and external store's installation status. This paper describes about detail design process and performance evaluation for Weapon Control Unit developed by a sequence control circuit design methodology.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.165-182
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to develop survey tools for diagnosis of capacity levels in business promotion of rural residents when performing a rural development project of a regional unit. The cases of previous studies were analyzed to select community capacity indicators related to a rural development project. Five indicators were derived : social capital, consciousness of participation, community spirit, and leadership. Based on the five indicators, measurement items of various capacities were selected and 54 survey items were selected through evaluation of experts twice. The pilot tests were conducted and targeted at Jeonnam song ho-jung village and Gyeongnam Haegeumgang village to identify derived survey items. In addition, descriptive statistic analysis and reliability analysis were conducted. As a result, survey items were corrected by reducing 10 items of the total 54 items. This results showed that using this tool could help us understand capacity levels of rural residents.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.46-55
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• 2021

Purpose: This pilot study aimed to examine the influence of death counseling on perceptions, preparedness, and anxiety regarding death and dying among family caregivers of hospice patients. Methods: Death counseling developed based on the SPIKES model was provided to 37 family caregivers in a hospice and palliative care unit. Perceptions, preparedness, and anxiety regarding death were assessed with a self-administered structured questionnaire, and participants' scores before and after counseling were compared using the paired t-test. Results: Significant changes were found in perceptions, preparedness, and anxiety regarding death after counseling. Compared to before counseling, the scores for perceptions of death (t=-4.90, P<0.001) and preparedness for death and dying (t=-16.23, P<0.001) improved, while anxiety (t=3.72, P=0.001) decreased after counseling. Some changes were also found in the types of support that family caregivers needed to prepare for the death of their family members in the hospice care unit. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that death counseling could help family caregivers prepare for the death of their loved ones. Hospice and palliative care providers should play a key role in supporting family caregivers of hospice patients by developing strategies for counseling.